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Technological Nexus to Enhance Environmental Safety, Security and Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sustainability and Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11491

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. International Clean Water Institute, Manassas, VA USA. NJCU – A State University of New Jersey, New Jersey, USA
2. Ghitu Institute of Electronics Engineering and Nanotechnologies, Chisinau, MOLDOVA, and Riga Technical University, Riga, LATVIA
Interests: Sensing/detection; Nanomaterials; Security; Defense; Foresight; Water; Ecological Chemistry; Sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,                          

It is well known that pollutants, such as domestic waste, industrial discharge, chemicals, returned pharmaceutics, microplastics, pesticides, etc., entering the environment, modify the chemical-physical parameters of habitats, chemical composition, and structure of biocenosis; they also interfere with the natural circulation of substances in the biosphere and render negative impacts on biota and natural processes. The pollutants penetrate into water, the food supply-chain and forages, and ambient air, thus impacting living organisms and human health. Anthropogenic activities have reached significantly high levels, thereby provoking stressed water quality for our planet and changes in the heat-energy balance in certain regions, which in turn can adversely impact the climate. The relation between the environment and the security of humans and nature due to incidental, accidental, or intentional events has been the subject of several recent investigations. The security of environment (being transnational) is a critical dimension of peace, overall security, and human rights. Environmental safety and security are quintessential to future sustainability. Therefore, it is critical to study how the pollutants provoke changes in environment, have negative interactions towards the well-being of human health, plants and animals, impact air and water quality, and negatively impact our future sustainability and the scientific and policy steps that are necessary to enhance environmental safety, security, and sustainability. At present, major cities worldwide are in a state of continuous expansion and economic transformation. Booming global economic growth is a double-edged sword, as it enhances the standard of living, yet it presents enormous challenges for environmental ecology and associated infrastructure needed to sustain well-being for the long-term. This dichotomy may be humanity’s grand challenge for the 21st century – viz. sustaining living standards and simultaneously availing the benefits of economic development to the large fraction of humanity, while preserving the ecological integrity of the environment. Hence, our entire human civilization confronts a series of critical challenges that represent direct impacts of anthropogenic pollution on our onward existence, including our future industrial and social development. The subject is unfolding and needs immediate attention by scientific community for our survival and going forward.

The goal of this Special Issue is to form a repository of current and diverse work investigating the various aspects of environmental safety, security and sustainability, by soliciting reviews, original research and emerging innovations that present

(a) studies about the nature of contaminants, extent to which the pollutants are harmful to human being, what we can do to protect humanity, and how to scientifically quantify the risks and uncertainties.
(b) studies pertaining to environmental security, vulnerabilities, and technologies to counter such security challenges.
(c) pollution monitoring and sensing/detection using innovative platforms and internet of (every) thing.
(d) nexus of technologies, foresight tools and multi-criteria decisions support analysis and risk assessment to understand and bridge knowledge gaps
(e) policies, management issues, and resources management to enhance environmental sustainability.

Prof. Dr. Ashok Vaseashta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Environmental Sustainability
  • Environmental Safety
  • Environmental Security
  • Sustainable development
  • Ecosystem of Innovations
  • Technology Foresight
  • Ecological Chemistry
  • Pollution Monitoring
  • IoT in Sensing for Sustainable Management
  • Contamination Mitigation
  • Resources Management
  • Policy and Governance

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4691 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Durio zibethinus-Derived Biosorbents for Congo Red Removal from Aqueous Solution: Statistical Optimization, Isotherms and Mechanism Studies
by A. A. Oyekanmi, Akil Ahmad, Siti Hamidah Mohd Setapar, Mohammed B. Alshammari, Mohammad Jawaid, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, H. P. S. Abdul Khalil and Ashok Vaseashta
Sustainability 2021, 13(23), 13264; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313264 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 1936
Abstract
This investigation reports on the biosorption mechanism of Congo Red dyes (CR) in aqueous solution using acid-treated durian peels, prepared for this study. The biosorbent nature was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Brunaure-Emmet-Teller (BET). The [...] Read more.
This investigation reports on the biosorption mechanism of Congo Red dyes (CR) in aqueous solution using acid-treated durian peels, prepared for this study. The biosorbent nature was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Brunaure-Emmet-Teller (BET). The effect of process parameters within operational range of pH (2–9), contact time (10–200 min), initial concentration (25–400 mg g−1) and temperature (25–65 °C) for the optimum removal of CR dyes was investigated using central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM), and revealed that the optimum condition of biosorption was achieved around a pH of 5.5, contact time of 105 min at initial concentration of 212.5 mg L−1 within 45 °C temperature, which corresponds to 95.2% percent removal of CR. The experimental data fitted better to the second order polynomial model, with a correlation coefficient R2 value of 0.9917 and the Langmuir isotherm model with biosorption capacity of 107.52 mg g−1. Gibbs free energy indicated that the adsorption of CR dyes was spontaneous. The mechanism of the adsorption of CR dyes revealed that the biosorption of CR dyes investigated under different operational conditions show that under acidic pH, the adsorption efficiency of the acid treated durian peels is enhanced for the adsorption of CR dye molecules. Full article
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14 pages, 948 KiB  
Article
The Inter-Relationship between Innovation Capability and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of the External Environment
by Qinghua Fu, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad, Ubaldo Comite, Phung Anh Thu and József Popp
Sustainability 2021, 13(16), 9132; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169132 - 15 Aug 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3599
Abstract
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in a country’s economic growth and sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between innovation and the performance of SMEs. An external environmental factor acts as a moderating variable [...] Read more.
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in a country’s economic growth and sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between innovation and the performance of SMEs. An external environmental factor acts as a moderating variable between the exogenous and endogenous variables. Data were collected from 350 textile SMEs operating in Pakistan using a cross-sectional study design through self-administered questionnaires. Of these, only 335 surveys were valid for further analysis. The structural equational modeling technique was used for analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses that innovation and the external environment affect an SME’s performance. The results indicate a significant association between innovation and SME performance, and the external environment has a moderating impact on innovation and SME performance. This paper offers valuable recommendations to senior managers and owners of SMEs to consider the innovation and external environment as crucial factors when assessing their SME’s performance. This study contributes towards the body of knowledge on this subject and can help practitioners and researchers explore the effects of innovation and the external environment on the performance of SMEs. Full article
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16 pages, 6268 KiB  
Article
Novel Magnetic Nano Silica Synthesis Using Barley Husk Waste for Removing Petroleum from Polluted Water for Environmental Sustainability
by Evidence Akhayere, Ashok Vaseashta and Doga Kavaz
Sustainability 2020, 12(24), 10646; https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410646 - 19 Dec 2020
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 3160
Abstract
Water contamination by petroleum and its byproducts presents a major challenge worldwide. It is critical that sustainable treatment methods be employed for the removal of such contaminants from polluted water. For this investigation, magnetic nano silica (M-NS) was synthesized using agricultural waste from [...] Read more.
Water contamination by petroleum and its byproducts presents a major challenge worldwide. It is critical that sustainable treatment methods be employed for the removal of such contaminants from polluted water. For this investigation, magnetic nano silica (M-NS) was synthesized using agricultural waste from barley husk using a two-step process that is environmentally friendly and uses green chemistry synthesis. The barley husk waste was used as a precursor for the synthesis of nano-silica following a low energy and sustainable method of acid reflux and heat treatment. Nano-silica was then used for the synthesis of M-NS, with the addition of a magnetic solution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The magnetic nano-silica particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Zeta potential analysis (ZETA) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Magnetic nano-silica particles were observed to have an average diameter of 162 nm and appeared to be hydrophobic, with a large surface area of ~120 m2/gm. Due to these characteristics, magnetic nano-silica was used as an adsorbent for the removal of petrol contaminants from water. The experimental procedure showed that only 0.6 gm. of M-NS was used on 40 mg/L concentration of petroleum and the experiments recorded a high uptake efficiency of 85%. The sorption was shown to be an effective process since a high amount of petroleum was removed. The study further demonstrates that as the amount of sorbent is increased, the sorption capacity also increases until an equilibrium is reached. The results of this study establish that synthesis of M-NS, using environmentally sustainable processes, has the required characteristics to serve as sorbent for petroleum and its byproducts from contaminated water, thus enhancing environmental sustainability. Full article
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19 pages, 6610 KiB  
Article
Farmland Trace Metal Contamination and Management Model—Model Development and a Case Study in Central Taiwan
by Hsin-Yi Yang, Sheng-Kung Chen, Jiun-Shiuan Wang, Chih-Jen Lu and Hung-Yu Lai
Sustainability 2020, 12(23), 10066; https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310066 - 02 Dec 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1953
Abstract
In this study, the water quality of the irrigation system and concentration of trace metals in the sediments were combined to establish a farmland trace metal contamination and management model (FTM_CMM). The purpose of this model was to clarify the main sources of [...] Read more.
In this study, the water quality of the irrigation system and concentration of trace metals in the sediments were combined to establish a farmland trace metal contamination and management model (FTM_CMM). The purpose of this model was to clarify the main sources of the trace metals that have caused the contamination of paddy soil in central Taiwan. The results of the model simulation showed that the trace metals in the paddy soil mainly came from the irrigation water and especially from the sediments in the irrigation channels. The contribution of the sediments in the irrigation channel to the individual trace metals in the paddy soil ranged from 56% to 72% as the contributions for Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were 72%, 68%, 56%, and 62%, respectively. The trace metal species according to their concentration in the contaminated soil ranked in the order of Zn > Cr ≈ Cu > Ni, which is about the same as in the channel sediment. During the simulation process, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn exceeded the control standards for farmlands in the 18th, 12th, 13th, and 17th years, respectively. This highlights that, in addition to the management of irrigation water quality, the management of trace metal contaminated sediment in adjacent canal irrigation systems is also an important part of the prevention of trace metal contamination in farmland. Full article
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