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Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Tourism, Culture, and Heritage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 33507

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Strategic Management, Marketing and Tourism, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: tourism and hospitality; destination management; sustainability; entrepreneurship; family firms

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Guest Editor
Department of Strategic Management, Marketing and Tourism, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: innovation in tourism and hospitality; destination management; VFR

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Guest Editor
Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Interests: sustainable tourism; place branding; visitor experience; well-being
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, sustainable tourism development has increased researchers’ interest in studying tourism stakeholder behavior in tourism destinations. Simultaneously, global market dynamics have highlighted the demand for more emphasis on tourism stakeholder management. Stakeholders are of major importance for tourism destinations and play a decisive role in sustainable destination development. The past decades have seen a major shift from shareholder-participation towards stakeholder-orientation for organizing, managing, and governing destinations. These approaches have important implications for tourism, which constitutes a fragmented industry with diverse actors jointly providing holistic tourism experiences.

This Special Issue addresses the analyses of the stakeholders in tourism destinations from the supply- and demand-side perspectives, and of the layers of institutions, businesses, and entrepreneurs. It is observed that destination governance has shifted from focusing on powerful and elite stakeholders to a more holistic and open definition of other stakeholders. Previous research shows that stakeholder engagement fosters the legitimacy of destination governance, secures the efficiency of destination management, and contributes to the equality of participation and benefit distribution. Particularly, local residents constitute an important group of stakeholders, as they are the most knowledgeable about local history and culture, and are the best informed about local circumstances. Local residents, however, are less understood in terms of their role as stakeholders in destinations.

Yet, little research has explored the notion of stakeholder engagement in the context of leadership networks in destinations. In addition, small- and medium-sized enterprises in tourism, which are often family-owned and -managed, show special dynamics when co-creating tourist experiences and sustainability of tourism, especially when these enterprises are engaging with other stakeholders. Thus, many questions need to be addressed and more research is necessary in order to advance understanding of these knowledge areas.

Furthermore, stakeholder management can affect the wellbeing of communities and can foster innovations in both maturing and evolving tourism destinations. So far, processes of stakeholder management have been important for achieving sustainability in tourism destinations and for creating public acceptance for tourism through collaborative practices. In addition, digital technologies offer new possibilities to responsively engage and interact with stakeholders, and to advance concepts and processes of stakeholder management.

For this Special Issue in Sustainability, we invite colleagues who conduct research in the field of “Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations” to submit their research papers. We welcome research from a broad methodological background (e.g. conceptual, mixed methods, case studies), and invite researchers from all over the world to submit an abstract of up to 500 words by email to the editors of the Special Issue, who will provide feedback on suitability and acceptance. We particularly invite submissions from authors in developing and emerging economies, as well as research that focuses on destinations in these areas.

In this vein, we invite papers addressing issues related, the following but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Stakeholders’ role in sustainable tourism development
  • Stakeholder theories and models in tourism
  • Social theories and stakeholder relations
  • Stakeholder engagement under the blurring notion of the concept of stakeholders
  • Leadership of stakeholder networks
  • Management of tourism stakeholders
  • Linking governance and stakeholders in tourism
  • Local residents and communities as tourism stakeholders
  • Innovation, product development and stakeholders’ role and management
  • Quality of life as perceived by stakeholders in tourism destination

Prof. Dr. Mike Peters
Dr. Birgit Pikkemaat
Prof. Dr. Chung-Shing Chan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Stakeholders’ role in sustainable tourism development
  • Stakeholder theories and models in tourism
  • Social theories and stakeholder relations
  • Stakeholder engagement under the blurring notion of the concept of stakeholders
  • Leadership of stakeholder networks
  • Management of tourism stakeholders
  • Linking governance and stakeholders in tourism
  • Local residents and communities as tourism stakeholders
  • Innovation, product development, and stakeholders’ role and management
  • Quality of life as perceived by stakeholders in tourism destination

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 3831 KiB  
Article
The Living Lab as a Tool to Promote Residents’ Participation in Destination Governance
by Hannes Thees, Harald Pechlaner, Natalie Olbrich and Arne Schuhbert
Sustainability 2020, 12(3), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031120 - 4 Feb 2020
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 5984
Abstract
Growing numbers of tourist arrivals, in combination with community-centered tourism products, have fueled the recent debate on overtourism and a redefining of local steering processes. This has also called for the participation of residents in governance processes. One tool to utilize residents’ participation [...] Read more.
Growing numbers of tourist arrivals, in combination with community-centered tourism products, have fueled the recent debate on overtourism and a redefining of local steering processes. This has also called for the participation of residents in governance processes. One tool to utilize residents’ participation and cross-stakeholder involvement is the Living Lab (LL), which also functions as a medium for self-organization. This article tackles the research gap that exists in the combination of the LL mechanisms and destination governance (DG). Therefore, the research questions address the characteristics and mechanisms of LLs and the potential for residents’ participation. These efforts are operationalized through a systematic literature review (SLR) on LLs, which involves 40 articles. The transfer of the LL characteristics towards DG reveals that certain drivers and barriers exist when implementing the LL in the governance process, such as the combination of destination and city planning or the redefining of hierarchical structures. The SLR recommendations for future research are based on the interface of LL and DG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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16 pages, 252 KiB  
Article
Tourism Family-Business Owners’ Risk Perception: Its Impact on Destination Development
by Gundula Glowka and Anita Zehrer
Sustainability 2019, 11(24), 6992; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11246992 - 7 Dec 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3894
Abstract
In developing and sustaining tourism, destination management involves the coordination of various stakeholders, and theory suggests that securing sustainability, including stakeholder interests in decision-making and strategic planning is crucial. Therefore, understanding stakeholders’ interests and relationships is also essential. In the Austrian Alpine region, [...] Read more.
In developing and sustaining tourism, destination management involves the coordination of various stakeholders, and theory suggests that securing sustainability, including stakeholder interests in decision-making and strategic planning is crucial. Therefore, understanding stakeholders’ interests and relationships is also essential. In the Austrian Alpine region, small- and medium-sized family businesses offering tourism products dominate the rural tourism landscape. However, little research has been done on how these family firms contribute to shaping the destination’s future. Therefore, through guided interviews, this qualitative study examined family-business owners’ perceptions of risks for Austrian tourism destination development. Family firms externalized such risks as labor shortage as a structural issue and neglected their responsibility to attract employees by improving working conditions. Thus, the externalization of risks to other stakeholder groups prevented family firms’ proactive approach to sustainable destination development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
23 pages, 2285 KiB  
Article
Local Participation in Tourism Development—Roles of Non-Tourism Related Residents of the Alpine Destination Bad Reichenhall
by Markus Kantsperger, Hannes Thees and Christian Eckert
Sustainability 2019, 11(24), 6947; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11246947 - 5 Dec 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5821
Abstract
This study applies an adapted approach of the traditional view on local participation in tourism development. First, the study mainly focuses on exploring the patterns behind participation instead of the reasons for participation. Second, a case is chosen that transcends the interest in [...] Read more.
This study applies an adapted approach of the traditional view on local participation in tourism development. First, the study mainly focuses on exploring the patterns behind participation instead of the reasons for participation. Second, a case is chosen that transcends the interest in researching participation in developing countries. Third, the study focuses on non-tourism related residents, an under-researched group of stakeholders. It is thus investigated how non-tourism related residents face the process of participation in tourism development and what the main barriers and drivers are in this regard. To discuss this issue, the study takes a closer look at the case of Bad Reichenhall, an Alpine Destination in Germany. 15 qualitative interviews are conducted with non-tourism related residents and further evaluated through a qualitative content analysis. The results underline that tourism represents a public domain that concerns all stakeholders of a destination. The typology derived throughout the study reflects the heterogeneity of non-tourism related residents, coming up with four types of non-tourism related residents facing participation in tourism development rather differently. Various barriers and drivers are revealed that impact non-tourism related residents from both a personal and general point of view. Non-tourism related residents turn out as a promising and important target group in the discourse of stakeholder participation in tourism development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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28 pages, 1793 KiB  
Article
Perceptions and Role of Tourist Destination Residents Compared to Other Event Stakeholders in a Small-Scale Sports Event. The Case of the FIS World Junior Alpine Ski Championships 2019 in Val di Fassa
by Filippo Bazzanella
Sustainability 2019, 11(24), 6909; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11246909 - 4 Dec 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3273
Abstract
The role of stakeholders is critical in addressing challenges with or problems in small-scale sports events. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of the event stakeholders toward sports events, with a particular focus on the role of residents in [...] Read more.
The role of stakeholders is critical in addressing challenges with or problems in small-scale sports events. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of the event stakeholders toward sports events, with a particular focus on the role of residents in a tourist destination. The goal is to understand their perceptions with respect to different topics and in particular to the sustainable development of the tourist destination. This case study focuses on the World Junior Alpine Ski Championships 2019 in Trentino Val di Fassa—Italy (JWC2019). Applying a mixed methodology, the study analyzes the stakeholders during the sports event (quantitative method) and the point of view of the residents in their stakeholder role after the sports event (qualitative method). The main findings of this study show that residents differ from tourists and other stakeholders in terms of their perception of the event and its strengths. But when it comes to the perceptions regarding the territory, the groups of stakeholders analyzed do not seem to have systematically different opinions. Some paradoxes do, however, emerge with respect to the residents’ awareness of their role as stakeholders and the implications of the event with respect to sustainability and how such an event may underpin a concept of sustainable development for the territory as a whole. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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19 pages, 981 KiB  
Article
Collaborative Governance in Tourism: Empirical Insights into a Community-Oriented Destination
by Bernhard Fabian Bichler and Magdalena Lösch
Sustainability 2019, 11(23), 6673; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236673 - 26 Nov 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5670
Abstract
Governance offers valuable guidelines to steer and direct destinations. Recent tourism governance research has explored the role of multiple actors in governing destinations but has not comprehensively investigated the underlying collaborative governance (CG) processes such as face-to-face dialogue, trust-building, shared understanding, or supporting [...] Read more.
Governance offers valuable guidelines to steer and direct destinations. Recent tourism governance research has explored the role of multiple actors in governing destinations but has not comprehensively investigated the underlying collaborative governance (CG) processes such as face-to-face dialogue, trust-building, shared understanding, or supporting factors such as institutional setting or leadership. The objectives of this paper are to determine the drivers and barriers of CG in a community-oriented destination in South Tyrol (Italy). This aims to reveal the processes that drive collaboration between stakeholders. For this reason, the paper builds on a qualitative case study with 20 semi-structured interviews with key informants. The results highlight that destination leadership is an essential driver of CG. However, several barriers to CG emerged. First, the findings show that institutional transformation led to a lack of trust and increased insecurity. Second, the inclusion of salient actors such as residents in the decision-making and implementation phase is scarce. Third, our findings highlight that a shared understanding of future development directions is missing between stakeholders. The contribution of this paper is a refined assessment of CG in tourism with special attention to the role of leadership and institutional settings. The derived implications target the role of leadership to foster the development of a shared understanding and to embark on a collaborative learning process that provides visible and tangible outcomes in turbulent times. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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13 pages, 2600 KiB  
Article
Pairwise Voting to Rank Touristic Destinations Based on Preference Valuation
by Francisco E. Cabrera, Manuel Amaya, Gustavo Fabián Vaccaro Witt and José Ignacio Peláez
Sustainability 2019, 11(21), 5873; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215873 - 23 Oct 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2566
Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach for ranking tourist destinations based on the eigenvector method for pairwise voting (EMPV). The proposed approach relies solely on pairwise comparisons instead of direct-vote polling. The EMPV method was tested over a real-world case application to rank [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel approach for ranking tourist destinations based on the eigenvector method for pairwise voting (EMPV). The proposed approach relies solely on pairwise comparisons instead of direct-vote polling. The EMPV method was tested over a real-world case application to rank various tourist destinations in the Costa del Sol region, Spain, and its outcome was compared against a polling approach using a Likert-type scale. Results show that the EMPV and the Likert-based approach provided different rankings of preferred tourist destinations. Furthermore, both the EMPV and the Likert-based approaches shared the same preference patterns per ranking position, thus confirming that the reported predilection of the tourist is independent of the measurement approach. Finally, results show that the ranking produced by the EMPV methodology was highly related to the real number of visitors of the Costa del Sol tourist destinations, surpassing the Likert-based approach in both ordering and value similarities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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18 pages, 1296 KiB  
Article
Residents’ Satisfaction with Tourism and the European Tourism Indicator System in South Sardinia
by Ilaria Foroni, Patrizia Modica and Mariangela Zenga
Sustainability 2019, 11(8), 2243; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082243 - 15 Apr 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3654
Abstract
To make sustainable tourism a more concrete and operational concept, many sets of indicators have been proposed by both academics and policy makers. Among the latter, the European Tourism Indicator System (ETIS) was launched by the European Commission to monitor tourist destinations at [...] Read more.
To make sustainable tourism a more concrete and operational concept, many sets of indicators have been proposed by both academics and policy makers. Among the latter, the European Tourism Indicator System (ETIS) was launched by the European Commission to monitor tourist destinations at a subnational level. To evaluate the social impact of tourism, the ETIS recommended the administration of a proposed questionnaire to the local residents. We conducted the survey administration of the ETIS questionnaire in an Italian seaside resort. In this paper, we report the main outcomes of the survey and propose their interpretation within the context of some of the theoretical frameworks described in the academic literature referring to the relationship between tourism and host communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stakeholder Management in Tourism Destinations)
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