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Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?
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Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Tourism, Culture, and Heritage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 18296

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cláudia Seabra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department Geography and Tourism, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Arts & Humanities and CEGOT - Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning, Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: safety in tourism; terrorism and tourism; consumer behavior in tourism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fabio Carbone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Business and Law, Coventry University, Coventry CV1, UK
Interests: cultural heritage management; intercultural dialogue; tourism and peace

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, the tourism industry is facing more challenges than ever before. As a global activity, tourism is impacted by global risks, especially those related to safety (Isaac & Velden, 2018). As tourists, we pursue positive and exciting experiences that do not have risks (Seabra, Dolnicar, Abrantes, & Kastenholz, 2013). From this perspective, safety and stability are key factors for the development of the tourism industry (Almuhrzi, Scott, & Alroiyami, 2017). In recent decades, several disruptive events such as terrorist attacks, pandemics, wars and armed conflicts and political, social and economical turmoil have caused anxiety and fear and have posed threats among tourists, negatively impacting the demand for tourism (Seabra et al., 2020). Following the global pandemic that halted mobility and tourism as never seen before due to travel restrictions, the war in Europe and the sanctions to Russia are affecting tourism flows the most in the tourism market, and these effects are also being seen worldwide (WTO, 2022).

This Special Issue focuses on the debate of crises in tourism, resilience and sustainable solutions, addressing a broad set of questions, including aspects related to tourism planning, management and marketing in a time when the tourism industry is facing several disruptive events that are generating crises as never seen before. The analysis of the impacts of tourism crises and the strategies for recovery in order to achieve a more resilient industry are also considered in this Special Issue. Several perspectives on this debate  are welcomed: i) quantitative and qualitative research, ii) conceptual and empirical articles, iii) discussions focusing on the economic, social, cultural, environmental and technological aspects of the sustainable development of tourism, iv) debates on policies and strategies to recover from crises along with other relevant analyses or problems can be addressed. In this Special Issue, we are seeking research from different disciplines, perspectives and methodologies that search for answers in developing a tourism industry that is more resilient and sustainable in the face of the serious challenges that negative events bring to this industry:

  • Social challenges of tourism crises: the relationship between tourism and residents; migrations and impacts in tourism destinations; social perceptions on the wars and conflicts; solidarity tourism.
  • Cultural challenges of tourism crises: cultural shocks; heritage in danger by armed conflicts; culture as a war weapon; cultural identity in times of crises.
  • Economic challenges of tourism crises: impacts of crises in tourism industry; economy as a war weapon; economic responses to recover tourism industry.
  • Environmental challenges of tourism crises: environmental crises provoked by tourism activity; environment as a crucial asset to tourism industry; environmental crises impacting tourism industry.
  • Technological challenges of tourism crises: technological solutions to tourism crises; technology crisis impacting tourism industry.

Dr. Claudia Seabra
Dr. Fabio Carbone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 1775 KiB  
Article
Tourist Experience Challenges: A Holistic Approach
by Virginica Rusu, Cristian Rusu, Nicolás Matus and Federico Botella
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 12765; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712765 - 23 Aug 2023
Viewed by 2145
Abstract
Tourist experience (TX) has been covered by many studies. However, a consensus on the topic still needs to be reached in terms of its dimensions, factors, evaluation methods, and evaluation models. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic severely affected the tourism sector, and the post-pandemic [...] Read more.
Tourist experience (TX) has been covered by many studies. However, a consensus on the topic still needs to be reached in terms of its dimensions, factors, evaluation methods, and evaluation models. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic severely affected the tourism sector, and the post-pandemic era could bring about new challenges and opportunities, such as the growing awareness of the need for greener, more sustainable, and more balanced tourism. In this study, we consider TX a particular case of customer experience (CX) and an extension of the user experience (UX) concept. We conducted a systematic literature review addressing the concept of TX and reviewing articles published from 2012 to April 2023, indexed in two significant and relevant databases (Web of Sciences and Science Direct). We addressed research questions concerning (1) TX definition; (2) TX dimensions, attributes, and factors; (3) methods used to evaluate TX; and (4) the post-pandemic TX. We selected and thoroughly analyzed 167 articles. We analyze the TX concept, models, evaluation, and the post-pandemic context. We propose a holistic definition of TX and recommend ways to achieve its better analysis. Lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic may be helpful when dealing with future challenges and crises. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?)
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20 pages, 825 KiB  
Article
Learning from Failure: Building Resilience in Small- and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises, the Role of Servant Leadership and Transparent Communication
by Ibrahim A. Elshaer and Samar K. Saad
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 15199; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215199 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2391
Abstract
Understanding how small- and medium-sized enterprises develop and foster resilience in their employees is critical to better adapt to and recover from challenges. Yet, how such a process is conducted is not well-understood in literature. Integrating the literature from the social exchange theory [...] Read more.
Understanding how small- and medium-sized enterprises develop and foster resilience in their employees is critical to better adapt to and recover from challenges. Yet, how such a process is conducted is not well-understood in literature. Integrating the literature from the social exchange theory and the disaster resilience framework, this research examines the effects of servant leadership (SL) and transparent communication (TC) on employees’ capacity for resilience (learning from failure, hardiness, and optimism) and their adaptive performance during/post the COVID-19 crisis. A total of 880 employees in restaurants and travel agencies were surveyed. The results reveal that the effects of SL and TC on employees’ adaptive performance was fully mediated by employees’ capacity for resilience, specifically learning from failure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?)
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23 pages, 9264 KiB  
Article
COVID Crisis and Tourism Sustainability: An Insightful Bibliometric Analysis
by Ketan Bhatt, Claudia Seabra, Sunil Kumar Kabia, Kumar Ashutosh and Amit Gangotia
Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 12151; https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912151 - 26 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1953
Abstract
The pernicious impact of COVID-19 on all the aspects of travel and tourism has posed a question of tourism sustainability before policymakers and researchers. This research aims to cast light on the bibliometric construct and knowledge structure of the contemporaneous research that evolved [...] Read more.
The pernicious impact of COVID-19 on all the aspects of travel and tourism has posed a question of tourism sustainability before policymakers and researchers. This research aims to cast light on the bibliometric construct and knowledge structure of the contemporaneous research that evolved around tourism sustainability amid COVID-19. Bibliometric methods of performance analysis and science mapping were used to analyze a total of 440 bibliographic records retrieved from the Scopus database. The major findings showed sustainability as a trending area of tourism research amid COVID-19 and revealed the concentration of research in three prime domains: Management and sustainable development of tourism, environmental health, and mobility trends in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. These areas may be perceived as the recent domains, and they are imperative for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?)
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14 pages, 1014 KiB  
Article
Tourism Sustainability and COVID-19 Pandemic: Is There a Positive Side?
by Cláudia Seabra and Ketan Bhatt
Sustainability 2022, 14(14), 8723; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148723 - 16 Jul 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 8479
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc on the tourism industry like never before, resulting in massive losses of revenue and jobs around the world. Accordingly, the pandemic exacerbated the already existing sustainability challenges of the tourism industry. However, there is also a positive [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc on the tourism industry like never before, resulting in massive losses of revenue and jobs around the world. Accordingly, the pandemic exacerbated the already existing sustainability challenges of the tourism industry. However, there is also a positive side of the pandemic which is often overlooked by international scholarship. Thus, the present study aims to review the extant literature in the area of COVID-19 and the tourism industry’s sustainability and resilience in future crises. Through a synthesis of secondary data, it was possible to bring attention to the negative as well as the positive effects of COVID-19 on the global tourism industry. This article contributed to a better understanding of the positive side of the pandemic in terms of rethinking, resetting, and redefining the industry in a more sustainable way. The study lays out a conceptual framework for tourism managers and destination planners to identify the pandemic as an opportunity and adopt sustainable solutions to deal with the post-pandemic challenges, thereby developing more sustainable and resilient tourism businesses and destinations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?)
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16 pages, 1566 KiB  
Article
Contrasting the COVID-19 Effects on Tourism Safety Perceptions and Coping Behavior among Young People during Two Pandemic Waves: Evidence from Egypt
by Ana Maria Caldeira, Cláudia Seabra and Miral Sabry AlAshry
Sustainability 2022, 14(12), 7492; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127492 - 20 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1973
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on tourism safety perceptions, acceptance of restrictions, and the intention to change behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic among young people. Taking Egypt as a case study, a total of 386 respondents [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on tourism safety perceptions, acceptance of restrictions, and the intention to change behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic among young people. Taking Egypt as a case study, a total of 386 respondents were surveyed in two different pandemic periods, with data being collected during the first wave, in April and May 2020, and during the second wave, in December 2020 and January 2021. Data was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with multigroup analysis (MGA). Results reveal significant differences between the first and the second coronavirus waves regarding the effects of perceived risk. Findings point to the heightened potential of the youth market segment in the current context and suggest that youngsters’ adaptive coping responses evolved towards self-regulatory behavior. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications are drawn. Conceptually, the study has contributed to the clarification of the desensitization process experienced by youth over time, in the post-pandemic tourism context. Additionally, the activities’ safety perceptions being examined per se enlightened the relationship between risk susceptibility, safety perceptions, and coping attitudes and behavior. Findings suggest that special attention should be paid to crowded group settings, such as youth events, advising that authorities and tourism services should target their communication to different population segments and use appropriate safety messaging according to the evolution of health crises. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism in Times of Crisis—Is There a Sustainable Future?)
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