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Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility
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Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Transportation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 9031

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Péter Tamás

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Control for Transportation and Vehicle Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: the mathematical analysis and optimal control of large-scale road traffic networks; research of stochastic vehicle dynamics, road traffic and logistic models and their applications; equivalence classes of vehicle vibration systems; non-linear stochastic dynamical systems, mathematical modeling, analysis and optimization; computer mathematics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ensuring sustainable urban mobility—which requires a state-of-the-art control system—is a very important area today.

The aim of this Special Issue is to support this goal as widely and with as many excellent innovation solutions as possible, and we hope that it will contain a range of excellent theoretical and experimental research.

Due to the implementations in this field, it is very useful to produce publications which are as detailed as possible on theoretical and experimental research, and we hope to do so in this Special Issue. These research works may include:

  1. New calculation or experimental methods for Sustainable Urban Mobility.
  2. Integrated approaches that include full experimental and methodological detail.
  3. Systems theory or analysis methods.
  4. Special problems with transport network traffic. For example, the following are those that also help to offer solutions in certain areas and thus contribute to sustainable urban mobility:
  • At the province level, optimization of road vehicle traffic management and strategies;
  • Examination of optimum criteria for traffic loads to reduce environmental loads (emissions, noise, vibrations, dynamic effects);
  • Examination and evaluation of complex criteria;
  • Writing new mathematical transport models, and their applications;
  • Research, demonstration and application of new surface transport measurement methods;
  • Options for optimal control based on fast image processing;
  • The impact of a given environment and environmental parameters on road traffic and its repercussions, on the environment;
  • Analysis of environmental parameters and their effect on the velocity–density functions of road vehicle processes and applying them to traffic optimization.

Dr. Péter Tamás
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4673 KiB  
Article
Variable Speed Limit Control for the Motorway–Urban Merging Bottlenecks Using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
by Xuan Fang, Tamás Péter and Tamás Tettamanti
Sustainability 2023, 15(14), 11464; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411464 - 24 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1108
Abstract
Traffic congestion is a typical phenomenon when motorways meet urban road networks. At this special location, the weaving area is a recurrent traffic bottleneck. Numerous research activities have been conducted to improve traffic efficiency and sustainability at bottleneck areas. Variable speed limit control [...] Read more.
Traffic congestion is a typical phenomenon when motorways meet urban road networks. At this special location, the weaving area is a recurrent traffic bottleneck. Numerous research activities have been conducted to improve traffic efficiency and sustainability at bottleneck areas. Variable speed limit control (VSL) is one of the effective control strategies. The primary objective of this paper is twofold. On the one hand, turbulent traffic flow is to be smoothed on the special weaving area of motorways and urban roads using VSL control. On the other hand, another control method is provided to tackle the carbon dioxide emission problem over the network. For both control methods, a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm is used (MAPPO: multi-agent proximal policy optimization). The VSL control framework utilizes the real-time traffic state and the speed limit value in the last control step as the input of the optimization algorithm. Two reward functions are constructed to guide the algorithm to output the value of the dynamic speed limit enforced within the VSL control area. The effectiveness of the proposed control framework is verified via microscopic traffic simulation using simulation of urban mobility (SUMO). The results show that the proposed control method could shape a more homogeneous traffic flow, and reduces the total waiting time over the network by 15.8%. In the case of the carbon dioxide minimization strategy, the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced by 10.79% in the recurrent bottleneck area caused by the transition from motorways to urban roads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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13 pages, 2155 KiB  
Article
Emission Quantification for Sustainable Heavy-Duty Transportation
by Norbert Biró and Péter Kiss
Sustainability 2023, 15(9), 7483; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097483 - 02 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1802
Abstract
Vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines (ICE) are major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Alternatives such as electric, hydrogen fuel cell and biofuel-based propulsions are being considered as a replacement for the well-established ICE vehicles to reduce [...] Read more.
Vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines (ICE) are major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Alternatives such as electric, hydrogen fuel cell and biofuel-based propulsions are being considered as a replacement for the well-established ICE vehicles to reduce GHG emissions and provide sustainable transportation. This paper will compare various heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) propulsion combinations using a well-to-wheel (WTW) analysis, separated into two parts: Well-to-Tank (WTT) and Tank-to-Wheel (TTW). The WTW analysis of ICE HDV is based on a Euro VI heavy-duty test engine coupled to an engine dynamometer. The energy consumption and GHG emissions are measured, not estimated, providing a closer to real-life comparison. The paper will provide a detailed comparison of alternative propulsions to the internal combustion engine based on WTW analysis. Final results suggest, even with the EU’s fairly fossil energy carrier-dependent energy mix, the usage of electric propulsion systems can reach up to 56% of GHG emission cut compared to conventional ICE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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18 pages, 7538 KiB  
Article
Disaster Risk Assessment Scheme—A Road System Survey for Budapest
by Tibor Sipos, Zsombor Szabó, Mohammed Obaid and Árpád Török
Sustainability 2023, 15(8), 6777; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086777 - 17 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1378
Abstract
This study presents a method to analyze the most critical elements of the public road system concerning outer effects which hinder the normal operation of the whole system. The surveyed public road network in Budapest, Hungary is studied as a graph: Dijkstra’s algorithm [...] Read more.
This study presents a method to analyze the most critical elements of the public road system concerning outer effects which hinder the normal operation of the whole system. The surveyed public road network in Budapest, Hungary is studied as a graph: Dijkstra’s algorithm is applied to find the shortest path, and the Boykov-Kolmogorov method is used to calculate the maximum flow of the network. Those elements are identified whose damage can critically influence the operation of the network, and where the infrastructure available for rescue teams has a bottleneck. Finally, the Wilcoxon post hoc test was applied with Bonferroni correction. The tests have proven that the new method can successfully identify the critical vulnerabilities of the network to determine its weak points by considering reduced road capacities and the increased needs for transportation arising due to a disaster. This pilot study confirmed that after the elimination of the problems in statistical methods, the new framework can robustly identify those road network elements whose development is of key importance from a disaster management perspective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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13 pages, 1786 KiB  
Article
Nature-Inspired Cloud–Crowd Computing for Intelligent Transportation System
by Vandana Singh, Sudip Kumar Sahana and Vandana Bhattacharjee
Sustainability 2022, 14(23), 16322; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316322 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1972
Abstract
Nowadays, it is crucial to have effective road traffic signal timing, especially in an ideal traffic light cycle. This problem can be resolved with modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud and crowd computing. We hereby present a functional model named Cloud–Crowd Computing-based [...] Read more.
Nowadays, it is crucial to have effective road traffic signal timing, especially in an ideal traffic light cycle. This problem can be resolved with modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud and crowd computing. We hereby present a functional model named Cloud–Crowd Computing-based Intelligent Transportation System (CCCITS). This model aims to organize traffic by changing the phase of traffic lights in real-time based on road conditions and incidental crowdsourcing sentiment. Crowd computing is responsible for fine-tuning the system with feedback. In contrast, the cloud is responsible for the computation, which can use AI to secure efficient and effective paths for users. As a result of its installation, traffic management becomes more efficient, and traffic lights change dynamically depending on the traffic volume at the junction. The cloud medium collects updates about mishaps through the crowd computing system and incorporates updates to refine the model. It is observed that nature-inspired algorithms are very useful in solving complex transportation problems and can deal with NP-hard situations efficiently. To establish the feasibility of CCCITS, the SUMO simulation environment was used with nature-inspired algorithms (NIA), namely, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization and Genetic Algorithm (GA), and found satisfactory results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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15 pages, 1846 KiB  
Article
Efficiency Assessment of New Signal Timing in Saudi Arabia Implementing Flashing Green Interval Complimented with Law Enforcement Cameras
by Mohammed Saleh Alfawzan and Ahmad Aftab
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 14879; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214879 - 10 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1971
Abstract
Traffic congestion at intersection is one of the significant socioeconomic concerns worldwide. To tackle this challenge, researchers and practitioners are researching and executing different plans to control and manage long queues and delays. The general department of traffic in Saudi Arabia has implemented [...] Read more.
Traffic congestion at intersection is one of the significant socioeconomic concerns worldwide. To tackle this challenge, researchers and practitioners are researching and executing different plans to control and manage long queues and delays. The general department of traffic in Saudi Arabia has implemented a new signal timing pattern in a number of signalized intersections that were designed with an additional flashing green phase complemented with law enforcement cameras (SAHER) to improve the capacity and safety of signalized intersections. This research aims to evaluate the impact of flashing green intervals on driver behavior and traffic efficiency of five signalized urban intersections equipped with SAHER in the Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Analyses for the current situation (base scenario) and proposed scenarios (without SAHER) are performed and validated using the microsimulation model (VISSIM) with field collected data at the selected intersections. The results showed that, despite fewer improvements in vehicle delays, the intersections without SAHER and flashing green intervals yield shorter queue lengths than the intersections with SAHER and flashing green intervals. Further, it was also revealed that drivers tend to stop early and start late in the case of SAHER due to fear of red light fines, thus not utilizing the full green split and yellow time. Analysis for the average vehicle delay and queue lengths is also conducted to assess the efficacy of implemented green light flashing with SAHER on driver behavior and operational efficiency of the selected intersections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control System for Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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