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Optical Network and Optical Communication Technology with Sensors
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Optical Network and Optical Communication Technology with Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2023) | Viewed by 5994

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Danshi Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: optical fiber communication and network; optical performance monitoring; artificial intelligence; digital twin; blockchain; failure management; scientific computing; physics-informed machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Min Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: optical fibers telecommunications; optical wireless; sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zhiguo Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: fiber sensor technologies; advanced optical communication systems and networks; convergent broadband multiservice-access communication systems; optical signal processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the advantages of high bandwidth, low loss, and strong anti-interference, optical communications and networks are the key technologies to realize large-capacity and long-haul data transmission in the big data era. Ensuring stable operation as well as the efficient and intelligent management of optical communication systems is significant and indispensable. However, optical communications and networks are developing rapidly in the directions of hardware resource diversification, transmission system flexibility, and network function virtualization. Moreover, due to the complex deployment environments and wide range of coverage, the existing optical communication systems encounter severe challenges in accurate monitoring, dynamic detection, real-time measurement, and smart control.

With the rapid development of sensors, applications of sensor have been spread in various areas, as well as in optical communcaitons and optical networks. Facing the above challenges, sensor techniques have the potential to develop more powerful capabilities of monitoring, detection, measurement, identification, perception, and collection in both physical layers and network layers of optical communications.

This Special Issue seeks innovative works on a wide range of research topics,spanning both theoretical and systems research, including all types and applications of sensors in optical communications and optical networks from both the persptives of industry and academia.

Dr. Danshi Wang
Prof. Dr. Min Zhang
Prof. Dr. Zhiguo Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical sensors
  • optical sensor networks
  • optical performance monitoring
  • optical equipment state monitoring
  • optical layer failure detection and location
  • optical measurement for optical communication
  • physical impairment identification
  • netwrok operation state perception
  • massive data collection for digital twin optical networks
  • AI-assisted optical sensors
  • optical sensor
  • optical communications and networks
  • optical monitoring
  • optical detection
  • data collection
  • failure mangement

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2363 KiB  
Article
Optical Systems Identification through Rayleigh Backscattering
by Pantea Nadimi Goki, Thomas Teferi Mulugeta, Roberto Caldelli and Luca Potì
Sensors 2023, 23(11), 5269; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115269 - 1 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1264
Abstract
We introduce a technique to generate and read the digital signature of the networks, channels, and optical devices that possess the fiber-optic pigtails to enhance physical layer security (PLS). Attributing a signature to the networks or devices eases the identification and authentication of [...] Read more.
We introduce a technique to generate and read the digital signature of the networks, channels, and optical devices that possess the fiber-optic pigtails to enhance physical layer security (PLS). Attributing a signature to the networks or devices eases the identification and authentication of networks and systems thus reducing their vulnerability to physical and digital attacks. The signatures are generated using an optical physical unclonable function (OPUF). Considering that OPUFs are established as the most potent anti-counterfeiting tool, the created signatures are robust against malicious attacks such as tampering and cyber attacks. We investigate Rayleigh backscattering signal (RBS) as a strong OPUF to generate reliable signatures. Contrary to other OPUFs that must be fabricated, the RBS-based OPUF is an inherent feature of fibers and can be easily obtained using optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). We evaluate the security of the generated signatures in terms of their robustness against prediction and cloning. We demonstrate the robustness of signatures against digital and physical attacks confirming the unpredictability and unclonability features of the generated signatures. We explore signature cyber security by considering the random structure of the produced signatures. To demonstrate signature reproducibility through repeated measurements, we simulate the signature of a system by adding a random Gaussian white noise to the signal. This model is proposed to address services including security, authentication, identification, and monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Network and Optical Communication Technology with Sensors)
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35 pages, 9876 KiB  
Article
Three-Phase Handover Management and Access Point Transition Scheme for Dynamic Load Balancing in Hybrid LiFi/WiFi Networks
by Sallar Salam Murad, Salman Yussof, Wahidah Hashim and Rozin Badeel
Sensors 2022, 22(19), 7583; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197583 - 6 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1809
Abstract
Since LiFi and WiFi do not interfere with one another, a LiFi/WiFi hybrid network may provide superior performance to existing wireless options. With a large number of users and constant changes, a network can easily become overloaded, leading to slowdowns and fluctuations in [...] Read more.
Since LiFi and WiFi do not interfere with one another, a LiFi/WiFi hybrid network may provide superior performance to existing wireless options. With a large number of users and constant changes, a network can easily become overloaded, leading to slowdowns and fluctuations in data transfer speeds. Handover (HO) increases significantly with an increase in users, which can negatively impact system performance and quality of service (QoS) due to connection loss and/or delay. Innovative three-phase handover management and AP transition (TPHM-APT) is proposed with the goals of maintaining a steady link with reduced HOs for all connected users, meeting high per-user data rates, and having low outage performance. The proposed scheme primarily focuses on reducing the total number of HOs, which improves reliability and keeps user densities low on individual LiFi APs, which conserves bandwidth and energy. Conventional methods of HO management and user assignment, such as those based on signal strength strategy (SSS), involve reallocating users to a different AP the moment they encounter a HO. Our technique consists of three stages that focus on the optical gain, the incidence angle of the receiver FOV, and user mobility speed for decision-making. Specifically, a data rate threshold (DRT), which is equivalent to the data rate gained from the optical gain, is used to determine whether users must be served by a LiFi or a WiFi AP. In addition, an incidence angle threshold (IAT) is identified to manage the handover process and user AP transition with the consideration of the user mobility threshold (UMT). The proposed method considers load balancing (LB) among all connected users as well. This approach is evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations with MATLAB. Mathematical expressions are derived to analyze the performance of the proposed method. Different aspects, for example, Outage Probability, HO Overhead, User density, System Average Throughput (SAT), and Average Data Rate Requirement (ADRR), are studied. Analysis shows performance gains in overall system performance in terms of system data rates, fairness, and HO rates. Simulation results show that against the standard HO scheme and traditional HO skipping and APA methods, the proposed scheme can effectively decrease HO rates, save LiFi resources, and increase user throughput. It also shows good correspondence to the analysis and reveals the associated trade-offs that occur when moving between the span of narrow to wide FOVs and vice versa (HO rates and APS). The proposed scheme achieves almost identical results for low-density and high-density systems as well, with different ADRR and HO overhead values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Network and Optical Communication Technology with Sensors)
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12 pages, 5012 KiB  
Article
Bi-LSTM-Augmented Deep Neural Network for Multi-Gbps VCSEL-Based Visible Light Communication Link
by Seoyeon Oh, Minseok Yu, Seonghyeon Cho, Song Noh and Hyunchae Chun
Sensors 2022, 22(11), 4145; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22114145 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2253
Abstract
With the remarkable advances in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in recent decades, VCSELs have been considered promising light sources in the field of optical wireless communications. However, off-the-shelf VCSELs still have a limited modulation bandwidth to meet the multi-Gb/s data rate requirements imposed [...] Read more.
With the remarkable advances in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in recent decades, VCSELs have been considered promising light sources in the field of optical wireless communications. However, off-the-shelf VCSELs still have a limited modulation bandwidth to meet the multi-Gb/s data rate requirements imposed on the next-generation wireless communication system. Recently, employing machine learning (ML) techniques as a method to tackle such issues has been intriguing for researchers in wireless communication. In this work, through a systematic analysis, it is shown that the ML technique is also very effective in VCSEL-based visible light communication. Using a commercial VCSEL and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM)-based ML scheme, a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) link with a data rate of 13.5 Gbps is demonstrated, which is the fastest single channel result from a cost-effective, off-the-shelf VCSEL device, to the best of the authors’ knowledge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Network and Optical Communication Technology with Sensors)
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