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Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications
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Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 August 2021) | Viewed by 19672

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Antonio Jesus Torralba Silgado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, ETS Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain
Interests: integrated circuits; analog and mixed signal; RF circuits; low power; wireless sensor networks
Dr. Clara Isabel Luján Martínez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
Interests: analog and mixed signal; low power; low voltage microelectronics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evolution of semiconductor technology has led to the integration of increasingly complex circuits and systems. In this way, not only is an increase in the signal processing capacity possible, but also, the sensor and the signal adaptation and communication circuits can be integrated into a single chip.

One of the main driving forces behind this trend is the so-called Internet of Things, which has a significant impact on numerous fields of application, including the automotive industry, medicine and health, advanced instrumentation, fabrication, and manufacturing.

The integration of these complex systems into a single chip poses important challenges as a result of the requirements that arise in each functional block. As an example, digital circuits benefit from a decrease in the supply voltage to increase speed and lower energy consumption, but analog circuits usually worsen their performances. This is also the case of many sensors which require high voltage supply. As a consequence, different design domains are maintained within the same chip, and smart blocks are designed to ensure not only proper interconnection between them, but also appropriate voltage and power management.

This special issue requests original research in the use of integrated circuits, systems, and sensors and their applications. Authors are encouraged to submit original research articles, work in progress or surveys that show how they address those issues related to the integration of different design domains using modern CMOS technologies in different fields of application. The application of integrated circuits, system, and sensors is welcome, covering, among others:

  • Sensors and interfaces;
  • Signal adaptation and conversion circuits;
  • Voltage and power management for integrated sensors;
  • Low voltage and low power analog and mixed signal circuit design techniques for integrated sensors;
  • Analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing blocks.

Prof. Antonio Jesus Torralba Silgado
Dr. Clara Isabel Luján Martínez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sensors and interfaces
  • analog and mixed signal
  • RF circuits
  • low power
  • integrated sensors

Published Papers (6 papers)

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18 pages, 4801 KiB  
Article
Dual Piezoelectric Energy Investing and Harvesting Interface for High-Voltage Input
by Muhammad Bilawal Khan, Hassan Saif, Kyoungho Lee and Yoonmyung Lee
Sensors 2021, 21(7), 2357; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21072357 - 28 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2307
Abstract
A novel harvesting interface for multiple piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) is proposed for high-voltage energy harvesting. Pre-biasing a PZT prior to its mechanical deformation increases its damping force, resulting in higher energy extraction. Unlike the conventional harvesters where a PZT-generated output is assumed to [...] Read more.
A novel harvesting interface for multiple piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) is proposed for high-voltage energy harvesting. Pre-biasing a PZT prior to its mechanical deformation increases its damping force, resulting in higher energy extraction. Unlike the conventional harvesters where a PZT-generated output is assumed to be continuous sinusoidal and output polarity is assumed to be alternating every cycle, PZT-generated output from human motion is expected to be random. Therefore, in the proposed approach, energy is invested to the PZT only when PZT deformation is detected. Upon the motion detection, energy stored at a storage capacitor (CSTOR) from earlier energy harvesting cycle is invested to pre-bias PZT, enhancing energy extraction. The harvested energy is transferred to back CSTOR for energy investment on the next cycle and then excess energy is transferred to the battery. In addition, partial electric charge extraction (PECE) is adapted to extract a partial amount of charges from the PZT every time its voltage approaches the process limit of 40 V. Simulations with 0.35 µm BCD process show 7.61× (with PECE only) and 8.38× (with PECE and energy investment) improvement compared to the conventional rectifier-based harvesting scheme Proposed harvesting interface successfully harvests energy from excitations with open-circuit voltages up to 100 V. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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10 pages, 2092 KiB  
Communication
Nano-Interstice Driven Powerless Blood Plasma Extraction in a Membrane Filter Integrated Microfluidic Device
by Jaehoon Kim, Junghyo Yoon, Jae-Yeong Byun, Hyunho Kim, Sewoon Han, Junghyun Kim, Jeong Hoon Lee, Han-Sang Jo and Seok Chung
Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041366 - 15 Feb 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3542
Abstract
Blood plasma is a source of biomarkers in blood and a simple, fast, and easy extraction method is highly required for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. This paper proposes a membrane filter integrated microfluidic device to extract blood plasma from whole blood, without any [...] Read more.
Blood plasma is a source of biomarkers in blood and a simple, fast, and easy extraction method is highly required for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. This paper proposes a membrane filter integrated microfluidic device to extract blood plasma from whole blood, without any external instrumentation. A commercially available membrane filter was integrated with a newly designed dual-cover microfluidic device to avoid leakage of the extracted plasma and remaining blood cells. Nano-interstices installed on both sides of the microfluidic channels actively draw the extracted plasma from the membrane. The developed device successfully supplied 20 μL of extracted plasma with a high extraction yield (~45%) in 16 min. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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20 pages, 6169 KiB  
Article
Low-Power Voltage Transformer Smart Frequency Modeling and Output Prediction up to 2.5 kHz, Using Sinc-Response Approach
by Abbas Ghaderi, Alessandro Mingotti, Lorenzo Peretto and Roberto Tinarelli
Sensors 2020, 20(17), 4889; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174889 - 29 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2899
Abstract
The instrument transformers scenario is moving towards the adoption of a new generation of low-power instrument transformers. This disruptive change also requires that the modeling, characterization, and testing of those devices must be improved. Therefore, this study focuses on a smart approach developed [...] Read more.
The instrument transformers scenario is moving towards the adoption of a new generation of low-power instrument transformers. This disruptive change also requires that the modeling, characterization, and testing of those devices must be improved. Therefore, this study focuses on a smart approach developed by the authors in a previous study to estimate the output of low-power voltage transformers (LPVT). The approach—which is based on a sort of modeling in the frequency domain (the so-called sinc-response)—allows obtaining the behavior of the LPVT at rated and distorted conditions. Experimental tests performed on off-the-shelf devices confirm the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach when estimating the output response of LPVTs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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17 pages, 2035 KiB  
Article
Single-Event Transients in an IEEE 802.15.4 RF Receiver for Wireless Sensor Networks
by Sergio Mateos-Angulo, Javier del Pino, Daniel Mayor-Duarte, Mario San-Miguel-Montesdeoca and Sunil L. Khemchandani
Sensors 2020, 20(16), 4399; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164399 - 6 Aug 2020
Viewed by 2485
Abstract
This paper presents a procedure to analyse the effects of radiation in an IEEE 802.15.4 RF receiver for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Specifically, single-event transients (SETs) represent one of the greatest threats to the adequate performance of electronic communication devices in high-radiation environments. [...] Read more.
This paper presents a procedure to analyse the effects of radiation in an IEEE 802.15.4 RF receiver for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Specifically, single-event transients (SETs) represent one of the greatest threats to the adequate performance of electronic communication devices in high-radiation environments. The proposed procedure consists in injecting current pulses in sensitive nodes of the receiver and analysing how they propagate through the different circuits that form the receiver. In order to perform this analysis, a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) low-IF receiver has been designed using a 0.18 μm technology from the foundry UMC. In order to analyse the effect of single-event transients in this receiver, it has been studied how current pulses generated in the low-noise amplifier propagate down the receiver chain. The effect of the different circuits that form the receiver on this kind of pulse has been studied prior to the analysis of the complete receiver. First, the effect of SETs in low-noise amplifiers was analysed. Then, the propagation of pulses through mixers was studied. The effect of filters in the analysed current pulses has also been studied. Regarding the analysis of the designed RF receiver, an amplitude and phase shift was observed under the presence of SETs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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20 pages, 5736 KiB  
Article
IMPEC: An Integrated System for Monitoring and Processing Electricity Consumption in Buildings
by Mohamed Aymane Ahajjam, Daniel Bonilla Licea, Mounir Ghogho and Abdellatif Kobbane
Sensors 2020, 20(4), 1048; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041048 - 14 Feb 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3947
Abstract
Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) systems aim at identifying and monitoring the power consumption of individual appliances using the aggregate electricity consumption. Many issues hinder their development. For example, due to the complexity of data acquisition and labeling, datasets are scarce; labeled datasets are [...] Read more.
Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) systems aim at identifying and monitoring the power consumption of individual appliances using the aggregate electricity consumption. Many issues hinder their development. For example, due to the complexity of data acquisition and labeling, datasets are scarce; labeled datasets are essential for developing disaggregation and load prediction algorithms. In this paper, we introduce a new NILM system, called Integrated Monitoring and Processing Electricity Consumption (IMPEC). The main characteristics of the proposed system are flexibility, compactness, modularity, and advanced on-board processing capabilities. Both hardware and software parts of the system are described, along with several validation tests performed at residential and industrial settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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13 pages, 1266 KiB  
Letter
Infrared Temperature Measurement Sensors of Overhead Power Conductors
by Pablo Castro, Ramón Lecuna, Mario Manana, Maria Jose Martin and Dolores del Campo
Sensors 2020, 20(24), 7126; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247126 - 12 Dec 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3248
Abstract
Efficiency in power lines operation is becoming more crucial as the electrification increases and more renewable energies are connected into the grid. New methods and sensors are being added to create smart grids to face these challenges and conductor temperature sensors are one [...] Read more.
Efficiency in power lines operation is becoming more crucial as the electrification increases and more renewable energies are connected into the grid. New methods and sensors are being added to create smart grids to face these challenges and conductor temperature sensors are one of them. Contact temperature sensors have several problems regarding safety and electronic damage due to the electromagnetic fields induced on the conductors. The goal of this paper is to describe an infrared temperature measurement sensor and to compare contact and non-contact temperature measurements to estimate the temperature of power lines. Measurements were done for almost a year, storing around 150,000 measures of contact and infrared thermometers for many different weather and load conditions. The results conclude that the infrared system can be successfully used to control the temperature of the overhead conductor within a range of less than 4 ∘C difference with respect to contact temperature methods for the 88% of the samples and less than 6 ∘C for the 99%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Circuits, Systems, Sensors and Their Applications)
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