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Sensor Applications for Military* and Public Use: The Duality into Action

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 5362

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Electronics-Telecommunications and Applications Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
Interests: design and development of wireless and embedded systems; OFDM; turbo codes; antenna design; satellite links; measuring technology; mathematical analysis; modelling and interdisciplinary applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
Interests: wireless communications; digital communications; MIMO Systems; wireless; cooperative communications; cognitive radio
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our modern era has introduced the vast production of sensors, along with a plethora of relevant applications. It is important to thoroughly understand our needs as a society in order to choose the most appropriate sensors for certain applications. We must live with and use military applications and/or sensors that show great tolerance; however, at the same time, we must not use them for aggressive purposes if this is not permitted. Consequently, durability and flexibility are the most important factors that allow a system to resist various challenges, such as extreme noise environments or interference. Another important factor is the flexibility of systems to alter their behavior (i.e., to work to new frequency channels or to change radiation patterns) using, e.g., DSPs and antenna arrays that can be easily controlled by a smart application. These systems might even employ machine learning and artificial intelligence to reach optimal automatic operation conditions. Furthermore, security issues should be taken into consideration for fortifying sensory systems against hacking attempts, and/or to support security locks so that they cannot be used for military purposes if this is not permitted.

For this Special Issue of Sensors, we hope to present works (research papers and reviews) that focus on the dual public and military application of the same, or at least similar, hardware. Especially, works focusing on green technology combining public and military aspects are welcomed, as are works on any kind of unmanned vehicles based on the aforementioned operating principle. We invite scientists to contribute works that exhibit any examples of dual-aspect application (DUAMILPUS: the dual application of military and public usage). If studies are particularly orientated towards either public or military applications, then security issues must be taken into consideration to ensure that military technology cannot be converted for public use, or vice versa.

(*) Military applications and the term DUAMILPUS must follow the rules described below in order to be presented in the manuscript:

  • If the contributors belong to the staff of a military company or a company partially producing military applications/hardware, the following permissions must be fulfilled:

1). An additional document must be signed for (1) all the authors, (2) the head of the research department, and (3) the head of the general section/department declaring the following: All the authors and the supervisors (head of the department/section) declare that the presented ideas and any other military hardware or any military application or any detail under development which are presented inside this paper, do not violate any national laws or any restrictions for publicity being posed by the Organization/Company/etc., that all the contributors are affiliated with. For this reason, the responsibility of the amount of information diffusion is solely the responsibility of all the signers.

2). The document must include the logos of all the companies, and thus have a valid reference number of affiliation for validation purposes.

  • If the contributors are independent researchers with no military relation but would still like to publish their ideas, they must also declare the following along with their signatures in a separate document with the logo of their affiliations: All the authors declare that they have not any kind of relation or/and conflict of interest with any military company or military project.
  • The aforementioned (for independent researchers) must be included inside the manuscript under the section declaring Conflict of Interest.

Dr. Spyridon K. Chronopoulos
Dr. Konstantinos Peppas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • unmanned vehicles
  • multi-sensors
  • antennas
  • digital signal processing
  • public applications
  • military applications
  • noise
  • interference
  • dual application of military and public usage (DUAMILPUS)
  • short-range communications (SRC)
  • long-range communications (LoRa)
  • satellite communications
  • security

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 19065 KiB  
Article
Flexible and Reconfigurable OFDM Implementation in DSP Platform for Various Purposes and Applications
by Spyridon K. Chronopoulos
Sensors 2024, 24(9), 2732; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092732 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 211
Abstract
In the modern technological era of sophisticated applications and high-quality communications, a platform of clever strategy and quickly updated systems is needed. It should be capable of withstanding the fastest emerging problems like signal attenuation and hostile actions intended to harm the whole [...] Read more.
In the modern technological era of sophisticated applications and high-quality communications, a platform of clever strategy and quickly updated systems is needed. It should be capable of withstanding the fastest emerging problems like signal attenuation and hostile actions intended to harm the whole network. The main contributions of this work are the production of an OFDM system (with low cost) that can sustain high-speed communications and be easily adjusted with new integrated code while exhibiting the feasibility of implementing a transmitter–receiver system in the same DSP and demonstrating the holistic approach with the qualitative integration of such an architecture in a warfare scenario. Specifically, in this research, the point of view is toward three facts. The first is to show a method of quick self-checking the operational status of a digital signal processor (DSP) platform and then the pedagogical issues of how to fast check and implement an updated code inside DSPs through simple schematics. The second point is to present the prototype system that can easily be programmed using a graphical user interface (GUI) and can change its properties (such as the transmitted modulated sinusoids—orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subcarriers). Alongside the presentation, the measurements are presented and discussed. These were acquired with the use of an oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. The third point is to qualitatively show the application of such a system inside a modern warfare environment and to recommend various potential system responses according to the development of such a platform of reconfigurable implemented OFDM systems. The implementation was performed for two types of systems: (1) transmitter and (2) transmitter–receiver system. Notably, the system acts quickly with a delay of about 1 msec in the case of transmitting and receiving in the same DSP, suggesting excellent future results under real conditions. Full article
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17 pages, 2275 KiB  
Article
Bilinear Interpolation of Three–Dimensional Gain–Scheduled Autopilots
by Sung Mo Koo and Timothy Sands
Sensors 2024, 24(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24010013 - 19 Dec 2023
Viewed by 734
Abstract
Gain-scheduled autopilots have emerged as a dominant strategy to achieve adaptive control of coupled, non-linear engineering complexities, owing to an ability to adapt to changing operational conditions and uncertainties. This study focuses on utilizing bilinear interpolation of gain-scheduled autopilots, emphasizing enhanced system performance [...] Read more.
Gain-scheduled autopilots have emerged as a dominant strategy to achieve adaptive control of coupled, non-linear engineering complexities, owing to an ability to adapt to changing operational conditions and uncertainties. This study focuses on utilizing bilinear interpolation of gain-scheduled autopilots, emphasizing enhanced system performance and robustness. Through a comprehensive investigation and comparative analysis using three disparate cases, advantages over conventional methods are revealed. Strengths and weaknesses of both simple and specialized variants (such as linear, and real-time gain-scheduling) are introduced. Three missile guidance case–studies utilize simulation time and miss distance figures of merit. Comparing the performance of bilinear interpolation and automatic instantiations to index–search, over comparable traveled distances, missile miss distances were improved 179% and 196% respectively with slightly improved computational burden. Full article
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16 pages, 7312 KiB  
Article
A Frequency-Selective Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications in the S and C Bands
by Alexandros Sakkas, Vasilis Oikonomou, Giorgos Mystridis, Vasilis Christofilakis, Giorgos Tatsis, Giorgos Baldoumas, Vasilis Tritiakis and Spyridon K. Chronopoulos
Sensors 2023, 23(21), 8912; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23218912 - 02 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1026
Abstract
This paper presents a compact multifrequency reconfigurable patch antenna in terms of design and fabrication for operating in the S and C bands of the RF spectrum, which are overwhelmed by wireless applications. Reconfiguration is achieved by using a single PIN diode on [...] Read more.
This paper presents a compact multifrequency reconfigurable patch antenna in terms of design and fabrication for operating in the S and C bands of the RF spectrum, which are overwhelmed by wireless applications. Reconfiguration is achieved by using a single PIN diode on the ground plane. By varying the voltage applied to the diode, three modes can emerge, exhibiting main resonant frequencies at 2.07, 4.63, and 6.22 GHz. Resonance switching requires a voltage of less than 0.9 V. The antenna fabricated on an FR-4 substrate, with a volume of 70 × 60 × 1.5 mm3, has a radiating patch element of a rectangular ring shape. The proposed low-cost antenna is easily implemented in a typical university lab-based environment. The total bandwidth for the three modes is close to 1 GHz, while the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the fabricated version of the antenna does not exceed 1.02, and the return loss is well below −40 dB for the three primary resonant frequencies. Full article
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13 pages, 1934 KiB  
Article
A Focus on Electromobility within Smart City Solutions—Charging Stations, Renewable Energy, and Air Quality Monitoring
by Radek Zavorka and Martin Paar
Sensors 2022, 22(20), 7841; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207841 - 15 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2077
Abstract
This paper reviews some of the existing methods for charging electric vehicles, generating renewable energy, and storing it. Plans of practical implementation in the city of Brno are compared with the situation in Glasgow. Moreover, it is essential to pay attention to integrated [...] Read more.
This paper reviews some of the existing methods for charging electric vehicles, generating renewable energy, and storing it. Plans of practical implementation in the city of Brno are compared with the situation in Glasgow. Moreover, it is essential to pay attention to integrated solutions in order to increase efficiency. Energy harvesting and charging systems are combined with an air quality measurement system and integrated into LED street lights. The collected data are sent to a central server for evaluation. The use of smart solutions is a modern approach to saving energy and reducing CO2 emissions in many sectors. As an example, the described solutions can be applied dually, in both civilian and military sectors. Considering the potential benefits of easier logistics or quiet operation, the potential military exploitation of technological capabilities is discussed from the perspective of enhancing citizens’ security and safety in cities. Full article
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