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Vehicle Sensing and Dynamic Control

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Vehicular Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 1958

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
Interests: vehicle dynamics; control of active safety systems; tire parameters estimation; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanic Engineering and Fluid Mechanics, University of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
Interests: mechanical engineering; modeling and control of vehicles; electric vehicles; spiking neural networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

When a vehicle controller is developed, many aspects of the vehicle have to be taken into account, including the following: the vehicle model, the iteration between the tire and the road, the aerodynamics, the steering system, the braking system, the powertrain, and the suspension system. All of these aspects determine the development of novel control systems and algorithms, and help to avoid errors in the implementation of these systems in real vehicles.

Additionally, sensors play a pivotal role in providing sufficient information to control vehicle states. In addition, sensor filtering or observers provide the indirect measurements necessary for optimal control.

This Special Issue will address innovative research in the following areas:

The modeling and control of vehicle behavior: vehicle model, tire dynamic model, online learning and adaptation, model-based controller, linear-quadratic regulator (LQR), sliding mode control (SMC), H-infinity, and model predictive control (MPC).

Vehicle state estimation: Sensor fusion, Kalman Filtering (EKF, UKF), Recursive Least Squares (RLSs), Particle Filter, and Complementare Filter.

 Active safety systems: development of intelligent control algorithms for anti-lock braking systems (ABSs), traction control systems (TCSs), electronic stability program (ESP), advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs), and the integration of related active safety features/devices into new vehicles.

The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Vehicle Dynamics Control
  • Active Safety Systems
  • Autonomous Driving Systems
  • Identification and Estimation
  • Steering, Braking, Tires, Suspension
  • Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
  • Driver–Vehicle Systems
  • Electric Vehicles Model

Prof. Dr. Juan A. Cabrera
Dr. Javier Perez Fernandez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 7663 KiB  
Article
Research on Electric Oil–Pneumatic Active Suspension Based on Fractional-Order PID Position Control
by Yaozeng Hu, Jianze Liu, Zhuang Wang, Jingming Zhang and Jiang Liu
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1644; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051644 - 02 Mar 2024
Viewed by 582
Abstract
In this study, an electric oil and gas actuator based on fractional-order PID position feedback control is proposed, through which the damping coefficient of the suspension system is adjusted to realize the active control of the suspension. An FOPID algorithm is used to [...] Read more.
In this study, an electric oil and gas actuator based on fractional-order PID position feedback control is proposed, through which the damping coefficient of the suspension system is adjusted to realize the active control of the suspension. An FOPID algorithm is used to control the motor’s rotational angle to realize the damping adjustment of the suspension system. In this process, the road roughness is collected by the sensors as the criterion of damping adjustment, and the particle swarm algorithm is utilized to find the optimal objective function under different road surface slopes, to obtain the optimal cornering value. According to the mathematical and physical model of the suspension system, the simulation model and the corresponding test platform of this type of suspension system are built. The simulation and experimental results show that the simulation results of the fractional-order nonlinear suspension model are closer to the actual experimental values than those of the traditional linear suspension model, and the accuracy of each performance index is improved by more than 18.5%. The designed active suspension system optimizes the body acceleration, suspension dynamic deflection, and tire dynamic load to 89.8%, 56.7%, and 73.4% of the passive suspension, respectively. It is worth noting that, compared to traditional PID control circuits, the FOPID control circuit designed for motors has an improved control performance. This study provides an effective theoretical and empirical basis for the control and optimization of fractional-order nonlinear suspension systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicle Sensing and Dynamic Control)
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24 pages, 5940 KiB  
Article
An Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter for the Estimation of the Vehicle Velocity Components, Slip Angles, and Slip Ratios in Extreme Driving Manoeuvres
by Aymen Alshawi, Stefano De Pinto, Pietro Stano, Sebastiaan van Aalst, Kylian Praet, Emilie Boulay, Davide Ivone, Patrick Gruber and Aldo Sorniotti
Sensors 2024, 24(2), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020436 - 10 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1016
Abstract
This paper presents a novel unscented Kalman filter (UKF) implementation with adaptive covariance matrices (ACMs), to accurately estimate the longitudinal and lateral components of vehicle velocity, and thus the sideslip angle, tire slip angles, and tire slip ratios, also in extreme driving conditions, [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel unscented Kalman filter (UKF) implementation with adaptive covariance matrices (ACMs), to accurately estimate the longitudinal and lateral components of vehicle velocity, and thus the sideslip angle, tire slip angles, and tire slip ratios, also in extreme driving conditions, including tyre–road friction variations. The adaptation strategies are implemented on both the process noise and measurement noise covariances. The resulting UKF ACM is compared against a well-tuned baseline UKF with fixed covariances. Experimental test results in high tyre–road friction conditions show the good performance of both filters, with only a very marginal benefit of the ACM version. However, the simulated extreme tests in variable and low-friction conditions highlight the superior performance and robustness provided by the adaptation mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicle Sensing and Dynamic Control)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Integrating LiDAR sensor data to Microsimulation Model Calibration for Proactive Safety Analysis
Authors: Igene, Morris; Liu, Hongchao; Bataineh, Tamer; Jimee, Keshav; Soltanirad, Mohammad; Bolden, Austin
Affiliation: Texas Tech University
Abstract: LiDAR sensors are becoming very popular for detecting trajectories of various road users, including vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians with enhanced accuracy. Due to the high resolution and full detection penetration of LiDAR sensors, they provide real time spatiotemporal information, making them ideal for microscopic traffic analysis. Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) is an automated tool that has been used with the microscopic traffic simulation models to identify conflicts. This approach faces a significant challenge because it is heavily dependent on the calibration accuracy of the microsimulation models. This paper introduces a two-step approach to calibrating microsimulation models using trajectory dataset from roadside LiDAR infrastructure. Four car-following and lane changing parameters of the Wiedmann 99 model were calibrated in PTV VISSIM using Directed Brute Force exhaustive search algorithm combined with Limited-Memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno with Bounds (L-BFGS-B) optimization in the two-step approach for enhanced model accuracy. Vehicle conflicts identified from the calibrated models were employed in a Bivariate Extreme Value Theory near-crash analysis based on three surrogate safety indicators: PET, TTC and MaxD. The estimated average crash frequency (EACFs) obtained from the calibrated models were compared with historical crash frequency data and LiDAR sensor trajectory data.

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