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Processes
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Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development
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Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 6170

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yinhui Zuo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
Interests: current geothermal field and tectono-thermal history of sedimentary basin; lithospheric thermal structure; petroleum geology; hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism; geothermal exploration; resource evaluation
Prof. Dr. Hui Han

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University (SWPU), Chengdu 610500, China
Interests: geochemistry; shale oil & gas evaluation; hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Petroleum is an important basic form of energy and a pillar industry in the national economy. With the progress of petroleum exploration, the exploration fields have gradually changed from “shallow to deep”, from “land to sea”, from “conventional to unconventional”, and a variety of new petroleum development technologies have been developed in new fields. This Issue aims to organize a group of excellent papers on new theories, methods and technologies in the petroleum exploration and development to help the development of the petroleum industry.

  • New theories, methods and technologies in petroleum exploration;
  • New theories, methods and technologies in the petroleum development;
  • New theories, methods and technologies in shale oil and gas;
  • New theories, methods and technologies in tight sandstone oil and gas;
  • New theories, methods and technologies in deep-sea oil and gas. 

Prof. Dr. Yinhui Zuo
Prof. Dr. Hui Han
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • petroleum exploration
  • petroleum development
  • shale oil and gas
  • tight sandstone oil and gas
  • deep-sea oil and gas

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 14321 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation Study on Vibration Reduction Effect of Flexible Cutting-Tooth Unit
by Haitao Ren, Jingwei Xu, Xin Jia, Sheng Zhou, Chunxiao Zhou, Yingxin Yang and Qi Zhan
Processes 2023, 11(9), 2658; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11092658 - 05 Sep 2023
Viewed by 620
Abstract
Under the conditions of drilling in gravel-bearing and heterogeneous stratas, the movement and force of the PDC bit during drilling are highly unstable. Irregular impact loads often cause fatigue failures such as tooth fracture, tooth breakage and delamination of the composite sheet. Dynamic [...] Read more.
Under the conditions of drilling in gravel-bearing and heterogeneous stratas, the movement and force of the PDC bit during drilling are highly unstable. Irregular impact loads often cause fatigue failures such as tooth fracture, tooth breakage and delamination of the composite sheet. Dynamic impact load is the main cause of fatigue failure of cutting-tooth, which seriously affects the rock-breaking performance of PDC bits. This paper proposes a flexible cutting tooth unit consisting of a central tooth, an elastic element, and a base. The technical concept of flexible-cutting rock breaking is to reduce the impact load amplitude suffered during the cutting process to a certain threshold range by setting elastic elements or reducing the support stiffness of the cutting tooth, so as to inhibit the expansion of micro defects caused by the impact dynamic load of cutting teeth and prolong the service life of drill bits. The finite-element models of flexible cutting teeth for rock cutting were established. The influence of cutting depth, front rake angle and stiffness of elastic elements on the cushioning and vibration-absorption effect of flexible cutting was analysed. The results show that flexible cutting can reduce the peak and average value of von Mises stress at the cutting edge. Under different cutting-depth conditions, the decline rates were 21.45–49.02% and 9.42–17.8%, respectively. Then, under different front-rake-angle conditions, the decline rates were 20.51–24.02% and 9.41–17.8%, respectively. There is a suitable stiffness of the elastic element, which makes the peak and average value of von Mises stress at the cutting edge of the flexible cutting-tooth unit perform better and the effect of improving the uneven stress distribution at the cutting edge better. Flexible cutting technology can effectively improve the adaptability of the PDC bit in heterogeneous formations and reduce the occurrence of abnormal failure of cutting teeth. The research results of this paper can provide theoretical support for the drilling speed of PDC bits in hard formations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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19 pages, 16982 KiB  
Article
Pore Structure Change in the Continental Shale Oil Reservoir and Its Main Influencing Factors: A Case Study of the Chang 7 Member in the Ordos Basin
by Xin He, Shijia Chen, Cong Hu, Haifeng Zhang, Feisheng Mou, Linfeng Dai, Yifan Lu, Xiaoyan Fu and Meimei Han
Processes 2023, 11(8), 2314; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11082314 - 01 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 752
Abstract
Shale oil in the Chang 7 member is the main target for further exploration in the Ordos Basin. However, the lack of research on the characteristics of the Chang 7 member’s mudstone and shale reservoir has seriously affected the next stage of exploration [...] Read more.
Shale oil in the Chang 7 member is the main target for further exploration in the Ordos Basin. However, the lack of research on the characteristics of the Chang 7 member’s mudstone and shale reservoir has seriously affected the next stage of exploration for shale oil in the Chang 7 member. This study analyzed in detail the changes in the pore structure of different types of reservoirs and their influencing factors in detail through experiments such as gas adsorption, nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-pressure mercury intrusion. The results showed that black shale is mainly composed of micropores, with a micropore ratio of up to 79.88%. Dark mudstone and silty mudstone are mainly composed of mesopores, with a mesopore ratio greater than 30%. Argillaceous sandstone is mainly composed of large pores, accounting for 78.57%. From black shale to muddy sandstone, the proportion of micropores decreases, while the proportion of macropores increases. The micropore volume is mainly controlled by the organic matter content and the inorganic mineral content related to the organic matter content. Inorganic minerals such as quartz and feldspar mainly control the degree of development of mesopores and macropores. For rocks with a strong hydrocarbon-generating ability (black shale and dark mudstone), the ratio between the total pore volume and micropore volume is the main factor restricting their oil content. For rocks with a weak hydrocarbon-generating capacity (silty mudstone and argillaceous sandstone), the macropore volume and total pore volume are the main controlling factors for oil content. The results of this study have important guiding significance for the next step of exploration and development for shale oil in the Chang 7 member and, to a certain degree, for the exploration of continental shale oil in other basins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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17 pages, 7768 KiB  
Article
Diagenetic Evolution Control on Reservoir Quality of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation in Weixinan Sag of Beibuwan Basin, Northern South China Sea
by Jinlai Huan, Yuanlin Meng, Qilin Wu, Lihua Xiao and Zixuan Wang
Processes 2023, 11(7), 2171; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11072171 - 20 Jul 2023
Viewed by 629
Abstract
This study focuses on the diagenetic evolution of the reservoir in the third member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation (E3w3) in Weinan Sag of Beibuwan Basin, northern South China Sea. Based on the contents and occurrence states of chlorite, [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the diagenetic evolution of the reservoir in the third member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation (E3w3) in Weinan Sag of Beibuwan Basin, northern South China Sea. Based on the contents and occurrence states of chlorite, illite, kaolinite and quartz cement were described by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thin section and X-ray diffraction. In the E3w3 reservoir, three different occurrences of chlorite are recognized. These include chlorite coating, leaf-shaped chlorite and tongue-shaped chlorite. Furthermore, three major types of diagenetic kaolinite are observed. These include kaolin crystallization promoted by fluids of meteoric origin, kaolin formed by organic acids and blocky kaolin. In addition, feldspar, by organic acid dissolution, can mainly form kaolinite but also form illite or chlorite in the E3w3 reservoir. Different clay minerals have different effects on reservoir quality, which are controlled by occurrence and diagenetic environment. Compared to the other minerals, chlorite coating has a greater effect on quartz overgrowth. However, If minerals are packed in intergranular pores, they have a negative effect on reservoir quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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26 pages, 22885 KiB  
Article
Sedimentary Environment and Organic Matter Enrichment Model of Saline Lake Source Rock in the Linhe Depression, Hetao Basin, China
by Xiaoyan Fu, Jungang Lu, Yulei Shi, Ranran Zhou, Shijia Chen and Man Yuan
Processes 2023, 11(7), 2114; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11072114 - 15 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 854
Abstract
The well-developed mudstone and gypsum mudstone in the Oligocene Linhe Formation (E3l) in the Hetao Basin are the main source rocks for gypsum. However, the sedimentary environment and organic matter (OM) enrichment factors of E3l are not clear, and [...] Read more.
The well-developed mudstone and gypsum mudstone in the Oligocene Linhe Formation (E3l) in the Hetao Basin are the main source rocks for gypsum. However, the sedimentary environment and organic matter (OM) enrichment factors of E3l are not clear, and this inhibits the prediction of hydrocarbon source rock distribution and resource calculation. Major and trace elements, total organic carbon (TOC), pyrolysis using the Rock-Eval II, and saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses were performed in this study. The results show that E3l was deposited in brackish water and saline–ultrasaline water, with weak oxidation reduction in an arid and hot environment. Terrestrial input inhibits OM enrichment, while the redox, paleosalinity, paleoclimate, and paleoproductivity play a catalytic role. The main controlling factors of the same lithologic source rocks are different: terrestrial input and paleoclimate have a greater impact on mudstone, and the redox and paleosalinity were more favorable to gypsum mudstone. Although the main controlling factors are different for different lithologies, their OM enrichment characteristics are still consistent. The E3l water body was deep, and the contribution of nutrients from terrigenous debris to OM enrichment was less. In addition, the water retention environment changed significantly during the E3l sedimentary period, resulting in fewer nutrients, which limited the improvement of surface water paleoproductivity. The arid climate increased water evaporation and salinity, which to some extent prevented consumption and decomposition. Weak oxidation-reduction fluctuations and the stratification of the water body were obvious, and this was not only conducive to the enrichment of OM but also to its preservation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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24 pages, 16856 KiB  
Article
Sedimentary Evolution and Geological Characteristics of the Jurassic in the South Qiangtang Basin, China
by Zhanhu Cai, Hong You and Qilin Wu
Processes 2023, 11(5), 1569; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11051569 - 21 May 2023
Viewed by 966
Abstract
Based on the analysis of lithology, lithofacies combinations, sedimentary structures, and fossil types in five geological sections measured through fieldwork, this paper comprehensively elucidates the sedimentary evolution characteristics of the Jurassic period in the South Qiangtang area. The South Qiangtang Basin is renowned [...] Read more.
Based on the analysis of lithology, lithofacies combinations, sedimentary structures, and fossil types in five geological sections measured through fieldwork, this paper comprehensively elucidates the sedimentary evolution characteristics of the Jurassic period in the South Qiangtang area. The South Qiangtang Basin is renowned for preserving the most complete Jurassic marine sedimentary strata in China, and it primarily consists of a mixed platform environment of carbonate and clastic rocks. The Jurassic strata in the South Qiangtang Basin range from the Quse Formation at the base to the Suowa Formation at the summit, with sedimentary facies evolving from the outer shelf to the subtidal zone, and seawater depth gradually becoming shallower. This trend may be associated with the division and expansion of the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone during the Late Triassic, subduction in the Middle Jurassic, and the suture and splicing of the Qiangtang–Lhasa plate during the Late Jurassic tectonic movements. In conclusion, this research presents a comprehensive analysis of the sedimentary evolution of the Jurassic period in the South Qiangtang Basin for the first time. The findings offer significant contributions to the understanding of the region’s geological history and serve as a valuable foundation for future investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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22 pages, 4684 KiB  
Article
Microbialite Textures and Their Geochemical Characteristics of Middle Triassic Dolomites, Sichuan Basin, China
by Hao Wang, Ziquan Yong, Jinmin Song, Tong Lin and Yongqiang Yu
Processes 2023, 11(5), 1541; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11051541 - 17 May 2023
Viewed by 914
Abstract
Microbialite textures, such as microbial mats and biofilms, were observed in the Middle Triassic dolomite in the Sichuan Basin, western China, using core examination, thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and geochemical analyses. The dolomite texture, consisting of fibrous and spherulitic structures, [...] Read more.
Microbialite textures, such as microbial mats and biofilms, were observed in the Middle Triassic dolomite in the Sichuan Basin, western China, using core examination, thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and geochemical analyses. The dolomite texture, consisting of fibrous and spherulitic structures, is similar in morphology and size distribution to those observed in microbial culture experiments. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were identified based on the occurrence of fibers forming a reticular pattern and nanometer-sized spheroids. The rare earth element (REE) and stable isotope (C, O, and Sr) compositions of the Middle Triassic dolomite were measured to determine their geochemical characteristics. Using seawater as a standard, the dolomitic microbialites (MD) exhibited significantly positive La and Eu anomalies and higher REE concentrations and (Nd/Yb)sn values than associated limestones, and these patterns are inferred to be related to initial complexation on organic ligands in the biofilm, as proposed by previous researchers. The ambient temperature during dolomite precipitation was estimated to be within the 23 °C to 50 °C range, as indicated by the δ18O values of the dolomite. This study suggests that various microbial effects can significantly affect diagenetic processes in the Middle Triassic dolomite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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18 pages, 2175 KiB  
Article
Analytical Investigation on the Shear Propagation Mechanism of Multi-Cracks in Brittle Tight Rocks under Compressive and Shear Loading Conditions
by Tianyu Luo, Qilin Wu, Di Wu and Bin Li
Processes 2023, 11(5), 1447; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11051447 - 10 May 2023
Viewed by 733
Abstract
There is abundant shale oil in the ocean and on land. Due to the tight lithology of the reservoir, volume fracturing technology is needed to improve the oil and gas productivity. It is very important to study the expansion law of multiple natural [...] Read more.
There is abundant shale oil in the ocean and on land. Due to the tight lithology of the reservoir, volume fracturing technology is needed to improve the oil and gas productivity. It is very important to study the expansion law of multiple natural fractures in rock masses and its influencing factors in the process of volume fracturing for the formation of fracture networks. Based on the theory of online elastic fracture mechanics, the calculation method of the stress intensity factor at the end of any I–II composite fracture is established by using effective shear stress and considering the influence of T-stress. The calculation model of the stress intensity factor of any fracture on the main fracture wall or the horizontal section of the main fracture wall is established according to the concrete stress conditions in the process of hydraulic fracturing. Based on the principle of stress superposition, the combined interference stress calculation model of fracture ends is established for the case of multiple penetrating cracks in infinite-plane rock masses. Based on the theory of shear failure and plane strain, a model of the initiation direction and condition of natural cracks on the horizontal section of the main fracture wall and both sides of the main fracture in brittle rock is established when there are many coaxial natural cracks under the action of remote site stress and water pressure on the fracture surface. According to the simulation results, on the main fracture wall, when σH > σv > σh or σH > σh > σv, when the crack angle (CA) is within a certain range and multiple natural cracks (MNC) exist, the required pressure for shear failure decreases. When the fracture angle exceeds a certain size, the required pressure increases. When there are MNC in the horizontal or perpendicular sections of the rock mass on both sides of the main fracture, the required net pressure for shear failure decreases within a certain CA range. When the CA exceeds a certain range, it increases or remains basically unchanged. On the whole, the presence of MNC reduces the net pressure for shear failure, which is conducive to the formation of fracture networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development)
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