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Polymers
Special Issues
Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials
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Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 13090

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hyun Chan Kim

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Guest Editor
Aerospace Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Interests: functional nanocomposites; nanocellulose; aramid nanofiber; electroactive materials; nanocarbon; microfabrication; high-strength nanocomposites; energy harvester; sensor and actuators; optical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lindong Zhai

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Guest Editor
CRC for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
Interests: nanocelulose; piezoelectric materials; smart materials; AFM analysis; PFM analysis; functional nanocomposites; electro-active materials; sensors and actuators

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanocellulose is the most abundant natural polymer material on Earth. Due to its environmentally-friendly nature, the study of nanocellulose and nanocellulose-based functional materials has increased exponentially in that last few decades. Furthermore, the biocompatibility, renewability, piezoelectricity, high specific strength and modulus, dielectric characteristic, low thermal expansion, and optical transparency make nanocellulose beneficial for not only structural applications but also flexible displays, optical devices, sensors, actuators, and flexible electronics. Therefore, nanocellulose-based functional materials can be a building block of future materials in the post-carbon era.
This Special Issue will focus on the development of nanocellulose-based functional materials and their potential applications, including but not limited to the following areas:

  • High-strength nanocomposites;
  • Sensors and actuators;
  • Optical applications;
  • Electromechanical behavior;
  • Energy storage applications;
  • Energy harvesting applications;
  • Smart functional materials.

Dr. Hyun Chan Kim
Dr. Lindong Zhai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • High-strength nanocomposites
  • sensors and actuators
  • optical applications electromechanical behavior
  • energy storage applications
  • energy harvesting applications
  • smart functional materials
  • cellulose nanofiber
  • cellulose nanocrystal
  • tunicate cellulose
  • bacterial cellulose

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2075 KiB  
Article
Bio-Based and Robust Polydopamine Coated Nanocellulose/Amyloid Composite Aerogel for Fast and Wide-Spectrum Water Purification
by Maxime Sorriaux, Mathias Sorieul and Yi Chen
Polymers 2021, 13(19), 3442; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13193442 - 07 Oct 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3103
Abstract
Water contamination resulting from human activities leads to the deterioration of aquatic ecosystems. This restrains the access to fresh water, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In this work, we developed a bio-based and water-resistant composite aerogel from renewable nanofibrils for [...] Read more.
Water contamination resulting from human activities leads to the deterioration of aquatic ecosystems. This restrains the access to fresh water, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In this work, we developed a bio-based and water-resistant composite aerogel from renewable nanofibrils for water remediation application. The composite aerogel consists of two types of cross-linked nanofibrils. Poly(dopamine)-coated cellulose nanofibrils and amyloid protein nanofibrils are forming a double networked crosslinked via periodate oxidation. The resulting aerogel exhibits good mechanical strength and high pollutants adsorption capability. Removal of dyes (rhodamine blue, acriflavine, crystal violet, malachite green, acid fuchsin and methyl orange), organic traces (atrazine, bisphenol A, and ibuprofen) and heavy metal ions (Pb(II) and Cu(II)) from water was successfully demonstrated with the composite aerogel. More specifically, the bio-based aerogel demonstrated good adsorption efficiencies for crystal violet (93.1% in 30 min), bisphenol A (91.7% in 5 min) and Pb(II) ions (94.7% in 5 min), respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption–desorption performance of aerogel for Pb(II) ions demonstrates that the aerogel has a high reusability as maintains satisfactory removal performances. The results suggest that this type of robust and bio-based composite aerogel is a promising adsorbent to decontaminate water from a wide range of pollutants in a sustainable and efficient way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials)
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21 pages, 1956 KiB  
Article
Cellulose Nanofibers from a Dutch Elm Disease-Resistant Ulmus minor Clone
by Laura Jiménez-López, María E. Eugenio, David Ibarra, Margarita Darder, Juan A. Martín and Raquel Martín-Sampedro
Polymers 2020, 12(11), 2450; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12112450 - 23 Oct 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2683
Abstract
The potential use of elm wood in lignocellulosic industries has been hindered by the Dutch elm disease (DED) pandemics, which have ravaged European and North American elm groves in the last century. However, the selection of DED-resistant cultivars paves the way for their [...] Read more.
The potential use of elm wood in lignocellulosic industries has been hindered by the Dutch elm disease (DED) pandemics, which have ravaged European and North American elm groves in the last century. However, the selection of DED-resistant cultivars paves the way for their use as feedstock in lignocellulosic biorefineries. Here, the production of cellulose nanofibers from the resistant Ulmus minor clone Ademuz was evaluated for the first time. Both mechanical (PFI refining) and chemical (TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation) pretreatments were assessed prior to microfluidization, observing not only easier fibrillation but also better optical and barrier properties for elm nanopapers compared to eucalyptus ones (used as reference). Furthermore, mechanically pretreated samples showed higher strength for elm nanopapers. Although lower nanofibrillation yields were obtained by mechanical pretreatment, nanofibers showed higher thermal, mechanical and barrier properties, compared to TEMPO-oxidized nanofibers. Furthermore, lignin-containing elm nanofibers presented the most promising characteristics, with slightly lower transparencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials)
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11 pages, 2759 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characteristics of Wet-Spun Filament Made of Cellulose Nanofibrils with Different Chemical Compositions
by Chan-Woo Park, Ji-Soo Park, Song-Yi Han, Eun-Ah Lee, Gu-Joong Kwon, Young-Ho Seo, Jae-Gyoung Gwon, Sun-Young Lee and Seung-Hwan Lee
Polymers 2020, 12(4), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12040949 - 19 Apr 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3405
Abstract
In this study, wet-spun filaments were prepared using lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF), with 6.0% and 13.0% of hemicellulose and lignin, respectively, holocellulose nanofibril (HCNF), with 37% hemicellulose, and nearly purified-cellulose nanofibril (NP-CNF) through wet-disk milling followed by high-pressure homogenization. The diameter was observed to [...] Read more.
In this study, wet-spun filaments were prepared using lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF), with 6.0% and 13.0% of hemicellulose and lignin, respectively, holocellulose nanofibril (HCNF), with 37% hemicellulose, and nearly purified-cellulose nanofibril (NP-CNF) through wet-disk milling followed by high-pressure homogenization. The diameter was observed to increase in the order of NP-CNF ≤ HCNF < LCNF. The removal of lignin improved the defibrillation efficiency, thus increasing the specific surface area and filtration time. All samples showed the typical X-ray diffraction pattern of cellulose I. The orientation of CNFs in the wet-spun filaments was observed to increase at a low concentration of CNF suspensions and high spinning rate. The increase in the CNF orientation improved the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the wet-spun filaments. The tensile strength of the wet-spun filaments decreased in the order of HCNF > NP-CNF > LCNF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials)
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Review

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30 pages, 4307 KiB  
Review
Cellulose-Derived Nanostructures as Sustainable Biomass for Supercapacitors: A Review
by Seong Min Ji and Anuj Kumar
Polymers 2022, 14(1), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14010169 - 01 Jan 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3192
Abstract
Sustainable biomass has attracted a great attention in developing green renewable energy storage devices (e.g., supercapacitors) with low-cost, flexible and lightweight characteristics. Therefore, cellulose has been considered as a suitable candidate to meet the requirements of sustainable energy storage devices due to their [...] Read more.
Sustainable biomass has attracted a great attention in developing green renewable energy storage devices (e.g., supercapacitors) with low-cost, flexible and lightweight characteristics. Therefore, cellulose has been considered as a suitable candidate to meet the requirements of sustainable energy storage devices due to their most abundant nature, renewability, hydrophilicity, and biodegradability. Particularly, cellulose-derived nanostructures (CNS) are more promising due to their low-density, high surface area, high aspect ratio, and excellent mechanical properties. Recently, various research activities based on CNS and/or various conductive materials have been performed for supercapacitors. In addition, CNS-derived carbon nanofibers prepared by carbonization have also drawn considerable scientific interest because of their high conductivity and rational electrochemical properties. Therefore, CNS or carbonized-CNS based functional materials provide ample opportunities in structure and design engineering approaches for sustainable energy storage devices. In this review, we first provide the introduction and then discuss the fundamentals and technologies of supercapacitors and utilized materials (including cellulose). Next, the efficacy of CNS or carbonized-CNS based materials is discussed. Further, various types of CNS are described and compared. Then, the efficacy of these CNS or carbonized-CNS based materials in developing sustainable energy storage devices is highlighted. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives are briefly conferred. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocellulose Based Functional Materials)
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