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Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases
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Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 17002

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiban Kumar Kundu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Plant Virus and Vector Interactions Group, Crop Research Institute, 16106 Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: plant virus and vector interactions; cereal and canola viruses; resistance; diagnosis; control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Piotr Trebicki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia
Interests: insect vectors; plant viruses; insect plant and pathogen interactions; plant disease epidemiology; insect physiology; climate change; insect and plant virus ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The insect-borne plant diseases caused by viruses, fungi, bacteria, and phytoplasmas are ubiquitous in agro-ecosystems and are economically important in both agriculture and forestry. The complex interactions between host, pathogen, vector, and environment affect host resistance or susceptibility, the virulence of the pathogen, and vector transmissibility. Both insect and pathogen co-evolve and influence each other, often modifying the host for their mutual benefit and survival. Many plant pathosystems consist of broad ecological communities modifying and/or influencing interactions including spread as well as host or vector manipulation to promote the transmission and genetic diversity of pathogens and disease severity. Furthermore, climate change can influence host–vector interactions, resulting in the alteration of the disease cycle and severity as well as many biological functions of the host. Despite the implementation of control strategies, many insect-borne disease epidemics still cause major economic losses and include outbreaks of Xylella fastidiosa, along with many viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases of annual and perennial crops, specifically transmitted by hemipteran insects (e.g., aphids, leafhoppers, planthoppers, whiteflies, and psyllids).

The aim of this Special Issue is to collate the latest research findings on the interactions between host, pathogen, and vector; disease epidemiology; genetic diversity; as well as environmental and evolutionary factors involving an agroecological perspective of insect-borne diseases.

Dr. Jiban Kumar Kundu
Dr. Piotr Trebicki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant disease
  • vectors biology and physiology
  • emerging and re-emerging insect-borne diseases
  • plant–pathogen–vector interactions
  • pathogen transmission mechanisms
  • virus, bacteria, phytoplasma
  • management and control of vector-borne diseases
  • abiotic factors affecting the epidemiology of plant disease

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3352 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Brassica Yellows Virus Causing Aberrant Color Symptoms in Oilseed Rape
by Qi Peng, Wei Li, Xiaoying Zhou, Chengming Sun, Yan Hou, Maolong Hu, Sanxiong Fu, Jiefu Zhang, Jiban Kumar Kundu and Lei Lei
Plants 2023, 12(5), 1008; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051008 - 23 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1751
Abstract
The emergence of brassica yellow virus (BrYV) has increasingly damaged crucifer crops in China in recent years. In 2020, a large number of oilseed rape in Jiangsu showed aberrant leaf color. A combined RNA-seq and RT-PCR analysis identified BrYV as the major viral [...] Read more.
The emergence of brassica yellow virus (BrYV) has increasingly damaged crucifer crops in China in recent years. In 2020, a large number of oilseed rape in Jiangsu showed aberrant leaf color. A combined RNA-seq and RT-PCR analysis identified BrYV as the major viral pathogen. A subsequent field survey showed that the average incidence of BrYV was 32.04%. In addition to BrYV, turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was also frequently detected. As a result, two near full-length BrYV isolates, BrYV-814NJLH and BrYV-NJ13, were cloned. Based on the newly obtained sequences and the reported BrYV and turnip yellow virus (TuYV) isolates, a phylogenetic analysis was performed, and it was found that all BrYV isolates share a common root with TuYV. Pairwise amino acid identity analysis revealed that both P2 and P3 were conserved in BrYV. Additionally, recombination analysis revealed seven recombinant events in BrYV as TuYV. We also attempted to determine BrYV infection by quantitative leaf color index, but no significant correlation was found between the two. Systemic observations indicated that BrYV-infected plants had different symptoms, such as no symptom, purple stem base and red old leaves. Overall, our work proves that BrYV is closely related to TuYV and could be considered as an epidemic strain for oilseed rape in Jiangsu. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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15 pages, 3826 KiB  
Article
Detecting Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Causing Ridge Gourd Yellow Mosaic Disease, and Other Begomoviruses by Antibody-Based Methods
by Priya Naganur, Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa, Raghavendra K. Mesta, Chilakalapudi Durga Rao, Venkataravanappa Venkataravanappa, Midatharahally Narasegowda Maruthi and Lakshminarayana Reddy C. Narasimha Reddy
Plants 2023, 12(3), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030490 - 20 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2410
Abstract
The incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl [...] Read more.
The incidence and severity of begomovirus diseases have been increasing around the world recently, and the ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.] is the latest example of a crop that has become highly susceptible to the outbreak of the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV, genus Begomovirus) in India. Accurate diagnosis of causal agents is important in designing disease management strategies. In this study the coat protein (CP) gene from a ToLCNDV-Rg ridge gourd isolate was used to produce polyclonal antibodies (ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb) in a rabbit. The antibodies successfully detected a 30.5 kDa ToLCNDV-Rg-CP in extracts of symptomatic ridge gourd leaf samples by several assays, such as Western Blotting (WB), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA), Direct Antigen Coating Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (DAC-ELISA), Immuno Capture Polymerase Chain Reaction (IC-PCR), and Immuno Capture Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (IC-LAMP) assays. However, none of the negative samples tested positive in either of the detection methods. Among all the methods tested, the immunocapture assay, IC-LAMP, was the most sensitive in detecting ToLCNDV-Rg. Furthermore, antibodies generated in this study also detected other commonly occurring begomoviruses in South India, such as tomato leaf curl Palampur virus and squash leaf curl China virus in cucurbits. Together, ToLCNDV-Rg-CP-PAb can be used for detecting at least three species of begomoviruses infecting cucurbits. The obtained antibodies will contribute to monitoring disease outbreaks in multiple crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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14 pages, 1200 KiB  
Article
Efficiency and Persistence of Movento® Treatment against Myzus persicae and the Transmission of Aphid-Borne Viruses
by Thomas Armand, Luâna Korn, Elodie Pichon, Marlène Souquet, Mélissandre Barbet, Jean-Laurent Martin, Magalie Devavry and Emmanuel Jacquot
Plants 2021, 10(12), 2747; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10122747 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2432
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are widely used to protect fields against aphid-borne viral diseases. The recent ban of these chemical compounds in the European Union has strongly impacted rapeseed and sugar beet growing practices. The poor sustainability of other insecticide families and the low efficiency of [...] Read more.
Neonicotinoids are widely used to protect fields against aphid-borne viral diseases. The recent ban of these chemical compounds in the European Union has strongly impacted rapeseed and sugar beet growing practices. The poor sustainability of other insecticide families and the low efficiency of prophylactic methods to control aphid populations and pathogen introduction strengthen the need to characterize the efficiency of new plant protection products targeting aphids. In this study, the impact of Movento® (Bayer S.A.S., Leverkusen, Germany), a tetrameric acid derivative of spirotetramat, on Myzus persicae and on viral transmission was analyzed under different growing temperatures. The results show (i) the high efficiency of Movento® to protect rapeseed and sugar beet plants against the establishment of aphid colonies, (ii) the impact of temperature on the persistence of the Movento® aphicid properties and (iii) a decrease of approximately 10% of the viral transmission on treated plants. These observations suggest a beneficial effect of Movento® on the sanitary quality of treated crops by directly reducing primary infections and indirectly altering, through aphid mortality, secondary infections on which the spread of disease within field depends. These data constitute important elements for the future development of management strategies to protect crops against aphid-transmitted viruses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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14 pages, 9859 KiB  
Article
Effect of Sugarcane Cultivars Infected with Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus (ScYLV) on Feeding Behavior and Biological Performance of Melanaphis sacchari (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
by Luiz Eduardo Tilhaqui Bertasello, Michele Carmo-Sousa, Nathalie K. Prado Maluta, Luciana Rossini Pinto, João R. Spotti Lopes and Marcos Cesar Gonçalves
Plants 2021, 10(10), 2122; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102122 - 06 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1870
Abstract
Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV), Polerovirus, Luteoviridae, is one of the main viruses that infect sugarcane worldwide. The virus is transmitted by the aphid Melanaphis sacchari in a persistent, circulative manner. To better understand the interactions between ScYLV, sugarcane genotypes and [...] Read more.
Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV), Polerovirus, Luteoviridae, is one of the main viruses that infect sugarcane worldwide. The virus is transmitted by the aphid Melanaphis sacchari in a persistent, circulative manner. To better understand the interactions between ScYLV, sugarcane genotypes and M. sacchari, we explored the effect of sugarcane cultivars on the feeding behavior and biological performance of the vector. The number of nymphs, adults, winged, total number of aphids and dead aphids was assayed, and an electrical penetration graph (EPG) was used to monitor the stylet activities. Multivariate analysis showed changes in the vector’s behavior and biology on cultivars, identifying specific groups of resistance. In the cultivar 7569, only 5.5% of the insects were able to stay longer on sustained phloem ingestion, while in the other seven cultivars these values varied from 20% to 60%. M. sacchari showed low phloem activities in cultivars 7569 and Bio266. Overall, cultivar 7569 showed the worst biological performance of aphids, with the insects presenting mechanical difficulties for feeding and a shorter duration of the phloem period, and thus being considered the most resistant. We conclude that ScYLV virus infection in different sugarcane cultivars induced specific changes in the host plant, modifying the behavior of its main vector, which may favor or impair virus transmission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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11 pages, 792 KiB  
Article
Fine Characterization of a Resistance Phenotype by Analyzing TuYV-Myzus persicae-Rapeseed Interactions
by Marlène Souquet, Elodie Pichon, Thomas Armand and Emmanuel Jacquot
Plants 2021, 10(2), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020317 - 06 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1920
Abstract
Turnip yellows virus (TuYV), transmitted by Myzus persicae, can be controlled in rapeseed fields by insecticide treatments. However, the recent ban of the neonicotinoids together with the description of pyrethrinoid-resistant aphids has weakened insecticide-based control methods available to farmers. Since the deployment [...] Read more.
Turnip yellows virus (TuYV), transmitted by Myzus persicae, can be controlled in rapeseed fields by insecticide treatments. However, the recent ban of the neonicotinoids together with the description of pyrethrinoid-resistant aphids has weakened insecticide-based control methods available to farmers. Since the deployment of insecticides in the 1980s, few research efforts were made to breed for rapeseed cultivars resistant to aphid-borne viral diseases. Thus, only few rapeseed cultivars released in Europe were reported to be TuYV-resistant, and the resistance phenotype of these cultivars was poorly characterized. In this study, several epidemiological parameters (infection rate, latency period, etc.) associated to the TuYV-resistance of the cv. Architect were estimated. Results showed a partial resistance phenotype for plants inoculated at the 2-/4-leaves stages and a resistance phenotype for plants inoculated at a more advanced growing stage. Moreover, analysis of infected plants highlighted (i) a poor quality of infected cv. Architect as a source of virus for transmission and (ii) an extended latency period for infected plants. Thus, dynamics of virus spread in the field should to be slower for Architect compared to susceptible rapeseed cultivars, which should lead to the maintenance of a higher proportion of healthy plants in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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12 pages, 307 KiB  
Article
Aphids Are Unable to Ingest Phloem Sap from the Peduncles of Lime Fruits
by Carolina Vázquez, Michele Carmo-Sousa, Joao Roberto Spotti Lopes, Alberto Fereres and Aranzazu Moreno
Plants 2020, 9(11), 1528; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111528 - 10 Nov 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1996
Abstract
Citrus exports to Europe are regulated enforcing that fruits shall be free from peduncles and leaves, as they represent an important pathway for the entrance of non-European (non-EU) Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates into the European Community. Aphids, are the vectors of CTV [...] Read more.
Citrus exports to Europe are regulated enforcing that fruits shall be free from peduncles and leaves, as they represent an important pathway for the entrance of non-European (non-EU) Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates into the European Community. Aphids, are the vectors of CTV and could potentially feed on peduncles of imported fruits and thus spread non-EU isolates of CTV across Europe. We studied the probing behaviour of the main vectors of CTV (Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus and Aphis gossypii) on lime leaves and peduncles to assess whether they could potentially transmit the virus. Aphids placed on peduncles rejected probing and feeding, tried to escape and spent most of their time on non-probing activities. Our work demonstrated that both A. citricidus and A. gossypii could not ingest sap from the phloem of lime peduncles, as phloem ingestion was never observed. This implies that aphids would not be able to acquire CTV from an infected fruit peduncle and transmit it to a susceptible plant. Our study supports that citrus exports with fruit peduncles to Europe may not be a real risk for the introduction of non-EU isolates of CTV to the European Community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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19 pages, 1981 KiB  
Article
Tomato Metabolic Changes in Response to Tomato-Potato Psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) and Its Vectored Pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum
by Jisun H.J. Lee, Henry O. Awika, Guddadarangavvanahally K. Jayaprakasha, Carlos A. Avila, Kevin M. Crosby and Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Plants 2020, 9(9), 1154; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091154 - 06 Sep 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2731
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is transmitted by the tomato potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli, to solanaceous crops. In the present study, the changes in metabolic profiles of insect-susceptible (cv CastleMart) and resistant (RIL LA3952) tomato plants in response [...] Read more.
The bacterial pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is transmitted by the tomato potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli, to solanaceous crops. In the present study, the changes in metabolic profiles of insect-susceptible (cv CastleMart) and resistant (RIL LA3952) tomato plants in response to TPP vectoring Lso or not, were examined after 48 h post infestation. Non-volatile and volatile metabolites were identified and quantified using headspace solid-phase microextraction equipped with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS), respectively. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to define the major uncorrelated metabolite components assuming the treatments as the correlated predictors. Metabolic changes in various classes of metabolites, including volatiles, hormones, and phenolics, were observed in resistant and susceptible plants in response to the insects carrying the pathogen or not. The results suggest the involvement of differentially regulated and, in some cases, implicates antagonistic metabolites in plant defensive signaling. Upon validation, the identified metabolites could be used as markers to screen and select breeding lines with enhanced resistance to reduce economic losses due to the TPP-Lso vector-pathogen complex in Solanaceous crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Vector-Borne Plant Diseases)
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