Effects of Climate Change on Olive Oil Yield and Quality

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2023) | Viewed by 3910

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel
Interests: olive pollination; biochemical and anatomical characterization of the olive abscission zone in fruits and leaves; olive breeding program; the effects of climate change on olive productivity

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Guest Editor
Olive Cultivation Lab, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, (NAGREF), 73134 Chania, Greece
Interests: climate change; agricultural sustainability; circular economy; soil, water and biodiversity conservation; remote sensing; plant breeding; ecosystem services; olive growing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The olive (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. europaea) has throughout its long history been the most important oil tree crop of the Mediterranean basin. From this area, it spread to Argentina, the United States, Chile, Uruguay, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, as well as to suitable parts of Asia. At present, the olive industry is undergoing a marked transformation in adjusting to today’s economic and climatic demands. Global climate change is identified as a major threat to the survival of natural ecosystems. Climate change is a dynamic, multifaceted system of alterations in environmental conditions that affect abiotic and biotic components of the world. It results in alteration in environmental conditions such as heat waves, intensity of rainfall, CO2 concentration, and temperature that lead to a rise in new pests, weeds, and
pathogens. Climate change has affected olive tree physiology in ways similar to its impact on other crops. Abiotic stresses are often interrelated in causing morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that adversely affect plant growth and productivity and ultimately lead to reduced yield. The sexual reproductive phase in plants has been proven to be vulnerable to the negative effects of abiotic stress.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together the latest advances in various aspects of the effects of climate change on olive yield and quality. We welcome original research papers, perspectives, opinions, reviews, modeling approaches, and methods that will be of interest to all those involved in adapting an ancient branch of agriculture to the challenges of the modern world and the current and future environmental conditions.

Dr. Giora Ben-Ari
Dr. Georgios Koubouris
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Olea europaea
  • climate change
  • olive oil
  • abiotic stress
  • fruit production
  • oil quality

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2266 KiB  
Article
Inflorescence Emergence and Flowering Response of Olive Cultivars Grown in Olive Reference Collection of Portugal (ORCP)
by Carla Inês, Maria C. Gomez-Jimenez and António M. Cordeiro
Plants 2023, 12(11), 2086; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112086 - 24 May 2023
Viewed by 1456
Abstract
In olive trees, fluctuations in the onset of phenological stages have been reported due to weather conditions. The present study analyses the reproductive phenology of 17 olive cultivars grown in Elvas (Portugal) in 3 consecutive years (2012–2014). Through 2017–2022, the phenological observations continued [...] Read more.
In olive trees, fluctuations in the onset of phenological stages have been reported due to weather conditions. The present study analyses the reproductive phenology of 17 olive cultivars grown in Elvas (Portugal) in 3 consecutive years (2012–2014). Through 2017–2022, the phenological observations continued with four cultivars. The phenological observations followed the BBCH scale. Over the course of the observations, the bud burst (stage 51) occurred gradually later; a few cultivars did not follow this trend in 2013. The flower cluster totally expanded phase (stage 55) was achieved gradually earlier, and the period between stages 51–55 was shortened, especially in 2014. Date of bud burst showed a negative correlation with minimum temperature (Tmin) of November–December, and, in ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Cobrançosa’, the interval stage 51–55 showed a negative correlation with both the Tmin of February and the Tmax of April, whereas in ‘Galega Vulgar’ and ‘Picual’ there was instead a positive correlation with the Tmin of March. These two seemed to be more responsive to early warm weather, whereas ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Cobrançosa’ were less sensitive. This investigation revealed that olive cultivars behaved differently under the same environmental conditions and, in some genotypes, the ecodormancy release may be linked to endogenous factors in a stronger way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Climate Change on Olive Oil Yield and Quality)
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24 pages, 3133 KiB  
Article
Studying Parameters Affecting Accumulation of Chilling Units Required for Olive Winter Flower Induction
by Chaim Engelen, Tahel Wechsler, Ortal Bakhshian, Ilan Smoly, Idan Flaks, Tamar Friedlander, Giora Ben-Ari and Alon Samach
Plants 2023, 12(8), 1714; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081714 - 20 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1625
Abstract
With global warming, mean winter temperatures are predicted to increase. Therefore, understanding how warmer winters will affect the levels of olive flower induction is essential for predicting the future sustainability of olive oil production under different climactic scenarios. Here, we studied the effect [...] Read more.
With global warming, mean winter temperatures are predicted to increase. Therefore, understanding how warmer winters will affect the levels of olive flower induction is essential for predicting the future sustainability of olive oil production under different climactic scenarios. Here, we studied the effect of fruit load, forced drought in winter, and different winter temperature regimes on olive flower induction using several cultivars. We show the necessity of studying trees with no previous fruit load as well as provide evidence that soil water content during winter does not significantly affect the expression of an FT-encoding gene in leaves and the subsequent rate of flower induction. We collected yearly flowering data for 5 cultivars for 9 to 11 winters, altogether 48 data sets. Analyzing hourly temperatures from these winters, we made initial attempts to provide an efficient method to calculate accumulated chill units that are then correlated with the level of flower induction in olives. While the new models tested here appear to predict the positive contribution of cold temperatures, they lack in accurately predicting the reduction in cold units caused by warm temperatures occurring during winter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Climate Change on Olive Oil Yield and Quality)
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