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Grapevine Genetic Resources
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Grapevine Genetic Resources

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetic Resources".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 2380

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Goran Zdunić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
Interests: plant genetic resources; genetic fingerprinting of grapevine cultivars; clonal evaluation; molecular identification (SSR, SNP markers); genetic diversity; grapevine responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; phenotyping; ampelography
Dr. Marijan Bubola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia
Interests: grapevine canopy management, impact of cultural practices on the composition of grapes and wine; grapevine physiology; grapevine responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; genetic diversity; phenotyping; ampelography

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Grapevine is a very old fruit crop with a wide range of varieties, forms and clonal variants. Despite the considerable global description of grapevine biodiversity to date, there are still many old, neglected cultivars in commercial vineyards and/or field gene banks, as well as populations of wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Gmelin Hegi) in natural sites that are undiscovered, unprotected, and unavailable for modern viticulture and breeding. Biodiversity assessments describing their phenotypes, genomes, and gene functions could open new opportunities for reintroducing interesting old varieties into the wine industry and creating new cultivars using modern breeding tools.

The study of grapevine diversity is a necessary step in understanding the overall function of grapevines in the context of dynamic environmental changes and biotic factors, with the final objective to satisfy the specific needs of the viticulture sector in this context. This issue aims to highlight grapevine biodiversity, genetics, and molecular markers, with special emphasis on DNA markers (SSR, SNP), gene functions, rare alleles, and their importance in the context of the resilience of viticulture production to climate changes. This Special Issue is dedicated to deciphering the untapped potential of grapevine genetic resources and to make a contribution to the possible reintroduction of old, local, minor and neglected grapevine varieties with the aim to improve the composition of grapes and quality of wines in the context of the climate changes which are impairing the sustainability of viticulture production in several wine-growing regions worldwide.

Dr. Goran Zdunić
Dr. Marijan Bubola
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ampelography
  • molecular markers
  • biodiversity
  • phenome
  • genome

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3572 KiB  
Article
Monitoring and Genotyping of Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris) in Slovenia
by Andrej Perko, Oliver Trapp, Erika Maul, Franco Röckel, Andrej Piltaver and Stanko Vršič
Plants 2024, 13(9), 1234; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091234 - 29 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (sylvestris) is the only native wild grapevine in Eurasia (Europe and western Asia) and is the existing ancestor of the grapevine varieties (for wine and table grape production) belonging to the subsp. sativa. In Slovenia, [...] Read more.
Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (sylvestris) is the only native wild grapevine in Eurasia (Europe and western Asia) and is the existing ancestor of the grapevine varieties (for wine and table grape production) belonging to the subsp. sativa. In Slovenia, the prevailing opinion has been that there are no Slovenian sylvestris habitats. This study describes sylvestris in Slovenia for the first time and aims to present an overview of the locations of the wild grapevine in the country. In this project, a sample set of 89 accessions were examined using 24 SSR and 2 SSR markers plus APT3 markers to determine flower sex. The accessions were found in forests on the left bank of the Sava River in Slovenia, on the border between alluvial soils and limestone and dolomite soils, five different sites, some of which are described for the first time. The proportion of female to male accessions differed between sites. At two sites, female plants dominated; at others, the ratio was balanced. The plants’ genetic diversity and structure were compared with autochthonous and unique varieties of subsp. sativa from old vineyards in Slovenia and with rootstocks escaped from nature from abandoned vineyards. Sylvestris was clearly distinguishable from vinifera and the rootstocks. Based on genetic analyses, it was confirmed that Slovenian sylvestris is closest to the Balkan and German sylvestris groups. Meanwhile, a safety duplication of the wild grapevine accessions has been established at the University Centre of Viticulture and Enology Meranovo, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Maribor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grapevine Genetic Resources)
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13 pages, 4352 KiB  
Article
A Novel Sorbitol-Based Flow Cytometry Buffer Is Effective for Genome Size Estimation across a Cypriot Grapevine Collection
by Kyriakos Michael, Constantina Andreou, Anastasia Markou, Michalakis Christoforou and Nikolaos Nikoloudakis
Plants 2024, 13(5), 733; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13050733 - 05 Mar 2024
Viewed by 662
Abstract
Flow cytometry (FCM) is a widely used technique to study genome size (C-value), but recalcitrant metabolites in grapevines often hinder its efficiency in grapevine research. The aim of the present study was (i) to develop a novel buffer tailormade for the nuclei isolation [...] Read more.
Flow cytometry (FCM) is a widely used technique to study genome size (C-value), but recalcitrant metabolites in grapevines often hinder its efficiency in grapevine research. The aim of the present study was (i) to develop a novel buffer tailormade for the nuclei isolation of grapevines and (ii) to characterize a Cypriot germplasm collection based on C-values. A local cultivar “Xinisteri” was used as a pilot test to evaluate a Sorbitol-based buffer, while sprouting, young, and fully matured leaves were examined to evaluate the developmental parameter. The novel Sorbitol buffer was shown to have a coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.06%, indicating improved properties compared to other commonly used FCM buffers [WPB (7.69%), LB01 (6.69%), and LB (7.13%), respectively]. In addition, a significant variation in genome size between genotypes was found in a comprehensive application with 24 grape varieties. Nucleic content (2C) ranged from 0.577/1C pg for the “Assyrtiko” cultivar up to 0.597/1C pg for the “Spourtiko” cultivar, revealing a 17.6/1C Mbp difference. The lowest coefficient of variation (CV) across all entries was found in the variety “Ofthalmo” (2.29%), while the highest was observed in “Pinot Noir” (3.44%). Anova analysis revealed several distinct clusters, showing that in several cases, C-values can be used as a simple method to distinguish grapevine cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grapevine Genetic Resources)
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15 pages, 1525 KiB  
Article
Biochemical Response and Gene Expression to Water Deficit of Croatian Grapevine Cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) and a Specimen of Vitis sylvestris
by Katarina Lukšić, Ana Mucalo, Ana Smolko, Lidija Brkljačić, Luka Marinov, Katarina Hančević, Maja Ozretić Zoković, Marijan Bubola, Edi Maletić, Jasminka Karoglan Kontić, Marko Karoglan, Branka Salopek-Sondi and Goran Zdunić
Plants 2023, 12(19), 3420; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193420 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1158
Abstract
The biochemical response and gene expression in different grapevine cultivars to water deficit are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the performance of four traditional Croatian Vitis vinifera L. cultivars (‘Plavac mali crni’, ‘Istrian Malvasia’, ‘Graševina’, and ‘Tribidrag’), and one [...] Read more.
The biochemical response and gene expression in different grapevine cultivars to water deficit are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the performance of four traditional Croatian Vitis vinifera L. cultivars (‘Plavac mali crni’, ‘Istrian Malvasia’, ‘Graševina’, and ‘Tribidrag’), and one wild (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) genotype exposed to water deficit (WD) for nine days under semi-controlled conditions in the greenhouse. Sampling for biochemical and gene expression analyses was performed at days six and nine from the beginning of WD treatment. The WD affected the accumulation of metabolites with a significant increase in abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and proline in the leaves of the stressed genotypes when the WD continued for nine days. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) was not significantly different from that of the control plants after six days of WD, whereas it was significantly lower (297.40 nmol/g dw) in the stressed plants after nine days. The cultivar ‘Istrian Malvasia’ responded rapidly to the WD and showed the highest and earliest increase in ABA levels (1.16 ng mg−1 dw, i.e., 3.4-fold increase compared to control). ‘Graševina’ differed significantly from the other genotypes in SA content at both time points analyzed (six and nine days, 47.26 and 49.63 ng mg−1 dw, respectively). Proline level increased significantly under WD (up to 5-fold at day nine), and proline variation was not genotype driven. The expression of aquaporin genes (TIP2;1 and PIP2;1) was down-regulated in all genotypes, coinciding with the accumulation of ABA. The gene NCED1 (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase) related to ABA was up-regulated in all genotypes under stress conditions and served as a reliable marker of drought stress. This work suggests that the stress response in metabolite synthesis and accumulation is complex, treatment- and genotype-dependent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grapevine Genetic Resources)
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