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Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals
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Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2021) | Viewed by 27888

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Judit Dobránszki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Agricultural Genomics and Biotechnology, Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Science and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
Interests: plant tissue culture; in vitro culture; organogenesis; cytokinins; ultrasound; transcriptomics; epigenetics
Dr. Marcos Edel Martinez-Montero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Conservation, Bioplantas Center, University of Ciego de Avila, Ciego de Ávila 65200, Cuba
Interests: plant tissue culture; in vitro culture; plant cryopreservation; cryobionomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Beyond its use for large-scale micropropagation and other potent biotechnological techniques, plant tissue culture is an important tool for studying the biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and communication of plants under controlled environments and on artificial, well-defined media.

Plants are constantly exposed to the influence of their environment. Being sessile organisms, plants are not able to escape from their changing surroundings. Climate change and environmental stability are critical, largely because plant growth, development, and reproduction are regulated by seasonal cues. Therefore, their ability to sense and respond to different environmental stimuli—either chemical or physical—are of adaptive and even evolutionary importance. Recent findings support the importance of physical signals like visible light, UV light, temperature, acoustic waves etc. in the adaptation of plants to environments with mostly suboptimal conditions by changing their growth and development. Regarding the developmental aspect, some studies have suggested that ROS signaling as messengers or transmitters of environmental cues are involved in regulating seed germination.

The benefit of perceiving and responding to physical signals includes that they are able to spread more rapidly and with less energy costs than chemical triggers, allowing plants to alter their growth and development accordingly. The effects of environmental physical factors and signals can be well studied using plant tissue cultured cells, tissues, explants, organs, or plantlets. In plant tissue culture, the organ development and morphogenesis can be regulated and modified by changing the in vitro physical conditions, like light, temperature, sound or ultrasound waves, etc. Environmental cues and signals (physical or chemical) are also of importance in tissue-culture-related methods. As an example, cryopreservation involves the exposure of in vitro cells or tissues to physical, chemical, and physiological stresses causing cryoinjury, and a perspective of cryobionomics is that molecular changes may be indicative of a positive adaptive response to the stresses incurred which may be advantageous to post-storage survival.

This Special Issue aims to cover various aspects of plant tissue culture as a tool, where the plant plasticity to different environmental cues and signals—primarily but not exclusively physical ones—are studied, including molecular, biochemical, biophysical, morpho-physiological, growth, and developmental aspects of plant response. Studies on the effects of physical cues and signals modifying the plant physiology, development, and growth in various tissue culture and related methods will also be presented. Studies focusing on epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Judit Dobránszki
Dr. Marcos Edel Martinez-Montero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • cryobionomics
  • cryopreservation
  • environmental cues
  • epigenetics
  • in vitro culture
  • light
  • morphogenesis
  • organogenesis
  • plant adaptive response
  • plant perception
  • plant plasticity
  • plant tissue culture
  • ROS
  • sound
  • stress
  • temperature
  • transcriptomics
  • ultrasound

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 3012 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Production of Somaclones with Decreased Erucic Acid Content in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern&Coss]
by Chitralekha Shyam, Manoj Kumar Tripathi, Sushma Tiwari, Niraj Tripathi, Ravindra Singh Solanki, Swapnil Sapre, Ashok Ahuja and Sharad Tiwari
Plants 2021, 10(7), 1297; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071297 - 25 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3150
Abstract
Brassica juncea is a crucial cultivated mustard species and principal oilseed crop of India and Madhya Pradesh, grown for diverse vegetables, condiments, and oilseeds. Somaclonal variation was explored as a probable source of additional variability for the manipulation of fatty acids, especially low [...] Read more.
Brassica juncea is a crucial cultivated mustard species and principal oilseed crop of India and Madhya Pradesh, grown for diverse vegetables, condiments, and oilseeds. Somaclonal variation was explored as a probable source of additional variability for the manipulation of fatty acids, especially low erucic acid contents that may be valuable for this commercially important plant species. The plantlets regenerated from tissue cultures (R0), their R1 generation and respective parental lines were compared for morpho-physiological traits and fatty acid profile for the probable existence of somaclonal variations. The first putative somaclone derived from genotype CS54 contained 5.48% and 5.52% erucic acid in R0 and R1 regenerants, respectively, compared to the mother plant (41.36%). In comparison, the second somaclone acquired from PM30 exhibited a complete absence of erucic acid corresponding to its mother plant (1.07%). These putative somaclones present a source of variation for exploitation in the development of future mustard crops with low erucic acid content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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11 pages, 2394 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Different Semi-Automated Bioreactors for In Vitro Propagation of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott)
by Eucario Mancilla-Álvarez, Juan Antonio Pérez-Sato, Rosalía Núñez-Pastrana, José L. Spinoso-Castillo and Jericó J. Bello-Bello
Plants 2021, 10(5), 1010; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10051010 - 19 May 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3231
Abstract
Taro is important for its nutritional content, medicinal use, and bioethanol production. The aim of the present study was to compare different semi-automated bioreactors (SABs) during in vitro multiplication of C. esculenta. The SABs used were temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs), SETIS™ bioreactors [...] Read more.
Taro is important for its nutritional content, medicinal use, and bioethanol production. The aim of the present study was to compare different semi-automated bioreactors (SABs) during in vitro multiplication of C. esculenta. The SABs used were temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs), SETIS™ bioreactors and ebb-and-flow bioreactors; semi-solid culture medium was used as a control treatment. At 30 d of culture, different developmental variables, determination of chlorophyll, stomatal content, and survival percentage during acclimatization were evaluated. SABs increased the shoot multiplication rate relative to the semi-solid medium; however, the SETIS™ bioreactor showed the highest shoot production, with 36 shoots per explant, and the highest chlorophyll content. The stomatal index was higher in the semi-solid medium compared to the SABs, while the percentage of closed stomata was higher in the SABs than in the semi-solid culture medium. The survival rate during acclimatization showed no differences among the culture systems assessed, obtaining survival rates higher than 99%. In conclusion, the SETIS™ bioreactor showed the highest multiplication rate; however, other bioreactor alternatives are available for semi-automation and cost reduction for micropropagation of C. esculenta. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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18 pages, 848 KiB  
Article
Paphiopedilum insigne Morphological and Physiological Features during In Vitro Rooting and Ex Vitro Acclimatization Depending on the Types of Auxin and Substrate
by Monika Poniewozik, Marzena Parzymies, Paweł Szot and Katarzyna Rubinowska
Plants 2021, 10(3), 582; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030582 - 19 Mar 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3274
Abstract
To obtain healthy and good quality plants from in vitro cultivation, it is necessary to produce plantlets with well-developed rooting systems because they must undergo acclimatization, a final and a very difficult stage of micropropagation. In the present research, the effect of auxins [...] Read more.
To obtain healthy and good quality plants from in vitro cultivation, it is necessary to produce plantlets with well-developed rooting systems because they must undergo acclimatization, a final and a very difficult stage of micropropagation. In the present research, the effect of auxins NAA, IAA and IBA in concentrations of 0.5; 1; 2.5 and 5 mg·dm−3 on the Paphiopediluminsigne in vitro rooting was studied, and it was noted that 1 mg·dm−3 of IAA or IBA enabled the obtaining of a lot of rooted and good quality plantlets. The subsequent influence of the two most advantageous auxins on the acclimatization of plantlets in different substrates (sphagnum moss, sphagnum moss + substrate for orchids, substrate for orchids, substrate for orchids + acid peat) was tested, in the means of morphological features of plants and their physiological parameters, i.e., chlorophyll fluorescence (FV, Fm, Fv/Fm), stress enzyme activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase), and water balance. Considering all the tested features, it might be stated that the best results were obtained when explants were rooted in vitro in the presence of 1 mg·dm−3 of IAA and then planted ex vitro in substrate for orchids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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20 pages, 99075 KiB  
Article
Cell Suspension Culture and In Vitro Screening for Drought Tolerance in Soybean Using Poly-Ethylene Glycol
by Nishi Mishra, Manoj Kumar Tripathi, Sushma Tiwari, Niraj Tripathi, Swapnil Sapre, Ashok Ahuja and Sharad Tiwari
Plants 2021, 10(3), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030517 - 10 Mar 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5800
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is used in India mostly as a substantial fund of protein and oil, which makes the crop significantly important. Somaclonal variation has been researched as a base of additional variability for drought in soybean. In the present [...] Read more.
Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) is used in India mostly as a substantial fund of protein and oil, which makes the crop significantly important. Somaclonal variation has been researched as a base of additional variability for drought in soybean. In the present experiment calli/cell clumps/embryoids rose from immature and mature embryonic axis and cotyledons explants were exposed to different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). A discontinuous method proved to be superior as it permitted the calli/embryoids/cell clumps to regain their regeneration competence. A total of 64 (12.21%) plantlets of genotype JS335 and 78 (13.13%) of genotype JS93-05 were regenerated after four consequent subcultures on the selection medium with an effective lethal concentration of 20% PEG6000, and proliferated calli/embryoids/cell clumps were further subcultured on Murashige and Skoog regeneration medium supplemented with 0.5 mgL−1 each of α-napthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzyladenine (BA) and Kinetin (Kn), 20.0 gL−1 sucrose and 7.5 gL−1 agar. Putative drought-tolerant plantlets were acquired from genotype JS93-05 (38) in more numbers compared to genotype JS335 (26). Random decamer primers confirmed the presence of variability between mother plants and regenerated plants from both the genotypes. Since these plantlets recovered from tolerant calli/embryoids/cell clumps selected from the medium supplemented with PEG6000, the possibility exists that these plants may prove to be tolerant against drought stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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16 pages, 3521 KiB  
Article
Biochemical and Genetic Responses of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Microplants under Mannitol-Induced Osmotic Stress In Vitro
by Lidiia Samarina, Alexandra Matskiv, Taisiya Simonyan, Natalia Koninskaya, Valentina Malyarovskaya, Maya Gvasaliya, Lyudmila Malyukova, Gregory Tsaturyan, Alfiya Mytdyeva, Marcos Edel Martinez-Montero, Ravish Choudhary and Alexey Ryndin
Plants 2020, 9(12), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121795 - 17 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3086
Abstract
Osmotic stress is a major factor reducing the growth and yield of many horticultural crops worldwide. To reveal reliable markers of tolerant genotypes, we need a comprehensive understanding of the responsive mechanisms in crops. In vitro stress induction can be an efficient tool [...] Read more.
Osmotic stress is a major factor reducing the growth and yield of many horticultural crops worldwide. To reveal reliable markers of tolerant genotypes, we need a comprehensive understanding of the responsive mechanisms in crops. In vitro stress induction can be an efficient tool to study the mechanisms of responses in plants to help gain a better understanding of the physiological and genetic responses of plant tissues against each stress factor. In the present study, the osmotic stress was induced by addition of mannitol into the culture media to reveal biochemical and genetic responses of tea microplants. The contents of proline, threonine, epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin gallate were increased in leaves during mannitol treatment. The expression level of several genes, namely DHN2, LOX1, LOX6, BAM, SUS1, TPS11, RS1, RS2, and SnRK1.3, was elevated by 2–10 times under mannitol-induced osmotic stress, while the expression of many other stress-related genes was not changed significantly. Surprisingly, down-regulation of the following genes, viz. bHLH12, bHLH7, bHLH21, bHLH43, CBF1, WRKY2, SWEET1, SWEET2, SWEET3, INV5, and LOX7, was observed. During this study, two major groups of highly correlated genes were observed. The first group included seven genes, namely CBF1, DHN3, HXK2,SnRK1.1, SPS, SWEET3, and SWEET1. The second group comprised eight genes, viz. DHN2, SnRK1.3, HXK3, RS1, RS2,LOX6, SUS4, and BAM5. A high level of correlation indicates the high strength connection of the genes which can be co-expressed or can be linked to the joint regulons. The present study demonstrates that tea plants develop several adaptations to cope under osmotic stress in vitro; however, some important stress-related genes were silent or downregulated in microplants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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Review

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62 pages, 1046 KiB  
Review
Phytotoxicity and Other Adverse Effects on the In Vitro Shoot Cultures Caused by Virus Elimination Treatments: Reasons and Solutions
by Katalin Magyar-Tábori, Nóra Mendler-Drienyovszki, Alexandra Hanász, László Zsombik and Judit Dobránszki
Plants 2021, 10(4), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040670 - 31 Mar 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5693
Abstract
In general, in vitro virus elimination is based on the culture of isolated meristem, and in addition thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy, and cryotherapy can also be applied. During these processes, plantlets suffer several stresses, which can result in low rate of survival, inhibited growth, [...] Read more.
In general, in vitro virus elimination is based on the culture of isolated meristem, and in addition thermotherapy, chemotherapy, electrotherapy, and cryotherapy can also be applied. During these processes, plantlets suffer several stresses, which can result in low rate of survival, inhibited growth, incomplete development, or abnormal morphology. Even though the in vitro cultures survive the treatment, further development can be inhibited; thus, regeneration capacity of treated in vitro shoots or explants play also an important role in successful virus elimination. Sensitivity of genotypes to treatments is very different, and the rate of destruction largely depends on the physiological condition of plants as well. Exposure time of treatments affects the rate of damage in almost every therapy. Other factors such as temperature, illumination (thermotherapy), type and concentration of applied chemicals (chemo- and cryotherapy), and electric current intensity (electrotherapy) also may have a great impact on the rate of damage. However, there are several ways to decrease the harmful effect of treatments. This review summarizes the harmful effects of virus elimination treatments applied on tissue cultures reported in the literature. The aim of this review is to expound the solutions that can be used to mitigate phytotoxic and other adverse effects in practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Tissue Culture for Studying the Environmental Cues and Signals)
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