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Tea Plants Cultivation
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Tea Plants Cultivation

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 7233

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Li Ruan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Interests: tea plant–environmental interactions; soil health; digitization in tea gardens; nutrient management of tea plants; carbon cycle of soil and tea plants
Prof. Dr. Wanping Fang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Collage of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Interests: tea cultivation; ecologial tea plantation; microbial community composition and function of tea plantation soil; precise fertilization in tea plantation; soil’s ecological and multifunctional properties
Dr. Guixiang Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
Interests: microbial community composition and function of soil; soil health; carbon and nitrogen cycle of soil
Dr. Yu Duan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Collage of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Interests: tea plant growth and metabolism; agroforestry ecological planting; carbon and nitrogen metabolism; soil microbial community

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tea plant cultivation is a comprehensive technical science, which provides a vital guarantee for improving tea yield and quality, reducing production costs, improving labor efficiency and economic benefits. Furthermore, we should pay more attention to the interaction between tea planting and the environment. Only in this way can we promote the green and sustainable development of the tea industry. Therefore, multi-discipline studies are essential for tea cultivation research. Much remains to be discovered, including information on tea plant–environmental interactions, targeted cultivation of healthy soil in tea gardens, green and low-carbon cultivation modes, anti-stress and disaster reduction technology and intelligent equipment in tea gardens and so on. This Special Issue of Plants will highlight the tea plant–environmental interactions, soil health, emission reduction, and digitization in tea gardens.

Prof. Dr. Li Ruan
Prof. Dr. Wanping Fang
Dr. Guixiang Zhou
Dr. Yu Duan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tea plant–environmental interactions
  • soil microbial community
  • carbon cycle of soil
  • ecological tea plantation
  • soil health
  • soil degradation
  • intelligent equipment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2436 KiB  
Article
Effect of Shading on Physiological Attributes and Proteomic Analysis of Tea during Low Temperatures
by Shah Zaman, Jiazhi Shen, Shuangshuang Wang, Dapeng Song, Hui Wang, Shibo Ding, Xu Pang, Mengqi Wang, Yu Wang and Zhaotang Ding
Plants 2024, 13(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010063 - 24 Dec 2023
Viewed by 839
Abstract
Shading is an important technique to protect tea plantations under abiotic stresses. In this study, we analyzed the effect of shading (SD60% shade vs. SD0% no-shade) on the physiological attributes and proteomic analysis of tea leaves in November and December during low temperatures. [...] Read more.
Shading is an important technique to protect tea plantations under abiotic stresses. In this study, we analyzed the effect of shading (SD60% shade vs. SD0% no-shade) on the physiological attributes and proteomic analysis of tea leaves in November and December during low temperatures. The results revealed that shading protected the tea plants, including their soil plant analysis development (SPAD), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and nitrogen content (N), in November and December. The proteomics analysis of tea leaves was determined using tandem mass tags (TMT) technology and a total of 7263 proteins were accumulated. Further, statistical analysis and the fold change of significant proteins (FC < 0.67 and FC > 1.5 p < 0.05) revealed 14 DAPs, 11 increased and 3 decreased, in November (nCK_vs_nSD60), 20 DAPs, 7 increased and 13 decreased, in December (dCK_vs_dSD60), and 12 DAPs, 3 increased and 9 decreased, in both November and December (nCK_vs_nSD60). These differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were dehydrins (DHNs), late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA), thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), gibberellin-regulated proteins (GAs), proline-rich proteins (PRPs), cold and drought proteins (CORA-like), and early light-induced protein 1, which were found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplast, extra cell, and plasma membrane, and functioned in catalytic, cellular, stimulus-response, and metabolic pathways. In conclusion, the proliferation of key proteins was triggered by translation and posttranslational modifications, which might sustain membrane permeability in tea cellular compartments and could be responsible for tea protection under shading during low temperatures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the conventional breeding technique (shading) and modern molecular technologies (proteomics) on tea plants, for the development and protection of new tea cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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19 pages, 2799 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Analysis of microRNAs and the Transcriptome Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Leaf Development in Xinyang Maojian Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)
by Xianyou Wang, Ruijin Zhou, Shanshan Zhao and Shengyang Niu
Plants 2023, 12(21), 3665; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213665 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 856
Abstract
Xinyang Maojian (XYMJ) tea is one of the world’s most popular green teas; the development of new sprouts directly affects the yield and quality of tea products, especially for XYMJ, which has hairy tips. Here, we used transcriptome and small RNA sequencing to [...] Read more.
Xinyang Maojian (XYMJ) tea is one of the world’s most popular green teas; the development of new sprouts directly affects the yield and quality of tea products, especially for XYMJ, which has hairy tips. Here, we used transcriptome and small RNA sequencing to identify mRNAs and miRNAs, respectively, involved in regulating leaf development in different plant tissues (bud, leaf, and stem). We identified a total of 381 conserved miRNAs. Given that no genomic data for XYMJ green tea are available, we compared the sequencing data for XYMJ green tea with genomic data from a closely related species (Tieguanyin) and the Camellia sinensis var. sinensis database; we identified a total of 506 and 485 novel miRNAs, respectively. We also identified 11 sequence-identical novel miRNAs in the tissues of XYMJ tea plants. Correlation analyses revealed 97 miRNA–mRNA pairs involved in leaf growth and development; the csn-miR319-2/csnTCP2 and miR159–csnMYB modules were found to be involved in leaf development in XYMJ green tea. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate the expression levels of the miRNAs and mRNAs. The miRNAs and target genes identified in this study might shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of leaf development in tea plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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16 pages, 5914 KiB  
Article
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effect of Pruning on Growth, Quality, and Yield of Wuyi Rock Tea
by Qi Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yuhua Wang, Jishuang Zou, Shaoxiong Lin, Meihui Chen, Pengyao Miao, Xiaoli Jia, Pengyuan Cheng, Xiaomin Pang, Jianghua Ye and Haibin Wang
Plants 2023, 12(20), 3625; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203625 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 987
Abstract
Pruning is an important agronomic measure in tea plantation management. In this study, we analyzed the effect of pruning on gene expression in tea leaves from a transcriptomics perspective and verified the results of a transcriptomic analysis in terms of changes in physiological [...] Read more.
Pruning is an important agronomic measure in tea plantation management. In this study, we analyzed the effect of pruning on gene expression in tea leaves from a transcriptomics perspective and verified the results of a transcriptomic analysis in terms of changes in physiological indicators of tea leaves. The results showed that pruning enhanced the gene expression of nine metabolic pathways in tea leaves, including fatty acid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and plant hormone signal transduction, thereby promoting the growth of tea plants and increasing tea yield. However, pruning reduced the gene expression of nine metabolic pathways, including secondary metabolites biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, and lowered the content of caffeine, flavonoids, and free amino acids in tea plant leaves. In conclusion, pruning could promote the growth of tea plants and increase the yield of tea, but it was not conducive to the accumulation of some quality indicators in tea leaves, especially caffeine, flavonoids, and free amino acids, which, in turn, reduced the quality of tea. This study provides an important theoretical reference for the management of agronomic measures in tea plantations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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19 pages, 3925 KiB  
Article
Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Discula theae-sinensis Isolated from Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) and Interaction with Colletotrichum spp.
by Qingsheng Li, Junyan Zhu, Ning Ren, Da Li, Ya Jin, Wenyuan Lu and Qinhua Lu
Plants 2023, 12(19), 3427; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193427 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1029
Abstract
Anthracnose is one of the primary diseases in tea plants that affect tea yield and quality. The geographical distribution, occurrence regularity, and agronomic measures of tea plants with anthracnose have been researched for decades. However, the pathogenic cause of anthracnose in tea plants [...] Read more.
Anthracnose is one of the primary diseases in tea plants that affect tea yield and quality. The geographical distribution, occurrence regularity, and agronomic measures of tea plants with anthracnose have been researched for decades. However, the pathogenic cause of anthracnose in tea plants is diverse in different regions of the world. Identifying the specific pathogenic fungi causing tea anthracnose is an essential control measure to mitigate this disease. In this study, 66 Discula theae-sinensis and 45 Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from three different types of diseased tea leaves. Based on multilocus phylogenetic and morphological analysis, eight known species of Colletotrichum, Colletotrichum fructicola, C. camelliae, C. aenigma, C. siamense, C. henanense, C. karstii, C. tropicicola, and C. gigasporum were identified. This study is the first to report C. tropicicola and C. gigasporum in tea plants in China. Discula theae-sinensis was the most common species in this study and caused disease lesions around wounded areas of tea leaves. The dual trials in vitro indicated Discula theae-sinensis and Colletotrichum were slightly inhibited. Co-inoculating Discula theae-sinensis and C. fructicola was superior to single inoculation at low concentrations. The main cause of anthracnose might be the concerted action of a variety of fungi. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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15 pages, 8878 KiB  
Article
Effect of Soil Acidification on the Production of Se-Rich Tea
by Bin Yang, Huan Zhang, Wenpei Ke, Jie Jiang, Yao Xiao, Jingjing Tian, Xujun Zhu, Lianggang Zong and Wanping Fang
Plants 2023, 12(15), 2882; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12152882 - 07 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
Selenium (Se)-enriched tea is a well-regarded natural beverage that is often consumed for its Se supplementation benefits. However, the production of this tea, particularly in Se-abundant tea plantations, is challenging due to soil acidification. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of [...] Read more.
Selenium (Se)-enriched tea is a well-regarded natural beverage that is often consumed for its Se supplementation benefits. However, the production of this tea, particularly in Se-abundant tea plantations, is challenging due to soil acidification. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of changes in Se under acidified soil conditions. Eight tea plantation soil monitoring sites in Southern Jiangsu were first selected. Simulated acid rain experiments and experiments with different acidification methods were designed and soil pH, as well as various Al-ion and Se-ion concentrations were systematically determined. The data were analyzed using R statistical software, and a correlation analysis was carried out. The results indicated that as the pH value dropped, exchangeable selenium (Exc-Se) and residual selenium (Res-Se) were transformed into acid-soluble selenium (Fmo-Se) and manganese oxide selenium (Om-Se). As the pH increased, exchange state aluminum (Alex) and water-soluble aluminum (Alw) decreased, Fmo-Se and Om-Se declined, and Exc-Se and Res-Se increased, a phenomenon attributed to the weakened substitution of Se ions by Al ions. In the simulated acid rain experiment, P1 compared to the control (CK), the pH value of the YJW tea plantation decreased by 0.13, Exc-Se decreased by 4 ug mg−1, Res-Se decreased by 54.65 ug kg−1, Fmo-Se increased by 2.78 ug mg−1, and Om-Se increased by 5.94 ug mg−1 while Alex increased by 28.53 mg kg−1. The decrease in pH led to an increase in the content of Alex and Alw, which further resulted in the conversion of Exc-Se to Fmo-Se and Om-Se. In various acidification experiments, compared with CK, the pH value of T6 decreased by 0.23, Exc-Se content decreased by 8.35 ug kg−1, Res-Se content decreased by 40.62 ug kg−1, and Fmo-Se content increased by 15.52 ug kg−1 while Alex increased by 33.67 mg kg−1, Alw increased by 1.7 mg kg−1, and Alh decreased by 573.89 mg kg−1. Acidification can trigger the conversion of Exc-Se to Fmo-Se and Om-Se, while the content of available Se may decrease due to the complexation interplay between Alex and Exc-Se. This study provides a theoretical basis for solving the problem of Se-enriched in tea caused by soil acidification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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14 pages, 10056 KiB  
Article
Effects of Tea Plant Varieties with High- and Low-Nutrient Efficiency on Nutrients in Degraded Soil
by Li Ruan, Xin Li, Yuhang Song, Jianwu Li and Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya
Plants 2023, 12(4), 905; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040905 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1801
Abstract
Tea plants are widely planted in tropical and subtropical regions globally, especially in southern China. The high leaching and strong soil acidity in these areas, in addition to human factors (e.g., tea picking and inappropriate fertilization methods) aggravate the lack of nutrients in [...] Read more.
Tea plants are widely planted in tropical and subtropical regions globally, especially in southern China. The high leaching and strong soil acidity in these areas, in addition to human factors (e.g., tea picking and inappropriate fertilization methods) aggravate the lack of nutrients in tea garden soil. Therefore, improving degraded tea-growing soil is urgently required. Although the influence of biological factors (e.g., tea plant variety) on soil nutrients has been explored in the existing literature, there are few studies on the inhibition of soil nutrient degradation using different tea plant varieties. In this study, two tea plant varieties with different nutrient efficiencies (high-nutrient-efficiency variety: Longjing43 (LJ43); low-nutrient-efficiency variety: Liyou002 (LY002)) were studied. Under a one-side fertilization mode of two rows and two plants, the tea plant growth status, soil pH, and available nutrients in the soil profiles were analyzed, aiming to reveal the improvement of degraded soil using different tea varieties. The results showed that (1) differences in the phenotypic features of growth (such as dry tea yield, chlorophyll, leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content) between the fertilization belts in LJ43 (LJ43-near and LJ43-far) were lower than those in LY002. (2) RDA results showed that the crucial soil nutrient factors which determine the features of tea plants included available P, slowly available K, and available K. Moreover, acidification was more serious near the fertilization belt. The pH of the soil near LJ43 was higher than that near LY002, indicating an improvement in soil acidification. (3) Soil nutrient heterogeneity between fertilization belts in LJ43 (LJ43-near and LJ43-far) was lower than in LY002. In conclusion, the long-term one-side fertilization mode of two rows and two plants usually causes spatial heterogeneities in soil nutrients and aggravates soil acidification. However, LJ43 can reduce the nutrient heterogeneities and soil acidification, which is probably due to the preferential development of secondary roots. These results are helpful in understanding the influence of tea plant variety on improving soil nutrients and provide a relevant scientific reference for breeding high-quality tea varieties, improving the state of degraded soil and maintaining soil health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tea Plants Cultivation)
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