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Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants
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Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2020) | Viewed by 24876

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Véronique Eparvier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNRS—Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Interests: analytical chemistry; microorganisms; endophytes; secondary metabolites antimicrobial; metabolomics; functional chemodiversity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The search for antimicrobial molecules represents a global challenge in the field of public health. The emergence of multiresistant pathogenic microbial strains and the global increase in the incidence of bacterial and fungal infections have motivated the search for new antibiotics. Novel lead-like antibiotic molecules and, in particular, drugs belonging to new structural classes are urgently needed.

The plant kingdom is considered a rich source of the most diverse structures, and some of them, including alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids, show strong antimicrobial properties. So far, metabolites considered as plant defense compounds have been used and studied for their antimicrobial properties alone or in combination with few compounds. New concepts are needed in our battle to attenuate infectious diseases around the word, and broad-spectrum plant-inspired synergistic pharmaceutical preparations should find their place in the global fight against both pathogenic microorganisms and crops phytopathogens. In recent years, research has been focusing on complex mixtures studied by metabolomics and by developing chemometric approaches. However, plants are not single entities. The exploration of secondary metabolites involved in microbe–host interactions has emerged as a successful strategy to identify novel antimicrobial compounds and to shed light on the ecology and evolution of defensive associations. The discovery of metabolites common to endophytes and their host plants has led to a closer consideration of the metabolomic content of these microorganisms and, especially, of the metabolites of the host plants.

This Special Issue will cover a wide variety of areas, aiming to contribute to the overall knowledge of antimicrobial compounds produced by plants.

Dr. Véronique Eparvier
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial metabolites
  • Phytochemistry
  • Endophytes
  • Plant defense
  • Metabolomic
  • Functional chemodiversity

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 322 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil Extracted from Leaves of Leoheo domatiophorus Chaowasku, D.T. Ngo and H.T. Le in Vietnam
by Nhan Trong Le, Duc Viet Ho, Tuan Quoc Doan, Anh Tuan Le, Ain Raal, Donatella Usai, Silvia Madeddu, Mauro Marchetti, Marianna Usai, Paola Rappelli, Nicia Diaz, Stefania Zanetti, Hoai Thi Nguyen, Piero Cappuccinelli and Matthew Gavino Donadu
Plants 2020, 9(4), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9040453 - 03 Apr 2020
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 5483
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of leaves-extracted essential oil of Leoheo domatiophorus Chaowasku, D.T. Ngo and H.T. Le (L. domatiophorus), including antibacterial, antimycotic, antitrichomonas and antiviral effects. The essential oil was obtained using hydrodistillation, [...] Read more.
The present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of leaves-extracted essential oil of Leoheo domatiophorus Chaowasku, D.T. Ngo and H.T. Le (L. domatiophorus), including antibacterial, antimycotic, antitrichomonas and antiviral effects. The essential oil was obtained using hydrodistillation, with an average yield of 0.34 ± 0.01% (v/w, dry leaves). There were 52 constituents as identified by GC/MS with available authentic standards, representing 96.74% of the entire leaves oil. The essential oil was comprised of three main components, namely viridiflorene (16.47%), (-)-δ-cadinene (15.58%) and γ-muurolene (8.00%). The oil showed good antimicrobial activities against several species: Gram-positive strains: Staphylococcus aureus (two strains) and Enterococcus faecalis, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Lethal Concentration (MLC) values from 0.25 to 1% (v/v); Gram-negative strains such as Escherichia coli (two strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two strains) and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with MIC and MLC values between 2% and 8% (v/v); and finally Candida species, having MIC and MLC between 0.12 and 4% (v/v).Antitrichomonas activity of the oil was also undertaken, showing IC50, IC90 and MLC values of 0.008%, 0.016% and 0.03% (v/v), respectively, after 48h of incubation. The essential oil resultedin being completely ineffective against tested viruses, ssRNA+ (HIV-1, YFV, BVDV, Sb-1, CV-B4), ssRNA- (hRSVA2, VSV), dsRNA (Reo-1), and dsDNA (HSV-1, VV) viruses with EC50 values over 100 µg/mL. This is the first, yet comprehensive, scientific report about the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of the essential oil in L. domatiophorus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants)
9 pages, 1060 KiB  
Article
Chemical Composition and Preliminary Antimicrobial Activity of the Hydroxylated Sesquiterpenes in the Essential Oil from Piper barbatum Kunth Leaves
by Paco Noriega, José Ballesteros, Alejandra De la Cruz and Tatiana Veloz
Plants 2020, 9(2), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020211 - 06 Feb 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2908
Abstract
This study evaluates the antimicrobial and antifungal potential of the essential oil extracted from a species located in the Andes of Ecuador, Piper barbatum Kunth, known as “cordoncillo” or “allupa”, used by the Quichua people as an antibacterial plant for washing female genitalia [...] Read more.
This study evaluates the antimicrobial and antifungal potential of the essential oil extracted from a species located in the Andes of Ecuador, Piper barbatum Kunth, known as “cordoncillo” or “allupa”, used by the Quichua people as an antibacterial plant for washing female genitalia in cases of infection. The most abundant molecules in the essential oil were: α- phellandrene (43.16%), limonene (7.04%); some oxygenated sesquiterpenes such as: trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (8.23%), elemol (7.21%) and others. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity showed activity in all the strains analyzed; however, those in which MIC values are considered to be very strong (less than 500 µg/mL) are: Staphylococcus aureus 264 µg/mL, Streptococcus mutans 132 µg/mL, Candida albicans 132 µg/mL and Candida tropicalis 264 µg/mL. Antimicrobial bioautography defines which molecules are responsible for the activity; thus, it was possible to establish the chromatographic regions of = 0.02 and Rf = 0.04, as those with active molecules. It was established that 4 hydroxylated sesquiterpene molecules are involved: elemol (7.21%), trans-sesquisabinene hydrate (8.23%), β–eudesmol (3.49%) and 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (1.07%); the last two being the most active. The aim of this manuscript is to analyze both the ancestral knowledge of the Quichua people of Ecuador, and the chemical-biodiversity of the Andean forest ecosystem, in order to provide new raw materials of pharmaceutical interest. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants)
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11 pages, 3014 KiB  
Article
Identification of Antimicrobial Compounds from Sandwithia guyanensis-Associated Endophyte Using Molecular Network Approach
by Phuong-Y Mai, Marceau Levasseur, Didier Buisson, David Touboul and Véronique Eparvier
Plants 2020, 9(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9010047 - 29 Dec 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3571
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens and the increase of antimicrobial resistance constitutes a major health challenge, leading to intense research efforts being focused on the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. In this study, endophytes were isolated from different parts of Sandwithia [...] Read more.
The emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens and the increase of antimicrobial resistance constitutes a major health challenge, leading to intense research efforts being focused on the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. In this study, endophytes were isolated from different parts of Sandwithia guyanensis plant (leaves, wood and latex) belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family and known to produce antimicrobial compounds, and chemically characterised using Molecular Network in order to discover novel antimicrobial molecules. One fungal endophyte extract obtained from S. guyanensis latex showed significant antimicrobial activity with Minimal Inhibitory Concentration on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 16 µg/mL. The chemical investigation of this fungus (Lecanicillium genus) extract led to the isolation of 5 stephensiolides compounds, four of which demonstrated antibacterial activity. Stephensiolide I and G showed the highest antibacterial activity on MRSA with a MIC at 4 and 16 µg/mL respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants)
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17 pages, 1119 KiB  
Article
In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Candida spp. Activity of Plant-Derived Products
by Reginaldo dos Santos Pedroso, Brenda Lorena Balbino, Géssica Andrade, Maria Cecilia Pereira Sacardo Dias, Tavane Aparecida Alvarenga, Rita Cássia Nascimento Pedroso, Letícia Pereira Pimenta, Rodrigo Lucarini, Patrícia Mendonça Pauletti, Ana Helena Januário, Marco Túlio Menezes Carvalho, Mayker Lazaro Dantas Miranda and Regina Helena Pires
Plants 2019, 8(11), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110494 - 11 Nov 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4143
Abstract
Candidiasis therapy, especially for candidiasis caused by Candida non-albicans species, is limited by the relatively reduced number of antifungal drugs and the emergence of antifungal tolerance. This study evaluates the anticandidal activity of 41 plant-derived products against Candida species, in both planktonic [...] Read more.
Candidiasis therapy, especially for candidiasis caused by Candida non-albicans species, is limited by the relatively reduced number of antifungal drugs and the emergence of antifungal tolerance. This study evaluates the anticandidal activity of 41 plant-derived products against Candida species, in both planktonic and biofilm cells. This study also evaluates the toxicity and the therapeutic action of the most active compounds by using the Caenorhabditis elegans–Candida model. The planktonic cells were cultured with various concentrations of the tested agents. The Cupressus sempervirens, Citrus limon, and Litsea cubeba essential oils as well as gallic acid were the most active anticandidal compounds. Candida cell re-growth after treatment with these agents for 48 h demonstrated that the L. cubeba essential oil and gallic acid displayed fungistatic activity, whereas the C. limon and C. sempervirens essential oils exhibited fungicidal activity. The C. sempervirens essential oil was not toxic and increased the survival of C. elegans worms infected with C. glabrata or C. orthopsilosis. All the plant-derived products assayed at 250 µg/mL affected C. krusei biofilms. The tested plant-derived products proved to be potential therapeutic agents against Candida, especially Candida non-albicans species, and should be considered when developing new anticandidal agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants)
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14 pages, 969 KiB  
Article
Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial Activity and Heavy Metal Analysis of Ethnomedicinal Recipes and Their Sources Used Against Infectious Diseases
by Nasir Mahmood, Ruqia Nazir, Muslim Khan, Rashid Iqbal, Muhammad Adnan, Mohib Ullah and Hongyi Yang
Plants 2019, 8(11), 454; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110454 - 26 Oct 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 8047
Abstract
Plants are a rich source of secondary metabolites that have been found to have medicinal properties. The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical screening, antibacterial activities and heavy metal analysis of seven medicinal plants i.e., Nigella sativa (seeds), Trigonella foenum-graecum (seeds), [...] Read more.
Plants are a rich source of secondary metabolites that have been found to have medicinal properties. The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical screening, antibacterial activities and heavy metal analysis of seven medicinal plants i.e., Nigella sativa (seeds), Trigonella foenum-graecum (seeds), Brassica campestris (seeds), Pistacia integerrima (galls), Linum usitatissimum (seeds), Hyssopus officinalis (flowers), Ephedra vulgaris (dry branches) and its two recipes which are used by hakims (Practitioners of local herbal medicines), against different diseases particularly respiratory tract infections. The obtained results revealed that alkaloids (30%) and flavonoids (41%) were in maximum quantity in P. integerrima (galls) while saponins (10.9%) were in maximum quantity in Recipe 1. The antibacterial activity was determined by the agar well disc diffusion method using methanol, ethanol, chloroform and deionized water extracts. Each plant extract was tested against one Gram-positive (Streptococcus pneumonia) and two Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. Maximum zones of inhibition in methanol, ethanol, chloroform and aqueous extract were seen in T. foenum-graecum against S. pneumonia (20.06 ± 0.16 mm), B. campestris against S. pneumonia (22.40 ± 0.24 mm), Recipe 2 against K. pneumonia (20.06 ± 0.16 mm) and N. sativa against S. pneumonia (20.23 ± 0.16 mm), respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and showed the existence of high concentration of Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb) and Chromium (Cr). Thus, it has been found that medicinal plants individually as well as their recipes are potentially active against various diseases particularly respiratory tract infections Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Compounds in Plants)
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