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Plants
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Fungus- and Oomycete-Plant Interactions
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Fungus- and Oomycete-Plant Interactions

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 2548

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Manuel Ospina-Giraldo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biology Department, Lafayette College, Easton, PA 18042, USA
Interests: plant–oomycete interactions; Phytophthora spp. pathogenicity; cell–wall degrading enzymes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Production agriculture remains under siege: the persistence of fungal and oomycete diseases with possible devastating social and economic consequences continues to be a major threat to the global food supply chain. Therefore, it is imperative that new methods providing durable and effective resistance to pathogens be identified to maintain food safety and availability. However, successful implementation of new approaches to combat plant disease requires elucidation and understanding of the mechanisms by which fungi and oomycetes infect plants and overcome the host immune system. Additionally, the potential defense pathways exhibited by plants against pathogen attack must be fully understood. Continuing advances in ecology, molecular biology, proteomics, functional genomics, and bioinformatics are revealing fascinating insights into the world of plant–host interactions, ushering in a new era in the field of fungal and oomycete pathology. 

For this Special Issue, we are inviting authors to submit original research and review articles that explore the interface between plants and fungal or oomycete pathogens in depth. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Fungal and oomycete pathogenicity:
    • Avirulence/virulence;
    • Biotrophy;
    • Effector-triggered susceptibility;
    • Pathogenicity factors.
  • Plant defense and immunity:
    • Plant defense mechanisms;
    • Pathogen-resistance genes;
    • Induced mechanisms of plant resistance.
  • Ecology and systems biology.

Dr. Manuel Ospina-Giraldo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fungal and oomycete pathogenicity
  • plant defense and immunity
  • avirulence
  • biotrophy
  • effector-triggered susceptibility
  • pathogenicity factors
  • virulence

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 4886 KiB  
Article
Hyperspectral Imaging and Selected Biological Control Agents for the Management of Fusarium Head Blight in Spring Wheat
by Martin E. G. Rieker, Maximilian A. Lutz, Abbas El-Hasan, Stefan Thomas and Ralf T. Voegele
Plants 2023, 12(20), 3534; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203534 - 11 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Fusarium spp. are important pathogens on cereals, capable of causing considerable yield losses and significantly reducing the quality of harvested grains due to contamination with mycotoxins. The European Union intends to reduce the use of chemical-synthetic plant protection products (csPPP) by up to [...] Read more.
Fusarium spp. are important pathogens on cereals, capable of causing considerable yield losses and significantly reducing the quality of harvested grains due to contamination with mycotoxins. The European Union intends to reduce the use of chemical-synthetic plant protection products (csPPP) by up to 50% by the year 2030. To realize this endeavor without significant economic losses for farmers, it is crucial to have both precise early detection of pathogens and effective alternatives for csPPP. To investigate both the early detection of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and the efficacy of selected biological control agents (BCAs), a pot experiment with spring wheat (cv. ‘Servus’) was conducted under semi-field conditions. Spikes were sprayed with different BCAs prior to inoculation with a mixture of F. graminearum and F. culmorum conidia. While early detection of FHB was investigated by hyperspectral imaging (HSI), the efficiency of the fungal (Trichoderma sp. T10, T. harzianum T16, T. asperellum T23 and Clonostachys rosea CRP1104) and bacterial (Bacillus subtilis HG77 and Pseudomonas fluorescens G308) BCAs was assessed by visual monitoring. Evaluation of the hyperspectral images using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) resulted in a pathogen detection nine days post inoculation (dpi) with the pathogen, and thus four days before the first symptoms could be visually detected. Furthermore, support vector machines (SVM) and a combination of LDA and distance classifier (DC) were also able to detect FHB symptoms earlier than manual rating. Scoring the spikes at 13 and 17 dpi with the pathogen showed no significant differences in the FHB incidence among the treatments. Nevertheless, there is a trend suggesting that all BCAs exhibit a diminishing effect against FHB, with fungal isolates demonstrating greater efficacy compared to bacterial ones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungus- and Oomycete-Plant Interactions)
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12 pages, 4409 KiB  
Article
Variation in Susceptibility to Downy Mildew Infection in Spanish Minority Vine Varieties
by Susana Boso, Pilar Gago, José-Luis Santiago, Gregorio Muñoz-Organero, Félix Cabello, Belén Puertas, Anna Puig, Carme Domingo, M. Esperanza Valdés, Daniel Moreno, Emilia Diaz-Losada, José F. Cibriain, Oier Dañobeitia-Artabe, José-Antonio Rubio-Cano, Jesús Martínez-Gascueña, Adela Mena-Morales, Camilo Chirivella, Jesús-Juan Usón and María-Carmen Martínez
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2638; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142638 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1164
Abstract
Downy mildew is one of the most destructive diseases affecting grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk. and Curt.) Berl. and de Toni, it can appear anywhere where vines are cultivated. It is habitually controlled by the application [...] Read more.
Downy mildew is one of the most destructive diseases affecting grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk. and Curt.) Berl. and de Toni, it can appear anywhere where vines are cultivated. It is habitually controlled by the application of phytosanitary agents (copper-based or systemic) at different stages of the vine growth cycle. This, however, is costly, can lead to reduced yields, has a considerable environmental impact, and its overuse close to harvest can cause fermentation problems. All grapevines are susceptible to this disease, although the degree of susceptibility differs between varieties. Market demands and European legislation on viticulture and the use of phytosanitary agents (art. 14 of Directive 128/2009/EC) now make it important to know the sensitivity of all available varieties, including minority varieties. Such knowledge allows for a more appropriate use of phytosanitary agents, fosters the commercial use of these varieties and thus increases the offer of wines associated with different terroirs, and helps identify material for use in crop improvement programmes via crossing or genetic transformation, etc. Over 2020–2021, the susceptibility to P. viticola of 63 minority vine varieties from different regions of Spain was examined in the laboratory using the leaf disc technique. Some 87% of these varieties were highly susceptible and 11% moderately susceptible; just 2% showed low susceptibility. The least susceptible of all was the variety Morate (Madrid, IMIDRA). Those showing intermediate susceptibility included the varieties Sanguina (Castilla la Mancha, IVICAM), Planta Mula (Comunidad Valenciana, ITVE), Rayada Melonera (Madrid, IMIDRA), Zamarrica (Galicia, EVEGA), Cariñena Roja (Cataluña, INCAVI), Mandrègue (Aragón, DGA) and Bastardo Blanco (Extremadura, CICYTEX). The highly susceptible varieties could be differentiated into three subgroups depending on sporulation severity and density. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungus- and Oomycete-Plant Interactions)
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