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Plants
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Mycology and Plant Pathology
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Mycology and Plant Pathology

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 2881

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Narayan Chandra Paul

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
Interests: mycology; molecular phylogeny; virology; endophytes; biological control social media
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungi play an essential role in ecosystems as they decompose substances and actively participate in the cycling of nutrients by breaking down organic substances into simple molecules. Mycology is a branch of biology that studies fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and evolution, and their role as a beneficial microbe. Plant pathology or phytopathology studies plant diseases, their mechanisms, and disease control. Mycology is under phytopathology in agriculture as most plant pathogens are fungi, and phytopathogenic fungi decrease crop yield and cause substantial production losses in pre- and post-harvest agriculture.

The Special Issue will focus on but is not limited to plant fungal disease detection, the role of fungi in agriculture, plant–fungi interaction, fungal disease management, mycotoxin production, and endophytic and symbiotic relationships of fungi. I welcome well-prepared manuscripts of original research, review articles, short communications, and new fungal disease reports.

Dr. Narayan Chandra Paul
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • beneficial fungi
  • disease management
  • fungal diseases
  • mycotoxin
  • plant–fungal interactions
  • phytopathology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3343 KiB  
Article
Physio-Biochemical, Anatomical, and Molecular Analysis of Resistant and Susceptible Wheat Cultivars Infected with TTKSK, TTKST, and TTTSK Novel Puccinia graminis Races
by Hayat Ali Alafari, Yaser Hafez, Reda Omara, Rasha Murad, Khaled Abdelaal, Kotb Attia and Amr Khedr
Plants 2024, 13(7), 1045; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13071045 - 08 Apr 2024
Viewed by 483
Abstract
Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, is one of the most dangerous rust diseases on wheat. Through physiological, biochemical, and molecular analysis, the relationship between the change in resistance of 15 wheat cultivars to stem rust disease and the response [...] Read more.
Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, is one of the most dangerous rust diseases on wheat. Through physiological, biochemical, and molecular analysis, the relationship between the change in resistance of 15 wheat cultivars to stem rust disease and the response of 41 stem rust resistance genes (Sr,s) as well as TTKSK, TTKST, and TTTSK races was explained. Some cultivars and Sr genes, such as Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-11, Sids-13, Sakha-94, Misr-1, Misr-2, Sr31, and Sr38, became susceptible to infection. Other new cultivars include Mir-3 and Sakha-95, and Sr genes 13, 37, 40, GT, and FR*2/SRTT3-SRTT3-SR10 remain resistant. Some resistance genes have been identified in these resistant cultivars: Sr2, Sr13, Sr24, Sr36, and Sr40. Sr31 was not detected in any cultivars. Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, enzymes activities (catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase), and electrolyte leakage were increased in the highly susceptible cultivars, while they decreased in the resistant ones. Anatomical characteristics such as the thickness of the epidermis, ground tissue, phloem tissue and vascular bundle diameter in the midrib were decreased in susceptible cultivars compared with resistant cultivars. Our results indicated that some races (TTKSK, TTKST, and TTTSK) appeared for the first time in Egypt and many other countries, which broke the resistant cultivars. The wheat rust breeding program must rely on land races and pyramiding genes in order to develop new resistance genes that will survive for a very long time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycology and Plant Pathology)
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20 pages, 2314 KiB  
Article
Combatting Sugar Beet Root Rot: Streptomyces Strains’ Efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum
by Walaa R. Abdelghany, Abeer S. Yassin, Farrag F. B. Abu-Ellail, Areej A. Al-Khalaf, Reda I. Omara and Wael N. Hozzein
Plants 2024, 13(2), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13020311 - 20 Jan 2024
Viewed by 892
Abstract
Sugar beet root rot disease triggered by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-betae is a destructive disease and dramatically affects the production and quality of the sugar beet industry. Employing beneficial microorganisms as a biocontrol strategy represents an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to combat various [...] Read more.
Sugar beet root rot disease triggered by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-betae is a destructive disease and dramatically affects the production and quality of the sugar beet industry. Employing beneficial microorganisms as a biocontrol strategy represents an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to combat various plant diseases. The distinct aspect of this study was to assess the antifungal and plant growth-promoting capabilities of recently isolated Streptomyces to treat sugar beet plants against infection with the phytopathogen F. oxysporum. Thirty-seven actinobacterial isolates were recovered from the rhizosphere of healthy sugar beet plants and screened for their potential to antagonize F. oxysporum in vitro. Two isolates SB3-15 and SB2-23 that displayed higher antagonistic effects were morphologically and molecularly identified as Streptomyces spp. Seed treatment with the fermentation broth of the selected Streptomyces strains SB3-15 and SB2-23 significantly reduced disease severity compared to the infected control in a greenhouse experiment. Streptomyces SB2-23 exhibited the highest protective activity with high efficacy ranging from 91.06 to 94.77% compared to chemical fungicide (86.44 to 92.36%). Furthermore, strain SB2-23 significantly increased plant weight, root weight, root length, and diameter. Likewise, it improves sucrose percentage and juice purity. As a consequence, the strain SB2-23’s intriguing biocontrol capability and sugar beet root growth stimulation present promising prospects for its utilization in both plant protection and enhancement strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycology and Plant Pathology)
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14 pages, 1652 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Amisulbrom Products for the Management of Clubroot of Canola (Brassica napus)
by Zhiyu Yu, Stephen E. Strelkov and Sheau-Fang Hwang
Plants 2024, 13(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13010028 (registering DOI) - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 611
Abstract
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease of canola (Brassica napus). Amisulbrom, a quinone inside inhibitor (QiI), was evaluated for its effectiveness in clubroot management in Alberta, Canada. Resting spores of P. brassicae were treated in vitro with [...] Read more.
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease of canola (Brassica napus). Amisulbrom, a quinone inside inhibitor (QiI), was evaluated for its effectiveness in clubroot management in Alberta, Canada. Resting spores of P. brassicae were treated in vitro with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10% (w/v) amisulbrom to determine its effect on spore germination and viability. Amisulbrom inhibited resting spore germination by up to 79% and reduced viable spores by 31% relative to the control. Applications of a liquid solution (AL1000, 1000 g active ingredient (ai) ha−1) and granular formulations (AF700, 700 g ai ha−1; AF1000, 1000 g ai ha−1; AF1500, 1500 g ai ha−1) of amisulbrom were tested on the canola cultivars ‘45H31’ (clubroot-susceptible) and ‘CS2000’ (moderately resistant) under greenhouse conditions and in field experiments in 2019 and 2020. In the greenhouse, the treatments were evaluated at inoculum concentrations of 1 × 105 or 1 × 107 resting spores g−1 soil. A trend of decreasing clubroot severity with an increasing amisulbrom rate was observed. At the lower spore concentration, treatment with AF1500 resulted in a clubroot disease severity index (DSI) <20% for both cultivars, while the lowest DSI under both low and high spore concentrations was obtained with AL1000. The field results indicated a significant reduction in DSI, with varied effects of rates and liquid vs. granular formulations. The greatest reductions (up to 58.3%) in DSI were obtained with AF1500 and AL1000 in 2020. These findings suggest that amisulbrom holds promise as part of an integrated clubroot management approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycology and Plant Pathology)
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