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Photonics
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Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields
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Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Quantum Photonics and Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 14411

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Paraskevas Tzallas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Director at the Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion (Crete), Greece
2. Scientific Advisor, Secondary Sources Division, ELI-ALPS, Szeged, Hungary
Interests: AMO physics; strong laser-field physics; attosecond science; quantum optics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quantum optics and strong laser-field physics are two distinct major research domains founded on the quantum and classical description of the electromagnetic radiation, respectively. In quantum optics, the majority of the studies are performed using weak electromagnetic fields where the interaction is described by fully quantized theories. This research domain has led to fascinating achievements in the field of quantum technology, with non-classical light sources playing a vital role in these advancements. Strong laser-field physics studies, on the other hand, are nominally performed using intense laser fields where the interaction is described by semi-classical approaches. This research domain has paved the way for extensive and pioneering investigations ranging from ultra-relativistic optics and particle acceleration to extreme ultraviolet/x-ray generation and attosecond science. Recent accomplishments in the quantum optical description of strong laser-field–matter interactions and the generation of novel non-classical light sources have demonstrated that these seemingly disjointed research domains can be synthesized, depicting the potential for exciting new research in strong-field physics and quantum technology.

In this context, this Special Issue welcomes articles addressing, among others, the following main topics: I) fully quantized descriptions of interactions in the strong-field region (relativistic optics, laser-particle acceleration, laser–plasma, interactions, laser–atom interactions, high harmonic generation, etc.) and II) the use of high photon flux non-classical light sources for investigations in non-linear optics (multiphoton processes, harmonic generation, spectroscopy, visual science, etc.).

Dr. Paraskevas Tzallas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 1097 KiB  
Article
Quantum Optical Aspects of High-Harmonic Generation
by Sándor Varró
Photonics 2021, 8(7), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8070269 - 09 Jul 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2755
Abstract
The interaction of electrons with strong laser fields is usually treated with semiclassical theory, where the laser is represented by an external field. There are analytic solutions for the free electron wave functions, which incorporate the interaction with the laser field exactly, but [...] Read more.
The interaction of electrons with strong laser fields is usually treated with semiclassical theory, where the laser is represented by an external field. There are analytic solutions for the free electron wave functions, which incorporate the interaction with the laser field exactly, but the joint effect of the atomic binding potential presents an obstacle for the analysis. Moreover, the radiation is a dynamical system, the number of photons changes during the interactions. Thus, it is legitimate to ask how can one treat the high order processes nonperturbatively, in such a way that the electron-atom interaction and the quantized nature of radiation be simultaneously taken into account? An analytic method is proposed to answer this question in the framework of nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics. As an application, a quantum optical generalization of the strong-field Kramers-Heisenberg formula is derived for describing high-harmonic generation. Our formalism is suitable to analyse, among various quantal effects, the possible role of arbitrary photon statistics of the incoming field. The present paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Dr. Fritz Ehlotzky, who had significantly contributed to the theory of strong-field phenomena over many decades. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields)
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10 pages, 5694 KiB  
Communication
Describing High-Order Harmonic Generation Using Quantum Optical Models
by Péter Földi, István Magashegyi, Ákos Gombköto and Sándor Varró
Photonics 2021, 8(7), 263; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8070263 - 06 Jul 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2293
Abstract
Optical generation of high-order harmonics is a prototypical example of nonlinear light–matter interactions in the high-field regime. Quantum optical effects have recently been demonstrated to have a significant influence on this phenomenon. These findings underline the importance of understanding the dynamics of the [...] Read more.
Optical generation of high-order harmonics is a prototypical example of nonlinear light–matter interactions in the high-field regime. Quantum optical effects have recently been demonstrated to have a significant influence on this phenomenon. These findings underline the importance of understanding the dynamics of the quantized electromagnetic field during high-order harmonic generation. In the following, we discuss the challenges that are related to the theoretical description of this process and summarize the results that were obtained using the high-field, multimode generalization of well-known quantum optical models that are based on the concept of the two-level atom. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields)
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12 pages, 1979 KiB  
Article
Quantum-Optical Spectrometry in Relativistic Laser–Plasma Interactions Using the High-Harmonic Generation Process: A Proposal
by Theocharis Lamprou, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Stefan Haessler, Ioannis Liontos, Subhendu Kahaly, Javier Rivera-Dean, Philipp Stammer, Emilio Pisanty, Marcelo F. Ciappina, Maciej Lewenstein and Paraskevas Tzallas
Photonics 2021, 8(6), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060192 - 29 May 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3168
Abstract
Quantum-optical spectrometry is a recently developed shot-to-shot photon correlation-based method, namely using a quantum spectrometer (QS), that has been used to reveal the quantum optical nature of intense laser–matter interactions and connect the research domains of quantum optics (QO) and strong laser-field physics [...] Read more.
Quantum-optical spectrometry is a recently developed shot-to-shot photon correlation-based method, namely using a quantum spectrometer (QS), that has been used to reveal the quantum optical nature of intense laser–matter interactions and connect the research domains of quantum optics (QO) and strong laser-field physics (SLFP). The method provides the probability of absorbing photons from a driving laser field towards the generation of a strong laser–field interaction product, such as high-order harmonics. In this case, the harmonic spectrum is reflected in the photon number distribution of the infrared (IR) driving field after its interaction with the high harmonic generation medium. The method was implemented in non-relativistic interactions using high harmonics produced by the interaction of strong laser pulses with atoms and semiconductors. Very recently, it was used for the generation of non-classical light states in intense laser–atom interaction, building the basis for studies of quantum electrodynamics in strong laser-field physics and the development of a new class of non-classical light sources for applications in quantum technology. Here, after a brief introduction of the QS method, we will discuss how the QS can be applied in relativistic laser–plasma interactions and become the driving factor for initiating investigations on relativistic quantum electrodynamics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields)
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29 pages, 5139 KiB  
Article
Electron Dynamics and Thomson Scattering for Ultra-Intense Lasers: Elliptically Polarized and OAM Beams
by Ignacio Pastor, Ramón F. Álvarez-Estrada, Luis Roso, José Guasp and Francisco Castejón
Photonics 2021, 8(6), 182; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060182 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1688
Abstract
We investigated the classical nonlinear Thomson scattering (TS), from a single relativistic electron, generated by either: (a) an incoming plane wave monochromatic laser radiation and general elliptical polarization or (b) incoming radiations with intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM). Both (a) and (b) propagate [...] Read more.
We investigated the classical nonlinear Thomson scattering (TS), from a single relativistic electron, generated by either: (a) an incoming plane wave monochromatic laser radiation and general elliptical polarization or (b) incoming radiations with intrinsic orbital angular momentum (OAM). Both (a) and (b) propagate along the z direction, with wave vector k0, frequency ω0, and initial phase φ0≠0 and have any intensity. Item (a) enables obtaining general electron TS Doppler frequencies and other quantities, for fusion plasmas. We explored the possibility of approximating nonlinear TS with OAM beams (Item (b)) by means of nonlinear TS with plane wave beams (Item (a)). For Item (a), a general explicit solution of the Lorentz relativistic equation and the subsequent TS are given in terms of ζ=ω0t−k0z (t denoting time). In particular, it includes the cases for linear and circular polarizations and φ0≠0 for fusion plasmas, thereby extending previous studies for φ0=0. The explicit solutions give rise to very efficient computations of electron TS Doppler frequencies, periods of trajectories, and drift velocities, and the comparisons with ab initio numerical solutions (for Item (a)) yield an excellent match. The approximate approach, using explicit solutions for Item (a), towards TS OAM (employing ab initio numerical computations for Item (b)), extending previously reported ones) yields a quite satisfactory agreement over time spans including several optical cycles, for a wide range of laser intensities, polarizations, and electron energies. The role of φ0≠0 was analyzed. A simple quantitative criterion to predict whether the agreement between the two approaches (a) and (b) would be observed over a given time span is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields)
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13 pages, 634 KiB  
Article
Squeezed Coherent States in Double Optical Resonance
by George Mouloudakis and Peter Lambropoulos
Photonics 2021, 8(3), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8030072 - 05 Mar 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3287
Abstract
In this work, we consider a “Λ-type” three-level system where the first transition is driven by a radiation field initially prepared in a squeezed coherent state, while the second one by a weak probe field. If the squeezed field is sufficiently [...] Read more.
In this work, we consider a “Λ-type” three-level system where the first transition is driven by a radiation field initially prepared in a squeezed coherent state, while the second one by a weak probe field. If the squeezed field is sufficiently strong to cause Stark splitting of the states it connects, such a splitting can be monitored through the population of the probe state, a scheme also known as “double optical resonance”. Our results deviate from the well-studied case of coherent driving indicating that the splitting profile shows great sensitivity to the value of the squeezing parameter, as well as its phase difference from the complex displacement parameter. The theory is cast in terms of the resolvent operator where both the atom and the radiation field are treated quantum mechanically, while the effects of squeezing are obtained by appropriate averaging over the photon number distribution of the squeezed coherent state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Optics in Strong Laser Fields)
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