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Photonics
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Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics
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Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "New Applications Enabled by Photonics Technologies and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2022) | Viewed by 9061

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Manuel Filipe P. C. M. Costa

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Guest Editor
Center of Physics, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: optical metrology; image processing; thin films and nanostructures; optics education
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 5th International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics, AOP2021, will be held in Guimarães (Portugal), 18–22 July 2022. Since its first edition back in 2011, the AOP conference has provided an excellent opportunity to, in an open friendly environment, foster the establishment of the widest range of cooperation projects and relationships with colleagues and institutions involved in optics and photonics research from all around the world. Open to contributions in all domains of optics and photonics and application fields, with this conference, we expect to review the state-of-the-art in these subjects and to foresee and discuss the future of research in optics and photonics. Thirty plenary and keynote lectures by world-renowned researchers in all fields of optics and photonics set the quality standards of a varied and exciting scientific program.

We are honored to serve as Guest Editors of this Special Issue to be published in Photonics that will contain not only a selection of papers submitted and accepted at AOP2021 but also high-quality papers from authors not attending the conference. Its main scope is to provide a timely and broad collection of the most innovative topics discussed at the latest edition of the conference related to applications of optics and photonics. We warmly invite researchers to submit their contributions, both original research articles and review papers, to this Special Issue. Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Nanophotonics, plasmonics, theoretical optics, quantum, and nonlinear optics
  • Optical communications and sensors
  • Optical fibers and applications
  • Biophotonics and biomedical and medical applications of optics and photonics
  • Ultrafast lasers and ultrafast optics, power lasers
  • Optical metrology, image processing and industrial applications
  • Optometry, ophthalmic optics, color and visual sciences
  • Optoelectronics
  • Microwave photonics
  • Photonics and optical instrumentation for space and astronomy
  • Optics and photonics for smart mobility and smart cities

Prof. Dr. Manuel Filipe P. C. M. Costa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3605 KiB  
Article
Deep Learning-Based Robust Visible Light Positioning for High-Speed Vehicles
by Danjie Li, Zhanhang Wei, Ganhong Yang, Yi Yang, Jingwen Li, Mingyang Yu, Puxi Lin, Jiajun Lin, Shuyu Chen, Mingli Lu, Zhe Chen, Zoe Lin Jiang and Junbin Fang
Photonics 2022, 9(9), 632; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090632 - 02 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1872
Abstract
Robustness is a key factor for real-time positioning and navigation, especially for high-speed vehicles. While visible light positioning (VLP) based on LED illumination and image sensors is widely studied, most of the VLP systems still suffer from the high positioning latency and the [...] Read more.
Robustness is a key factor for real-time positioning and navigation, especially for high-speed vehicles. While visible light positioning (VLP) based on LED illumination and image sensors is widely studied, most of the VLP systems still suffer from the high positioning latency and the image blurs caused by high-speed movements. In this paper, a robust VLP system for high-speed vehicles is proposed based on a deep learning and data-driven approach. The proposed system can significantly increase the success rate of decoding VLP-LED user identifications (UID) from blurred images and reduce the computational latency for detecting and extracting VLP-LED stripe image regions from captured images. Experimental results show that the success rate of UID decoding using the proposed BN-CNN model could be higher than 98% when that of the traditional Zbar-based decoder falls to 0, while the computational time for positioning is decreased to 9.19 ms and the supported moving speed of our scheme can achieve 38.5 km/h. Therefore, the proposed VLP system can enhance the robustness against high-speed movement and guarantee the real-time response for positioning and navigation for high-speed vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics)
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11 pages, 5326 KiB  
Article
Short-Term Peripheral Contrast Reduction Affects Central Chromatic and Achromatic Contrast Sensitivity
by Antonia Neumann, Alexander Leube, Najma Nabawi, Yannick Sauer, Peter Essig, Katharina Breher and Siegfried Wahl
Photonics 2022, 9(3), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9030123 - 22 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1760
Abstract
Peripheral retinal contrast reduction is suggested as a potential myopia control strategy. However, the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of peripheral contrast reduction on central chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity (CS). A total of 19 participants were [...] Read more.
Peripheral retinal contrast reduction is suggested as a potential myopia control strategy. However, the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of peripheral contrast reduction on central chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity (CS). A total of 19 participants were included. Peripheral contrast reduction was induced via Bangerter foils of 0.4 and 0.8 density, each with a clear central zone of 8.0 mm diameter. Central achromatic and chromatic (for S-, M-, and L-cone types) CS was measured at 3 and 12 cpd in a 2-IFC psychophysical procedure. CS was tested monocularly at 0, 30, and 90 min of adaptation time, while the fellow eye was covered by an infrared filter. With the filter in place, pupil size was controlled to be smaller than the clear central aperture. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models. Cone-type CS showed significant differences among each other (all p < 0.05), except for the achromatic and L-cone type (p = 0.87). The minimum sensitivity was found with the S-cone type and the maximum with the M-cone type. Central achromatic and chromatic CS were equally affected by diffusion. The level of peripheral diffusion also influenced CS, while the 0.8 Bangerter foil led to a higher reduction in CS compared to the 0.4 Bangerter foil (p = 0.0008) and the control condition (p = 0.05). A significant reduction in CS occurred between 30 and 90 min of adaptation time (p < 0.0001). The current study found that peripheral contrast reduction impacted central achromatic and chromatic CS equally. It further showed that the amplitude of reduction was influenced by the level of diffusion, with the reduction becoming more pronounced over time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics)
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10 pages, 1223 KiB  
Article
Effect of Accommodation on Peripheral Higher Order Aberrations
by Kishor Sapkota, Jessica Gomes and Sandra Franco
Photonics 2022, 9(2), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020064 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2436
Abstract
Knowledge of the effect of accommodation on image quality of peripheral retina is crucial for better understanding of the visual system, but only a few studies have been carried out in this area. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of accommodation [...] Read more.
Knowledge of the effect of accommodation on image quality of peripheral retina is crucial for better understanding of the visual system, but only a few studies have been carried out in this area. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of accommodation on higher order aberrations from third to sixth Zernike polynomials in central and peripheral retina up to 23° off-axis. We used a Hartmann–Shack aberrometer to measure Zernike coefficients with both accommodated and non-accommodated eyes of 15 healthy subjects. Each Zernike coefficient, total higher order aberrations, spherical aberrations and astigmatism were compared between accommodated and non-accommodated status. Additionally, aberrations in the central retina were compared with the peripheral retina. Accommodation induced significant changes in the Zernike coefficients of vertical pentafoil C5−5 and secondary vertical tetrafoil C6−4 in central retina, secondary vertical astigmatism C4−2 on 23° of temporal retina, secondary vertical tetrafoil C6−4 and tertiary vertical astigmatism C6−2 on 10° of nasal retina, secondary vertical trefoil C5−3 and secondary vertical tetrafoil C6−4 on 23° of nasal retina, and horizontal tetrafoil C44, and secondary horizontal tetrafoil C64 on 23° of inferior retina (p < 0.05). Total higher order aberration was lower in each retinal area examined with accommodation, but it was statistically significant only on 23° temporal retina and 11.5° and 23° of superior retina (p < 0.05). Spherical aberration decreased with accommodation on 23° temporal retina (p = 0.036). Astigmatism was similar in non-accommodated and accommodated eyes. Overall, accommodation affected higher order aberration (HOA) asymmetrically in different peripheral retinal areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics)
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Review

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30 pages, 3564 KiB  
Review
Application of Ultrashort Lasers in Developmental Biology: A Review
by Inna V. Ilina and Dmitry S. Sitnikov
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 914; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120914 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1715
Abstract
The evolution of laser technologies and the invention of ultrashort laser pulses have resulted in a sharp jump in laser applications in life sciences. Developmental biology is no exception. The unique ability of ultrashort laser pulses to deposit energy into a microscopic volume [...] Read more.
The evolution of laser technologies and the invention of ultrashort laser pulses have resulted in a sharp jump in laser applications in life sciences. Developmental biology is no exception. The unique ability of ultrashort laser pulses to deposit energy into a microscopic volume in the bulk of transparent material without disrupting the surrounding tissues makes ultrashort lasers a versatile tool for precise microsurgery of cells and subcellular components within structurally complex and fragile specimens like embryos as well as for high-resolution imaging of embryonic processes and developmental mechanisms. Here, we present an overview of recent applications of ultrashort lasers in developmental biology, including techniques of noncontact laser-assisted microsurgery of preimplantation mammalian embryos for oocyte/blastomere enucleation and embryonic cell fusion, as well as techniques of optical transfection and injection for targeted delivery of biomolecules into living embryos and laser-mediated microsurgery of externally developing embryos. Possible applications of ultrashort laser pulses for use in Assisted Reproductive Technologies are also highlighted. Moreover, we discuss various nonlinear optical microscopy techniques (two-photon excited fluorescence, second and third harmonic generation, and coherent Raman scattering) and their application for label-free non-invasive imaging of embryos in their unperturbed state or post-laser-induced modifications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances on Applications of Optics and Photonics)
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