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Pharmaceutics
Special Issues
Advances in Veterinary Medicines and Vaccines
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Advances in Veterinary Medicines and Vaccines

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 4981

Special Issue Editors

Dr. M. Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela

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Guest Editor
Departament of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, C/Ramón y Cajal s/n, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
Interests: neglected diseases; infectious diseases; new drugs against infectious diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dolores R. Serrano

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Guest Editor
Departament of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, School of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Avenida Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: nanomedicines; microparticles; sustained-release formulations; liposomes; nanoparticles; drug targeting; pharmacokinetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Aikaterini Lalatsa

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Guest Editor
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, John Arbuthnot Building, Robertson Wing, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1LG, UK
Interests: nanomedicines; polymers; peptides; neglected diseases; targeted delivery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing demand for products of animal origin, along with the modernization of production systems, necessitates the use of drugs and vaccines in order to prevent, treat and control animal diseases. The global veterinary medicine market size was estimated at USD 24.5 billion in 2018 and is expected to register a compound annual growth rate of 6.2% during the forecast period of 2018–2025. Increasing demand to curb chronic and zoonotic diseases in livestock and pet animals is the key driver to this market, with antiparasitic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs being the most used medicines.

Medicines for human use have been commonly administered to animals, even though there are great differences in terms of absorption, metabolism and excretion and the doses needed to be administered can highly differ amongst different species. Traditional dosage forms used in animals include tablets, liquids, injectables, powders, food additives, spray baths, topical or pour-on application, but the use of novel medicines and materials such as microchips, implants, antibacterial sutures and biologics is currently increasing. Ideally, medicines and vaccines used in animals should be formulated to facilitate easy administration by carers, farmers and vets, while ensuring efficacy and safety and in some cases quick clearance to ensure consumption of the animal product. Thus, considerations regarding the appearance of medicines in the food chain supply as well as their environmental impact when eliminated by urine and feces of animals need to be carefully considered.

This Special Issue focuses on the development and manufacture of novel medicines and vaccines tailored for veterinary use. Research papers, short communications and reviews are all welcome in this Issue.

Prof. Dr. M. Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela
Prof. Dr. Dolores R. Serrano
Prof. Dr. Aikaterini Lalatsa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceutics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • veterinary pharmaceuticals
  • antiparasitics and antimicrobials
  • vaccines
  • drug delivery systems
  • implants, devices, microchips, sutures

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2540 KiB  
Article
On the Biocompatibility and Teat Retention of In Situ Gelling Intramammary Formulations: Cattle Mastitis Prevention and Treatment
by Sushila Bhattarai, Dhayaneethie Perumal, Michael J. Rathbone, Craig R. Bunt and Raid G. Alany
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13(10), 1732; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101732 - 19 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2018
Abstract
Treatment and prevention of cattle mastitis remains a formidable challenge due to the anatomical and physiological constraints of the cow udder. In this study, we investigated polymeric excipients and solvents that can form, (when combined) novel, non-toxic and biocompatible in situ gelling formulations [...] Read more.
Treatment and prevention of cattle mastitis remains a formidable challenge due to the anatomical and physiological constraints of the cow udder. In this study, we investigated polymeric excipients and solvents that can form, (when combined) novel, non-toxic and biocompatible in situ gelling formulations in the mammary gland of bovine cattle. We also report on a new approach to screen intramammary formulations using fresh excised cow teats. Fourteen hydrophilic polymers and six solvents were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity and biocompatibility towards cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T), microscopic and macroscopic examination upon contact with excised cow teats. No significant cytotoxicity (p > 0.05) was observed with polyethylene oxides, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and xanthan gum. Polycarbophil and carbopol polymers showed significantly higher cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity was observed for glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400, ethanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and 2-pyrrolidone, with the 2-pyrrolidone solvents showing higher cytotoxic effects (p < 0.05). In situ gelling formulations comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose and solvents in specific ratios were biocompatible at higher concentrations with MAC-T cells compared to alginates. All investigated formulations could undergo in situ sol-to-gel phase transformation, forming non-toxic gels with good biocompatibility in excised cow teats hence, showing potential for use as intramammary carriers for sustained drug delivery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Veterinary Medicines and Vaccines)
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15 pages, 4120 KiB  
Article
Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) Copolymers for the Formulation of In Situ Forming Depot Long-Acting Injectables
by Marie-Emérentienne Cagnon, Silvio Curia, Juliette Serindoux, Jean-Manuel Cros, Feifei Ng and Adolfo Lopez-Noriega
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13(5), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050605 - 22 Apr 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1919
Abstract
This article describes the utilization of (methoxy)poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) ((m)PEG–PTMC) diblock and triblock copolymers for the formulation of in situ forming depot long-acting injectables by solvent exchange. The results shown in this manuscript demonstrate that it is possible to achieve long-term [...] Read more.
This article describes the utilization of (methoxy)poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(1,3-trimethylene carbonate) ((m)PEG–PTMC) diblock and triblock copolymers for the formulation of in situ forming depot long-acting injectables by solvent exchange. The results shown in this manuscript demonstrate that it is possible to achieve long-term drug deliveries from suspension formulations prepared with these copolymers, with release durations up to several months in vitro. The utilization of copolymers with different PEG and PTMC molecular weights affords to modulate the release profile and duration. A pharmacokinetic study in rats with meloxicam confirmed the feasibility of achieving at least 28 days of sustained delivery by using this technology while showing good local tolerability in the subcutaneous environment. The characterization of the depots at the end of the in vivo study suggests that the rapid phase exchange upon administration and the surface erosion of the resulting depots are driving the delivery kinetics from suspension formulations. Due to the widely accepted utilization of meloxicam as an analgesic drug for animal care, the results shown in this article are of special interest for the development of veterinary products aiming at a very long-term sustained delivery of this therapeutic molecule. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Veterinary Medicines and Vaccines)
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