Fighting Fungal Infections: Emerging Nanosystems Strategies

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 4372

Special Issue Editors


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Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
Interests: bioactive compounds; antitumor compounds; antimicrobial compounds; immunomodulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. FP-BHS—Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit, FP-I3ID—Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, Faculty of Health Science, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
2. UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech—Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 050-313 Porto, Portugal
Interests: bioactive delivery systems; lipid-based nanosystems; hybrid nanosystems; controlled delivery; multifunctional nanosystems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física da Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
2. CBMA, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: nanocarriers; nanotherapeutics; membrane model systems; ADMET profiling; biophysical techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycoses are a major threat affecting billions of people and causing more than 1.5 million deaths annually. The treatment of fungal infections is a challenge for both medical and scientific communities. The lack of selectivity, associated side effects, and the limited spectrum of antifungal agents, as well as the emergence of new virulent and drug-resistant fungi, justify the search for new drugs and the development of novel formulations. Nanosystems have gained prominence as alternatives to overcome the limitations of conventional formulations in the therapy and delivery of antifungal agents; these limitations include low permeation through tissues, limited aqueous solubility, and poor pharmacokinetics which lead to high doses and dosing frequency. Nanosystem-based formulations have emerged as an attractive option for overcoming pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity issues associated with antifungal agents. Furthermore, the development of antifungal encapsulating technologies enables controlled drug release while protecting the active principle, preventing its off-target toxicity and degradation. Nanosystems can also have a synergistic effect with antifungals and may be used in the development of vaccines against fungal infections.

This Special Issue aims to present a collection of studies describing recent advances in the development of nanosystems approaches suited for antifungal therapy and prophylaxis, as well as those highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of nanoscale solutions when multiple routes of administration are considered (e.g., oral, intravenous, pulmonary, skin, vaginal, ocular).

Dr. Fatima Cerqueira
Dr. Carla M. Lopes
Dr. Marlene Lucio
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antifungal agents
  • lipid-based nanosystems
  • polymer-based nanosystems
  • inorganic nanosystems
  • hybrid nanosystems
  • vaccine-based nanosystems

Published Papers (2 papers)

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22 pages, 4290 KiB  
Article
Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles with an Emergent Class of Azoimidazoles
by Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Bárbara Vieira, Daniela Dantas, Bárbara Silva, Eugénia Pinto, Fátima Cerqueira, Renata Silva, Fernando Remião, Jorge Padrão, Alice Maria Dias and Andrea Zille
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(3), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030926 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2353
Abstract
The combination of two or more agents capable of acting in synergy has been reported as a valuable tool to fight against pathogens. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) present a strong antimicrobial action, although their cytotoxicity for healthy cells at active concentrations is a major [...] Read more.
The combination of two or more agents capable of acting in synergy has been reported as a valuable tool to fight against pathogens. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) present a strong antimicrobial action, although their cytotoxicity for healthy cells at active concentrations is a major concern. Azoimidazole moieties exhibit interesting bioactivities, including antimicrobial activity. In this work, a class of recently described azoimidazoles with strong antifungal activity was conjugated with citrate or polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized AgNPs. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance was used to confirm the purity of the compounds before further tests and atomic absorption spectroscopy to verify the concentration of silver in the prepared dispersions. Other analytical techniques elucidate the morphology and stability of AgNPs and corresponding conjugates, namely ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, scanning transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis. The synergistic antimicrobial activity of the conjugates was assessed through a checkerboard assay against yeasts (Candida albicans and Candida krusei) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). The conjugates showed improved antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms, in particular towards bacteria, with concentrations below their individual minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Furthermore, some combinations were found to be non-cytotoxic towards human HaCaT cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fighting Fungal Infections: Emerging Nanosystems Strategies)
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30 pages, 7086 KiB  
Review
Emerging Polymer-Based Nanosystem Strategies in the Delivery of Antifungal Drugs
by Yuan Xin, Liang Quan, Hengtong Zhang and Qiang Ao
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(7), 1866; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071866 - 01 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1294
Abstract
Nanosystems-based antifungal agents have emerged as an effective strategy to address issues related to drug resistance, drug release, and toxicity. Among the diverse materials employed for antifungal drug delivery, polymers, including polysaccharides, proteins, and polyesters, have gained significant attention due to their versatility. [...] Read more.
Nanosystems-based antifungal agents have emerged as an effective strategy to address issues related to drug resistance, drug release, and toxicity. Among the diverse materials employed for antifungal drug delivery, polymers, including polysaccharides, proteins, and polyesters, have gained significant attention due to their versatility. Considering the complex nature of fungal infections and their varying sites, it is crucial for researchers to carefully select appropriate polymers based on specific scenarios when designing antifungal agent delivery nanosystems. This review provides an overview of the various types of nanoparticles used in antifungal drug delivery systems, with a particular emphasis on the types of polymers used. The review focuses on the application of drug delivery systems and the release behavior of these systems. Furthermore, the review summarizes the critical physical properties and relevant information utilized in antifungal polymer nanomedicine delivery systems and briefly discusses the application prospects of these systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fighting Fungal Infections: Emerging Nanosystems Strategies)
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