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Pathogens
Special Issues
Molecular Detection and Surveillance of Veterinary Infectious Disease
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Molecular Detection and Surveillance of Veterinary Infectious Disease

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 1781

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Massimo Giangaspero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64020 Teramo, Italy
Interests: animal health; epidemiology; genetic; public health; virology; zoonoses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent decades have witnessed an increase in the demand for pathogen detection and other diagnostic methods for animals and wildlife. Surveillance for animal pathogens holds the key to controlling disease transmission, managing persistent diseases, and ensuring the early detection of emerging and re-emerging pathogens.

This Special Issue aims to provide various surveillance plans and diagnosis methods in the early detection of veterinary infectious diseases. We also welcome the most recent research and developments in the epidemiology, disease treatment, control, and prevention strategies of veterinary infectious diseases in domestic and wild animals.

Prof. Dr. Massimo Giangaspero
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • veterinary infectious disease
  • epidemiology
  • surveillance
  • molecular detection
  • emerging and re-emerging pathogens

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 2446 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Potential Gut Health Biomarkers in Broiler Chicks Challenged by Campylobacter jejuni and Submitted to a Continuous Water Disinfection Program
by Tilemachos Mantzios, Despoina E. Kiousi, Georgia D. Brellou, Georgios A. Papadopoulos, Vangelis Economou, Marili Vasilogianni, Elisavet Kanari, Evanthia Petridou, Ilias Giannenas, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Aglaia Pappa, Alex Galanis and Vasilios Tsiouris
Pathogens 2024, 13(5), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13050356 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 614
Abstract
The exploration of novel biomarkers to assess poultry health is of paramount importance, not only to enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of zoonotic agents but also to evaluate the efficacy of novel treatments as alternatives to antibiotics. The present study aimed to [...] Read more.
The exploration of novel biomarkers to assess poultry health is of paramount importance, not only to enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of zoonotic agents but also to evaluate the efficacy of novel treatments as alternatives to antibiotics. The present study aimed to investigate potential gut health biomarkers in broiler chicks challenged by Campylobacter jejuni and subjected to a continuous water disinfection program. A total of 144 one-day-old hatched broiler chicks were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with four replicates each, according to the following experimental design: Group A received untreated drinking water; Group B received drinking water treated with 0.01–0.05% v/v Cid 2000™ (hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and paracetic acid); Group C was challenged by C. jejuni and received untreated drinking water; and Group D was challenged by C. jejuni and received drinking water treated with 0.01–0.05% v/v Cid 2000™. The use of Cid 2000™ started on day 1 and was applied in intervals until the end of the experiment at 36 days, while the C. jejuni challenge was applied on day 18. Potential biomarkers were investigated in serum, feces, intestinal tissue, intestinal content, and liver samples of broilers. Statistical analysis revealed significant increases (p < 0.001) in serum cortisol levels in C. jejuni-challenged broilers. Serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) increased significantly (p = 0.004) in broilers challenged by C. jejuni and treated with drinking water disinfectant, while fecal ovotransferrin concentration also increased significantly (p < 0.001) in broilers that received the drinking water disinfectant alone. The gene expression levels of occludin (p = 0.003) and mucin-2 (p < 0.001) were significantly upregulated in broilers challenged by C. jejuni, while mucin-2 significantly increased in birds that were challenged and received the drinking water disinfectant (p < 0.001). TLR-4 expression levels were significantly (p = 0.013) decreased in both groups that received the drinking water disinfectant, compared to the negative control group. Finally, the C. jejuni challenge significantly increased (p = 0.032) the crypt depth and decreased (p = 0.021) the villus height-to-crypt-depth ratio in the ileum of birds, while the tested disinfectant product increased (p = 0.033) the villus height in the jejunum of birds. Furthermore, the counts of C. jejuni in the ceca of birds (p = 0.01), as well as its translocation rate to the liver of broilers (p = 0.001), were significantly reduced by the addition of the water disinfectant. This research contributes to novel insights into the intricate interplay of water disinfection and/or C. jejuni challenge with potential intestinal biomarkers. In addition, it emphasizes the need for continued research to unveil the underlying mechanisms, expands our understanding of broiler responses to these challenges and identifies breakpoints for further investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Detection and Surveillance of Veterinary Infectious Disease)
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9 pages, 1875 KiB  
Communication
Presence and Characterisation of Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) in Northern Italy
by Enrica Sozzi, Gabriele Leo, Cristina Bertasio, Giovanni Loris Alborali, Cristian Salogni, Matteo Tonni, Nicoletta Formenti, Davide Lelli, Ana Moreno, Tiziana Trogu, Sabrina Canziani, Clara Tolini, Monica Pierangela Cerioli and Antonio Lavazza
Pathogens 2024, 13(1), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13010085 - 18 Jan 2024
Viewed by 924
Abstract
Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Respirovirus within the Paramyxoviridae family. Since its first detection in China in 2013, PRV1 has been identified in several American and European countries. Although its pathogenicity is uncertain, [...] Read more.
Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Respirovirus within the Paramyxoviridae family. Since its first detection in China in 2013, PRV1 has been identified in several American and European countries. Although its pathogenicity is uncertain, recent studies have suggested that it may play a role in the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) because of its capacity to replicate in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. This study aimed to determine the spread of PRV1 in Northern Italy and the phylogeny of the isolates. Therefore, PRV1 was investigated using real-time RT-PCR in 902 samples collected from September 2022 to September 2023 from pigs with respiratory symptoms in North Italy. Fourteen (1.55%) samples tested as PRV1-positive. The full-length fusion (F) gene, which codifies for a major surface protein, was amplified and used for phylogenetic analysis to help carry out molecular epidemiological studies on this virus. In addition, swine influenza virus (SIV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections were detected in most of the PRV1-positive samples. In conclusion, we report the detection of PRV1 in Italy and discuss its potential role as a co-factor in causing the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Detection and Surveillance of Veterinary Infectious Disease)
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