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Pathogens
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Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control
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Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacterial Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 6546

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Spagnolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze della salute (DISSAL), Università degli Studi di Genova, 16126 Genova, GE, Italy
Interests: healthcare environment; emerging pathogens; healthcare-associated infections; antimicrobial resistance; infection prevention and control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Severe bacterial infections are characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates so that the appropriateness of therapy can have a profound clinical impact.

Owing to the widespread emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, (e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii), the therapeutic benefits of antibiotics have been reduced. Active agents against Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are limited despite an increase in the availability of novel antibiotics in recent years.

MDROs are continuing to develop and spread in healthcare settings so healthcare-associated infections (HAI) pose one of the most severe threats to patients' health and remain a major challenge for healthcare providers globally.

Infection surveillance is one of the cornerstones of infection prevention and control. HAI surveillance, measured most frequently as the standardized infection ratio, is a form of quality monitoring to detect problems and to deploy rapid interventions.

Furthermore, it is used as a measure of hospital quality and for comparing facilities.

This Special Issue seeks research papers on various aspects related to the problem of the spread of pathogens in healthcare setting and environment, the antimicrobial resistance, the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections, including waterborne infections.

Especially we encourage the submission of interdisciplinary work and multi-country collaborative research. We welcome original research papers using different study designs as well as literature review, systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Dr. Anna Maria Spagnolo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infections
  • healthcare-associated infections
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • healthcare environment
  • infection prevention and control

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

4 pages, 161 KiB  
Editorial
Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control
by Anna Maria Spagnolo
Pathogens 2024, 13(2), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13020181 - 17 Feb 2024
Viewed by 941
Abstract
Bacteria play a vital role in maintaining human health, but they may also be responsible for many different serious infections and diseases [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review, Other

13 pages, 270 KiB  
Article
Brucellosis Seropositivity Using Three Serological Tests and Associated Risk Factors in Abattoir Workers in Gauteng Province, South Africa
by Francis B. Kolo, Abiodun A. Adesiyun, Folorunso O. Fasina, Bernice N. Harris, Jennifer Rossouw, Charles Byaruhanga, Hermanus De Wet Geyer, Lucille Blumberg, John Frean and Henriette van Heerden
Pathogens 2024, 13(1), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13010064 - 09 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1480
Abstract
Abattoir workers are liable to zoonotic infections from animals and animal products, primarily to diseases with asymptomatic and chronic clinical manifestations in animals, such as brucellosis. No published reports exist on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in abattoir workers in South Africa. Therefore, this [...] Read more.
Abattoir workers are liable to zoonotic infections from animals and animal products, primarily to diseases with asymptomatic and chronic clinical manifestations in animals, such as brucellosis. No published reports exist on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in abattoir workers in South Africa. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the occurrence and risk factors for Brucella exposure in abattoir workers in Gauteng Province. A total of 103 abattoir workers and managers from 6 abattoirs, where brucellosis-positive slaughtered cattle and sheep were previously detected, were interviewed and tested with serological assays using the Rose Bengal test (RBT), BrucellaCapt, and IgG-ELISA. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to consenting respondents to obtain information on risk factors for brucellosis. Of the 103 respondents tested, the distribution of female and male workers was 16 (15.5%) and 87 (84.5%), respectively. The seroprevalence for exposure to brucellosis was 21/103 (20.4%, 95%CI: 13.1–29.5) using a combination of RBT, BrucellaCapt, or IgG-ELISA. For test-specific results, seroprevalences by RBT, BrucellaCapt, and IgG-ELISA were 13/103 (12.6%, 95%CI: 6.9–20.6), 9/103 (8.74%, 95%CI: 4.1–15.9), and 18/103 (17.5%, 95%CI: 10.7–26.2), respectively. Low-throughput abattoirs were identified as associated risks, as 29.3% of workers were seropositive compared with 12.7% of workers in high-throughput abattoirs, which highlights that direct contact at abattoirs poses higher risk to workers than indirect and direct contact outside abattoirs. This study confirms the occurrence of Brucella spp. antibodies among abattoir workers in South Africa, possibly due to occupational exposure to Brucella spp., and highlights the occupational hazard to workers. Furthermore, findings underscore that abattoir facilities can serve as points for active and passive surveillance for indicators of diseases of public health importance. We recommend periodic implementation of brucellosis testing of abattoir workers country-wide to establish baseline data for informing appropriate preventive practices and reducing the potential burden of infection rates among these high-risk workers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control)

Review

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8 pages, 271 KiB  
Review
Pasteurella Multocida Infection in Humans
by Marcin Piorunek, Beata Brajer-Luftmann and Jarosław Walkowiak
Pathogens 2023, 12(10), 1210; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12101210 - 01 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2633
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is an immobile, anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacillus fermenting bacterium. This pathogen is commonly prevalent in the upper airways of healthy pets, such as cats and dogs, but was also confirmed in domestic cattle, rabbits, pigs, birds, and various [...] Read more.
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is an immobile, anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacillus fermenting bacterium. This pathogen is commonly prevalent in the upper airways of healthy pets, such as cats and dogs, but was also confirmed in domestic cattle, rabbits, pigs, birds, and various wild animals. Infection in humans occurs as a result of biting, scratching, or licking by animals and contact with nasopharyngeal secretions. Inflammation at the site of infection develops within the first day from the injury. It is usually confined to the skin and subcutaneous tissue but, in particular situations, may spread to other organs and manifest as a severe systemic infection. Careful history-taking and microbiological confirmation of the infection enable diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Any wound resulting from an animal bite should be disinfected. The preferred and highly effective treatment against local P. multocida infection is penicillin or its derivatives. The prognosis for P. multocida infections depends on the infected site and the patient’s comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control)

Other

6 pages, 185 KiB  
Case Report
Brucellar Endocarditis of the Tricuspid Valve: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
by Evangelo Boumis, Pierangelo Chinello, Vincenzo Galati, Simone Topino, Francesca Gavaruzzi and Stefania Cicalini
Pathogens 2024, 13(3), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030239 - 08 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1041
Abstract
Brucellar endocarditis is a rare entity commonly described as a severe disease associated with high mortality and generally requiring valve surgery for cure. Right-sided endocarditis, a very uncommon presentation of brucellosis, may be associated with a better prognosis. We describe the case of [...] Read more.
Brucellar endocarditis is a rare entity commonly described as a severe disease associated with high mortality and generally requiring valve surgery for cure. Right-sided endocarditis, a very uncommon presentation of brucellosis, may be associated with a better prognosis. We describe the case of a 72-year-old woman admitted to our institution with a persistent fever and multiple pulmonary infiltrates. Transthoracic echocardiography and serologic tests led to the diagnosis of brucellar tricuspid endocarditis. The patient responded favorably to antibiotic treatment alone and did not need surgery. Prolonged antibiotic therapy with a combination of drugs active on intracellular microorganisms in the absence of surgical treatment could be effective in brucellar tricuspid endocarditis when the valve is not severely damaged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacterial Infections: Surveillance, Prevention and Control)
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