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Nanomaterials
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Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems
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Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 17948

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roberto Molinaro

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Guest Editor
IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
Interests: biomimicry; personalized nanomedicine; drug delivery; theranostics
Dr. Claudia Corbo

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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Nanomedicine Nanomib, University of Milan Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, MB, Italy
Interests: nanomedicine; nano-bio interactions; biomimicry; protein corona; proteomics; drug delivery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, biomimetic nanomedicines arose as novel generation drug delivery systems bestowed with unexpected properties in terms of targeting diseased tissues, their ability to communicate with the biological milieu, and developing a biological response as is, even without the need for delivering a cargo. From a manufacturing standpoint, we have assisted with several approaches to assemble these carriers, from the camouflage of the surface of conventional nanoparticles to the self-assembly of biological materials. As a result, these biomimetic entities stand between two well-known worlds—the exosomes and the cells.This Special Issue plans to give an overview of the most recent advances in the field of biomimetic drug delivery systems and nanomedicine, as well as of their applications in diverse areas, from immunology to personalized therapy. The Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions on advances in biomimetic nanomedicine synthesis and characterization, the evaluation of their interaction with the biological milieu (i.e., plasma proteins, immune systems cells, lymphoid organs, and immune-relevant organs), and their theranostic potential. Inputs on scalable manufacturing protocols, protein corona’s involvement, and regulatory processes will enrich the discussion on the development and potentiality of such drug delivery systems.

Dr. Roberto Molinaro
Dr. Claudia Corbo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomimetic drug delivery systems
  • personalized nanomedicine
  • protein corona
  • nano-immune interactions

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4303 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of CuS-BSA/Lysozyme under Near Infrared Light Irradiation
by Abir Swaidan, Sena Ghayyem, Alexandre Barras, Ahmed Addad, Sabine Szunerits and Rabah Boukherroub
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(9), 2156; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11092156 - 24 Aug 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2952
Abstract
The synthesis of multifunctional photothermal nanoagents for antibiotic loading and release remains a challenging task in nanomedicine. Herein, we investigated a simple, low-cost strategy for the preparation of CuS-BSA nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with a natural enzyme, lysozyme, as an antibacterial drug model under [...] Read more.
The synthesis of multifunctional photothermal nanoagents for antibiotic loading and release remains a challenging task in nanomedicine. Herein, we investigated a simple, low-cost strategy for the preparation of CuS-BSA nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with a natural enzyme, lysozyme, as an antibacterial drug model under physiological conditions. The successful development of CuS-BSA NPs was confirmed by various characterization tools such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Lysozyme loading onto CuS-BSA NPs was evaluated by UV/vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering measurements. The CuS-BSA/lysozyme nanocomposite was investigated as an effective means for bacterial elimination of B. subtilis (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative), owing to the combined photothermal heating performance of CuS-BSA and lysozyme release under 980 nm (0.7 W cm−2) illumination, which enhances the antibiotic action of the enzyme. Besides the photothermal properties, CuS-BSA/lysozyme nanocomposite possesses photodynamic activity induced by NIR illumination, which further improves its bacterial killing efficiency. The biocompatibility of CuS-BSA and CuS-BSA/Lysozyme was elicited in vitro on HeLa and U-87 MG cancer cell lines, and immortalized human hepatocyte (IHH) cell line. Considering these advantages, CuS-BSA NPs can be used as a suitable drug carrier and hold promise to overcome the limitations of traditional antibiotic therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems)
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14 pages, 2260 KiB  
Article
Prunus spinosa Extract Loaded in Biomimetic Nanoparticles Evokes In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities
by Mattia Tiboni, Sofia Coppari, Luca Casettari, Michele Guescini, Mariastella Colomba, Daniele Fraternale, Andrea Gorassini, Giancarlo Verardo, Seeram Ramakrishna, Loretta Guidi, Barbara Di Giacomo, Michele Mari, Roberto Molinaro and Maria Cristina Albertini
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010036 - 25 Dec 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3564
Abstract
Prunus spinosa fruits (PSF) contain different phenolic compounds showing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Innovative drug delivery systems such as biomimetic nanoparticles could improve the activity of PSF extract by promoting (i) the protection of payload into the lipidic bilayer, (ii) increased accumulation to [...] Read more.
Prunus spinosa fruits (PSF) contain different phenolic compounds showing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Innovative drug delivery systems such as biomimetic nanoparticles could improve the activity of PSF extract by promoting (i) the protection of payload into the lipidic bilayer, (ii) increased accumulation to the diseased tissue due to specific targeting properties, (iii) improved biocompatibility, (iv) low toxicity and increased bioavailability. Using membrane proteins extracted from human monocyte cell line THP-1 cells and a mixture of phospholipids, we formulated two types of PSF-extract-loaded biomimetic vesicles differing from each other for the presence of either 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) or 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (DOPG). The biological activity of free extract (PSF), compared to both types of extract-loaded vesicles (PSF-DOPCs and PSF-DOPGs) and empty vesicles (DOPCs and DOPGs), was evaluated in vitro on HUVEC cells. PSF-DOPCs showed preferential incorporation of the extract. When enriched into the nanovesicles, the extract showed a significantly increased anti-inflammatory activity, and a pronounced wound-healing effect (with PSF-DOPCs more efficient than PSF-DOPGs) compared to free PSF. This innovative drug delivery system, combining nutraceutical active ingredients into a biomimetic formulation, represents a possible adjuvant therapy for the treatment of wound healing. This nanoplatform could be useful for the encapsulation/enrichment of other nutraceutical products with short stability and low bioavailability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems)
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11 pages, 1839 KiB  
Communication
Biomimetic Nanoparticles Potentiate the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Dexamethasone and Reduce the Cytokine Storm Syndrome: An Additional Weapon against COVID-19?
by Roberto Molinaro, Anna Pasto, Francesca Taraballi, Federica Giordano, Jamil A. Azzi, Ennio Tasciotti and Claudia Corbo
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2301; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112301 - 20 Nov 2020
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 6346
Abstract
Recent studies on coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology indicated the cytokine release syndrome induced by the virus as the main cause of mortality. Patients with severe COVID-19 infection present a systemic hyper inflammation that can lead to lung and multi-organ injuries. Among [...] Read more.
Recent studies on coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology indicated the cytokine release syndrome induced by the virus as the main cause of mortality. Patients with severe COVID-19 infection present a systemic hyper inflammation that can lead to lung and multi-organ injuries. Among the most recent treatments, corticosteroids have been identified to be effective in mitigating these catastrophic effects. Our group has recently developed leukocyte-derived nanovesicles, termed leukosomes, able to target in vivo the inflamed vasculature associated with pathological conditions including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and sepsis. Herein, to gain insights on the anti-inflammatory properties of leukosomes, we investigated their ability to reduce uncontrolled inflammation in a lethal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, recapitulating the cytokine storm syndrome observed in COVID-19 infection after encapsulating dexamethasone. Treated animals showed a significant survival advantage and an improved immune response resolution, as demonstrated by a cytokine array analysis of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other immune-relevant markers. Our results showed that leukosomes enhance the therapeutic activity of dexamethasone and better control the inflammatory response compared to the free drug. Such an approach could be useful for the development of personalized therapies in the treatment of hyperinflammation related to infectious diseases, including the ones caused by COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems)
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Review

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23 pages, 2732 KiB  
Review
Bioinspired Extracellular Vesicles: Lessons Learned From Nature for Biomedicine and Bioengineering
by Assaf Zinger, Ava Brozovich, Anna Pasto, Manuela Sushnitha, Jonathan O. Martinez, Michael Evangelopoulos, Christian Boada, Ennio Tasciotti and Francesca Taraballi
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(11), 2172; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112172 - 30 Oct 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4113
Abstract
Efficient communication is essential in all layers of the biological chain. Cells exchange information using a variety of signaling moieties, such as small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids. Cells carefully package these messages into lipid complexes, collectively named extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this [...] Read more.
Efficient communication is essential in all layers of the biological chain. Cells exchange information using a variety of signaling moieties, such as small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids. Cells carefully package these messages into lipid complexes, collectively named extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this work, we discuss the nature of these cell carriers, categorize them by their origin, explore their role in the homeostasis of healthy tissues, and examine how they regulate the pathophysiology of several diseases. This review will also address the limitations of using EVs for clinical applications and discuss novel methods to engineer nanoparticles to mimic the structure, function, and features of EVs. Using lessons learned from nature and understanding how cells use EVs to communicate across distant sites, we can develop a better understanding of how to tailor the fundamental features of drug delivery carriers to encapsulate various cargos and target specific sites for biomedicine and bioengineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomedicine and Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems)
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