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Nanomaterials
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Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials
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Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 6334

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Takahiro Kanno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
Interests: oral and maxillofacial surgery; maxillofacial regeneration; biomaterial; maxillofacial reconstruction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shintaro Sukegawa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
Interests: oral and maxillofacial surgery; Artificial Intelligence; orthognathic surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the realm of nanoscience and nanotechnology, the profound impact of nanoscale materials on a diverse array of applications continues to be felt. Notably, the field of nanomaterials has surged to the forefront of scientific innovation, unlocking a multitude of opportunities, particularly in the realm of biomedicine. Among the most compelling breakthroughs are functional biocompatible nanomaterials, a promising innovation frontier that bridges the gap between molecular precision and macroscopic functionality.

Functional biocompatible nanomaterials hold the key to revolutionizing diagnostics, therapies, and drug delivery, offering unprecedented precision and versatility. With tailored surface properties and finely tuned characteristics, these nanomaterials seamlessly interface with biological systems, minimizing adverse effects and maximizing therapeutic potential. The controlled manipulation of nanoparticles, such as size, shape, and surface chemistry, has opened new horizons in the treatment of diseases, imaging techniques, and regenerative medicine.

This Special Issue is dedicated to elucidating the current state of the art in the dynamic study of functional biocompatible nanomaterials in any fields such as medicine and dentistry. We invite leading experts, dental and medical clinicians, and researchers to contribute their insights and findings on a broad spectrum of approaches and applications. Original research papers and comprehensive reviews are welcome for submission to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Takahiro Kanno
Dr. Shintaro Sukegawa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional biomaterial
  • biocompatible biomaterial
  • medical biomaterial
  • dental biomaterial

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 38552 KiB  
Article
Dentine Remineralisation Induced by “Bioactive” Materials through Mineral Deposition: An In Vitro Study
by Marta Kunert, Ireneusz Piwonski, Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Salvatore Sauro, Francesco Inchingolo and Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(3), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14030274 - 27 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1428
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the ability of modern resin-based “bioactive” materials (RBMs) to induce dentine remineralisation via mineral deposition and compare the results to those obtained with calcium silicate cements (CSMs). The following materials were employed for restoration of dentine cavities: CSMs: [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess the ability of modern resin-based “bioactive” materials (RBMs) to induce dentine remineralisation via mineral deposition and compare the results to those obtained with calcium silicate cements (CSMs). The following materials were employed for restoration of dentine cavities: CSMs: ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona), MTA Angelus (Angelus), Biodentine (Septodont), and TheraCal LC (Bisco); RBMs: ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner (Pulpdent), ACTIVA Presto (Pulpdent), and Predicta Bioactive Bulk (Parkell). The evaluation of the mineral deposition was performed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on the material and dentine surfaces, as well as at the dentine–material interface after immersion in simulated body fluid. Additionally, the Ca/P ratios were also calculated in all the tested groups. The specimens were analysed after setting (baseline) and at 24 h, 7, 14, and 28 days. ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, and TheraCal LC showed significant surface precipitation, which filled the gap between the material and the dentine. Conversely, the three RBMs showed only a slight ability to induce mineral precipitation, although none of them was able to remineralise the dentine–material interface. In conclusion, in terms of mineral precipitation, modern “bioactive” RBMs are not as effective as CSMs in inducing dentine remineralisation; these latter represent the only option to induce a possible reparative process at the dentin–material interface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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27 pages, 27014 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Evaluation of Bone Regenerative Capacity of the Novel Nanobiomaterial: β-Tricalcium Phosphate Polylactic Acid-co-Glycolide (β-TCP/PLLA/PGA) for Use in Maxillofacial Bone Defects
by Mrunalini Ramanathan, Ankhtsetseg Shijirbold, Tatsuo Okui, Hiroto Tatsumi, Tatsuhito Kotani, Yukiho Shimamura, Reon Morioka, Kentaro Ayasaka and Takahiro Kanno
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(1), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14010091 - 28 Dec 2023
Viewed by 816
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are treated by autografting or filling with synthetic materials in various forms and shapes. Electrospun nanobiomaterials are becoming popular due to their easy placement and handling; combining ideal biomaterials extrapolates better outcomes. We used a novel electrospun cotton-like fiber made [...] Read more.
Maxillofacial bone defects are treated by autografting or filling with synthetic materials in various forms and shapes. Electrospun nanobiomaterials are becoming popular due to their easy placement and handling; combining ideal biomaterials extrapolates better outcomes. We used a novel electrospun cotton-like fiber made from two time-tested bioresorbable materials, β-TCP and PLLA/PGA, to check the feasibility of its application to maxillofacial bone defects through an in vivo rat mandibular bone defect model. Novel β-TCP/PLLA/PGA and pure β-TCP blocks were evaluated for new bone regeneration through assessment of bone volume, inner defect diameter reduction, and bone mineral density. Bioactive/osteoconductivity was checked by scoring the levels of Runt-related transcription factor x, Leptin Receptor, Osteocalcin, and Periostin biomarkers. Bone regeneration in both β-TCP/PLLA/PGA and β-TCP was comparable at initial timepoints. Osteogenic cell accumulation was greater in β-TCP/PLLA/PGA than in β-TCP at initial as well as late phases. Periostin expression was more marked in β-TCP/PLLA/PGA. This study demonstrated comparable results between β-TCP/PLLA/PGA and β-TCP in terms of bone regeneration and bioactivity, even with a small material volume of β-TCP/PLLA/PGA and a decreased percentage of β-TCP. Electrospun β-TCP/PLLA/PGA is an ideal nanobiomaterial for inducing bone regeneration through osteoconductivity and bioresorbability in bony defects of the maxillofacial region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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18 pages, 3135 KiB  
Article
Biocompatible Silver Nanoparticles: Study of the Chemical and Molecular Structure, and the Ability to Interact with Cadmium and Arsenic in Water and Biological Properties
by Federica Bertelà, Martina Marsotto, Cecilia Meneghini, Luca Burratti, Valentin-Adrian Maraloiu, Giovanna Iucci, Iole Venditti, Paolo Prosposito, Veronica D’Ezio, Tiziana Persichini and Chiara Battocchio
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(10), 2540; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11102540 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2373
Abstract
In the field of research for designing and preparing innovative nanostructured systems, these systems are able to reveal the presence of heavy metals in water samples, and can efficiently and selectively interact with them, allowing for future applications in the field of water [...] Read more.
In the field of research for designing and preparing innovative nanostructured systems, these systems are able to reveal the presence of heavy metals in water samples, and can efficiently and selectively interact with them, allowing for future applications in the field of water remediation. We investigated the electronic and molecular structure, as well as the morphology, of silver nanoparticles stabilized by mixed biocompatible ligands (the amino acid L-cysteine and the organic molecule citrate) in the presence of cadmium and arsenic ions. The molecular, electronic, and local structure at the ligands/silver nanoparticles interface was probed by the complementary synchrotron radiation-induced techniques (SR-XPS, NEXAFS and XAS). The optical absorption (in the UV-Vis range) of the nanosystem was investigated in the presence of Cd(II) and As(III) and the observed behavior suggested a selective interaction with cadmium. In addition, the toxicological profile of the innovative nanosystem was assessed in vitro using a human epithelial cell line HEK293T. We analyzed the viability of the cells treated with silver nanoparticles, as well as the activation of antioxidant response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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Review

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43 pages, 3161 KiB  
Review
Functionalized ZnO-Based Nanocomposites for Diverse Biological Applications: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
by Ioanna-Aglaia Vagena, Maria-Anna Gatou, Giorgos Theocharous, Pavlos Pantelis, Maria Gazouli, Natassa Pippa, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Evangelia A. Pavlatou and Nefeli Lagopati
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(5), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14050397 - 21 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1502
Abstract
The wide array of structures and characteristics found in ZnO-based nanostructures offers them a versatile range of uses. Over the past decade, significant attention has been drawn to the possible applications of these materials in the biomedical field, owing to their distinctive electronic, [...] Read more.
The wide array of structures and characteristics found in ZnO-based nanostructures offers them a versatile range of uses. Over the past decade, significant attention has been drawn to the possible applications of these materials in the biomedical field, owing to their distinctive electronic, optical, catalytic, and antimicrobial attributes, alongside their exceptional biocompatibility and surface chemistry. With environmental degradation and an aging population contributing to escalating healthcare needs and costs, particularly in developing nations, there’s a growing demand for more effective and affordable biomedical devices with innovative functionalities. This review delves into particular essential facets of different synthetic approaches (chemical and green) that contribute to the production of effective multifunctional nano-ZnO particles for biomedical applications. Outlining the conjugation of ZnO nanoparticles highlights the enhancement of biomedical capacity while lowering toxicity. Additionally, recent progress in the study of ZnO-based nano-biomaterials tailored for biomedical purposes is explored, including biosensing, bioimaging, tissue regeneration, drug delivery, as well as vaccines and immunotherapy. The final section focuses on nano-ZnO particles’ toxicity mechanism with special emphasis to their neurotoxic potential, as well as the primary toxicity pathways, providing an overall review of the up-to-date development and future perspectives of nano-ZnO particles in the biomedicine field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Biocompatible Nanomaterials)
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