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Special Issue "Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing"

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanofabrication and Nanomanufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 29 February 2024 | Viewed by 7548

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Deng Pan

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Guest Editor

Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: materials informatics; additive manufacturing; nanoporous metals; actuation; sensing; deformation

Prof. Dr. Xuefeng Zhang
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Guest Editor

Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, China
Interests: magnetic materials; electromagnetic compatible materials; DC arc plasma technology

Dr. Huakang Bian

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Guest Editor

Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; microstructure processing; microstructure; titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); inconel (trademark)

Prof. Dr. Yufan Zhao

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Guest Editor

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; powder processing; multi-scale simulation; solidification; microstructure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables fabricating a solid part with geometrically complex shape using a heat source (mainly laser or electron beams) in a layer-by-layer manner. Not only the large parts but also the micro and nano-scale parts can be fabricated by AM methods in metals and ceramics which is important for many applications in the aerospace, medical device, and electronics industries.

To take full advantage of additive manufacturing, an in-depth understanding of the melt pool behavior and the nano-scale microstructure evolution during additive manufacturing is required. Besides, the surface quality control of the melt pool and the final built part is one key factor for improving the mechanical property and final dimensional accuracy. To date, there are still many unsolved problems, including formation mechanism of metallurgical defects, predicting microstructure evolution, and controlling surface quality in AM. One way is to focus on the complicated melt-flow behavior in melt pool for microstructure prediction and process control, including natural convection characteristics inside the molten pool, heat transfer from molten pool to the vessel, and the temperature field.

This Special Issue is devoted to publishing original research and/or high-quality review articles relevant to recent advances in nano-scale microstructure evolution, micromechanics behavior and surface control in additive manufacturing. Potential topics for this Special Issue will include, but are not limited to, the following:

Laser powder bed fusion/electron beam powder bed fusion;
Novel powder fabrication and characterization
Sinter-based/binder jetting additive manufacturing technologies;
Laser-based additive manufacturing technologies;
Additive manufacturing of titanium, copper, magnesium, iron and their alloys;
Wire arc additive manufacturing;
Multi-material additive manufacturing technologies;
Solid-state additive manufacturing.

Prof. Dr. Deng Pan
Prof. Dr. Xuefeng Zhang
Dr. Huakang Bian
Prof. Dr. Yufan Zhao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

additive manufacturing(AM)
micro and nano-scale AM
selective laser melting
electron beam melting
microstructure
mechanical property
surface
micromechanics behavior

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3599 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Systematically Study the Tensile and Compressive Behaviors of Diamond-like Carbon

and

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1772; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111772 - 31 May 2023

Viewed by 630

Abstract

It is important to understand the mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) for use not only in frictionand wear-resistant coatings, but also in vibration reduction and damping increase at the layer interfaces. However, the mechanical properties of DLC are influenced by the working temperature and its density, and the applications of DLC as coatings are limited. In this work, we systematically studied the deformation behaviors of DLC under different temperatures and densities using compression and tensile testing of DLC by molecular dynamics (MD) methods. In our simulation results, the values of tensile stress and compressive stress decreased and tensile strain and compressive strain increased as the temperature increased from 300 K to 900 K during both tensile and compressive processes, indicating that the tensile stress and tensile strain depend on the temperature. During the tensile simulation, Young’s modulus of DLC models with different densities had a different sensitivity to the increase in temperature, and the DLC model with a high density was more sensitive than that with a low density, which was not seen in the compression process. We conclude that the Csp3-Csp2 transition leads to tensile deformation, while the Csp2-Csp3 transition and relative slip dominate compressive deformation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing)

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13 pages, 3976 KiB

Open AccessArticle

High-Performance On-Chip Racetrack Resonator Based on GSST-Slot for In-Memory Computing

Honghui Zhu

Yegang Lu

and

Linying Cai

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 837; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050837 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1100

Abstract

The data shuttling between computing and memory dominates the power consumption and time delay in electronic computing systems due to the bottleneck of the von Neumann architecture. To increase computational efficiency and reduce power consumption, photonic in-memory computing architecture based on phase change material (PCM) is attracting increasing attention. However, the extinction ratio and insertion loss of the PCM-based photonic computing unit are imperative to be improved before its application in a large-scale optical computing network. Here, we propose a 1 × 2 racetrack resonator based on Ge₂Sb₂Se₄Te₁ (GSST)-slot for in-memory computing. It demonstrates high extinction ratios of 30.22 dB and 29.64 dB at the through port and drop port, respectively. The insertion loss is as low as around 0.16 dB at the drop port in the amorphous state and about 0.93 dB at the through port in the crystalline state. A high extinction ratio means a wider range of transmittance variation, resulting in more multilevel levels. During the transition between crystalline and amorphous states, the tuning range of the resonant wavelength is as high as 7.13 nm, which plays an important role in the realization of reconfigurable photonic integrated circuits. The proposed phase-change cell demonstrates scalar multiplication operations with high accuracy and energy efficiency due to a higher extinction ratio and lower insertion loss compared with other traditional optical computing devices. The recognition accuracy on the MNIST dataset is as high as 94.6% in the photonic neuromorphic network. The computational energy efficiency can reach 28 TOPS/W, and the computational density of 600 TOPS/mm². The superior performance is ascribed to the enhanced interaction between light and matter by filling the slot with GSST. Such a device enables an effective approach to power-efficient in-memory computing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing)

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9 pages, 18418 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Operational Stability of Ta/Pt Thin-Film Microheaters: Impact of the Ta Adhesion Layer

and

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010094 - 25 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1961

Abstract

Microheaters with long-term stability are crucial for the development of a variety of microelectronic devices operated at high temperatures. Structured Ta/Pt bilayers, in which the Ta sublayer ensures high adhesion of the Pt resistive layer, are widely used to create microheaters. Herein, a comprehensive study of the microstructure of Ta/Pt films using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with local elemental analysis reveals the twofold nature of Ta after annealing. The main fraction of Ta persists in the form of tantalum oxide between the Pt resistive layer and the alumina substrate. Such a sublayer hampers Pt recrystallization and grain growth in bilayered Ta/Pt films in comparison with pure Pt films. Tantalum is also observed inside the Pt grains as individual Ta nanoparticles, but their volume fraction is only about 2%. Microheaters based on the 10 nm Ta/90 nm Pt bilayers after pre-annealing exhibit long-term stability with low resistance drift at 500 °C (less than 3%/month). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing)

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15 pages, 818 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Inkjet-Printed 2D Crystal Films: Role of the Microstructure and Interfaces

and

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(21), 3861; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12213861 - 01 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1460

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are uniquely suited for highly anisotropic thermal transport, which is important in thermoelectrics, thermal barrier coatings, and heat spreaders. Solution-processed 2D materials are attractive for simple, low-cost, and large-scale fabrication of devices on, virtually, any substrate. However, to date, there are only few reports with contrasting results on the thermal conductivity of graphene films, while thermal transport has been hardly measured for other types of solution-processed 2D material films. In this work, inkjet-printed graphene, h-BN and MoS

_{2}

films are demonstrated with thermal conductivities of ∼10 Wm

^{- 1}

^{- 1}

and ∼0.3 Wm

^{- 1}

^{- 1}

along and across the basal plane, respectively, giving rise to an anisotropy of ∼30, hardly dependent on the material type and annealing treatment. First-principles calculations indicate that portion of the phonon spectrum is cut-off by the quality of the thermal contact for transport along the plane, yet the ultra-low conductivity across the plane is associated with high-transmissivity interfaces. These findings can drive the design of highly anisotropic 2D material films for heat management applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing)

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Review

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23 pages, 5637 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Comprehensive Review on Printed Electronics: A Technology Drift towards a Sustainable Future

Sridhar Chandrasekaran

Arunkumar Jayakumar

and

Rajkumar Velu

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4251; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234251 - 29 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1946

Abstract

Printable electronics is emerging as one of the fast-growing engineering fields with a higher degree of customization and reliability. Ironically, sustainable printing technology is essential because of the minimal waste to the environment. To move forward, we need to harness the fabrication technology with the potential to support traditional process. In this review, we have systematically discussed in detail the various manufacturing materials and processing technologies. The selection criteria for the assessment are conducted systematically on the manuscript published in the last 10 years (2012–2022) in peer-reviewed journals. We have discussed the various kinds of printable ink which are used for fabrication based on nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanowires, molecular formulation, and resin. The printing methods and technologies used for printing for each technology are also reviewed in detail. Despite the major development in printing technology some critical challenges needed to be addressed and critically assessed. One such challenge is the coffee ring effect, the possible methods to reduce the effect on modulating the ink environmental condition are also indicated. Finally, a summary of printable electronics for various applications across the diverse industrial manufacturing sector is presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing)

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Special Issue "Nano-Scale Microstructure Evolution, Micromechanics Behavior and Surface Control in Additive Manufacturing"

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