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Molecules
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Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination
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Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2020) | Viewed by 20297

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Laszlo G. Boros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, The Clinical & Translational Research and Lundquist Institutes at the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and the Center for Deuterium Depletion, 1124 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
Interests: medicinal biochemistry; deutenomics; deuterium depletion; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades proliferative and degenerative diseases, e.g., cancer and Alzheimer’s, have foisted major health apprehensions worldwide with significant epidemiological, economical, and health policy-related implications. The focus on personalized genomics for research endeavors has forestalled the development of affordable and efficacious interventions, causing the emergence of resistance, severe adverse effects, and extremely high costs. Therefore, reevaluated research strategies of functional biochemistry-based integrative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are required to move oncology and medicine onward. Deuterons (2H), i. e., the stable isotope of Hydrogen (1H), doubled in size and weight and heedfully scrutinized under the field deutenomics, are now considered cataclysmic chemical substitutions for hydrogen in bonding chemical and cellular and biological networks, owing to their inordinate kinetic isotope effects. Deuterium ions fervently limit, and even disrupt, mitochondrial energy production, and atomic tunneling, while gumming DNA and protein structures due to protonated Zundel/Eigen cation formation in cellular interfacial water. The immense kinetic effects of hydrogen isotopes hinder biochemical reactions via the engendering of substantial metabolite crowding, also known as the Warburg effect.

This Special Issue calls for contributions covering all aspects of deutenomics, i.e., the science of continuous autonomic deuterium discrimination in nature that will furnish propitious clinical and translational tools for medicine in diagnosing and treating human diseases.

Prof. Dr. Laszlo G. Boros
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Deuterium;
  • Deutenomics;
  • Deuterium discrimination;
  • Deuterium depletion;
  • Metabolic water;
  • Mitochondria;
  • Zundel cation;
  • Eigen cation;
  • Matrix water;
  • Interfacial water;
  • Oncoisotope.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1101 KiB  
Article
Dependence of Biocatalysis on D/H Ratio: Possible Fundamental Differences for High-Level Biological Taxons
by Igor Zlatskiy, Tatiana Pleteneva, Alexander Skripnikov, Tatiana Grebennikova, Tatiana Maksimova, Nadine Antipova, Olga Levitskaya, Mariia Makarova, Igor Selivanenko and Anton Syroeshkin
Molecules 2020, 25(18), 4173; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184173 - 11 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
The kinetics of biological reactions depends on the deuterium/protium (D/H) ratio in water. In this work, we describe the kinetic model of biocatalytic reactions in living organisms depending on the D/H ratio. We show that a change in the lifetime or other characteristics [...] Read more.
The kinetics of biological reactions depends on the deuterium/protium (D/H) ratio in water. In this work, we describe the kinetic model of biocatalytic reactions in living organisms depending on the D/H ratio. We show that a change in the lifetime or other characteristics of the vital activity of some organisms in response to a decrease or increase in the content of deuterium in the environment can be a sign of a difference in taxons. For animals—this is a curve with saturation according to the Gauss’s principle, for plants—it is the Poisson dependence, for bacteria a weakly saturated curve with a slight reaction to the deuterium/protium ratio toward increasing deuterium. The biological activity of the aquatic environment with reduced, elevated, and natural concentrations of deuterium is considered. The results of the study are presented in different vital indicators of some taxons: the bacteria kingdom—the colony forming units (CFU) index (Escherichia coli); animals—the activation energy of the death of ciliates (Spirostomum ambiguum), embryogenesis of fish (Brachydanio rerio); plants—germination and accumulation of trace elements Callisia fragrans L., sprouting of gametophores and peptidomics of moss Physcomitrella patens. It was found that many organisms change their metabolism and activity, responding to both high and low concentrations of deuterium in water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination)
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20 pages, 3744 KiB  
Article
Inequality in the Frequency of the Open States Occurrence Depends on Single 2H/1H Replacement in DNA
by Alexander Basov, Mikhail Drobotenko, Alexandr Svidlov, Eugeny Gerasimenko, Vadim Malyshko, Anna Elkina, Mikhail Baryshev and Stepan Dzhimak
Molecules 2020, 25(16), 3753; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163753 - 18 Aug 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3144
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of 2H/1H isotopic exchange in hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous base pairs on occurrence and open states zones dynamics is investigated. These processes are studied using mathematical modeling, taking into account the number of open [...] Read more.
In the present study, the effect of 2H/1H isotopic exchange in hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous base pairs on occurrence and open states zones dynamics is investigated. These processes are studied using mathematical modeling, taking into account the number of open states between base pairs. The calculations of the probability of occurrence of open states in different parts of the gene were done depending on the localization of the deuterium atom. The mathematical modeling study demonstrated significant inequality (dependent on single 2H/1H replacement in DNA) among three parts of the gene similar in length of the frequency of occurrence of the open states. In this paper, the new convenient approach of the analysis of the abnormal frequency of open states in different parts of the gene encoding interferon alpha 17 was presented, which took into account both rising and decreasing of them that allowed to make a prediction of the functional instability of the specific DNA regions. One advantage of the new algorithm is diminishing the number of both false positive and false negative results in data filtered by this approach compared to the pure fractile methods, such as deciles or quartiles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination)
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15 pages, 1462 KiB  
Article
Deuterium-Depleted Water as Adjuvant Therapeutic Agent for Treatment of Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats
by Tetiana Halenova, Igor Zlatskiy, Anton Syroeshkin, Tatiana Maximova and Tatiana Pleteneva
Molecules 2020, 25(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010023 - 19 Dec 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 7773
Abstract
In this study, we present the potential application of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of obesity in rats. We tested the hypothesis that DDW can alleviate diet-induced obesity (DIO) and its associated metabolic impairments. Rats fed a high-fat diet [...] Read more.
In this study, we present the potential application of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of obesity in rats. We tested the hypothesis that DDW can alleviate diet-induced obesity (DIO) and its associated metabolic impairments. Rats fed a high-fat diet had an increased body weight index (BWI), glucose concentration, and level of certain proinflammatory cytokines; decreased levels of insulin in the serum; decreased tryptophan and serotonin in the brain, and a decreased concentration of some heavy metals in the liver. Drinking DDW at a concentration of 10 ppm deuterium/protium (D/H) ad libitum for 3 weeks restored the BWI, glucose (serum), tryptophan (brain), and serotonin (brain) levels and concentration of Zn in the liver in the DIO animals to those of the controls. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFNγ) and anti-inflammatory TNFα were decreased in DIO rats, while anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10) levels remained at the control levels, which is indicative of a pathophysiological syndrome. In contrast, in groups of rats treated with DDW, a significant increase in anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) and proinflammatory cytokines (IFNγ) was observed. This finding indicates a reduction in systemic inflammation in obese animals treated with DDW. Similarly, the high-fat diet caused an increased level of oxidative stress products, which was accompanied by decreased activity of both superoxide dismutase and catalase, whereas the administration of DDW decreased the level of oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination)
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22 pages, 1665 KiB  
Article
Possible Mechanisms of Biological Effects Observed in Living Systems during 2H/1H Isotope Fractionation and Deuterium Interactions with Other Biogenic Isotopes
by Alexander Basov, Liliya Fedulova, Ekaterina Vasilevskaya and Stepan Dzhimak
Molecules 2019, 24(22), 4101; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224101 - 13 Nov 2019
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5914
Abstract
This article presents the original descriptions of some recent physics mechanisms (based on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and quantum tunnel effects) providing stable 2H/1H isotope fractionation, leading to the accumulation of particular isotopic forms in intra- or intercellular space, including the [...] Read more.
This article presents the original descriptions of some recent physics mechanisms (based on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and quantum tunnel effects) providing stable 2H/1H isotope fractionation, leading to the accumulation of particular isotopic forms in intra- or intercellular space, including the molecular effects of deuterium interaction with 18O/17O/16O, 15N/14N, 13C/12C, and other stable biogenic isotopes. These effects were observed mainly at the organelle (mitochondria) and cell levels. A new hypothesis for heavy nonradioactive isotope fractionation in living systems via neutron effect realization is discussed. The comparative analysis of some experimental studies results revealed the following observation: “Isotopic shock” is highly probable and is observed mostly when chemical bonds form between atoms with a summary odd number of neutrons (i.e., bonds with a non-compensated neutron, which correspond to the following equation: Nn − Np = 2k + 1, where k ϵ Z, k is the integer, Z is the set of non-negative integers, Nn is number of neutrons, and Np is number of protons of each individual atom, or in pair of isotopes with a chemical bond). Data on the efficacy and metabolic pathways of the therapy also considered 2H-modified drinking and diet for some diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Friedreich’s ataxia, mitochondrial disorders, diabetes, cerebral hypoxia, Parkinson’s disease, and brain cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medicinal Biochemistry of Deuterium Discrimination)
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