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Microorganisms
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The Appropriate Use of Antibiotic in Hospitals and Outpatient Care...
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The Appropriate Use of Antibiotic in Hospitals and Outpatient Care Patients

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 1846

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Aida Bianco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: antimicrobial agents; antimicrobial resistance; appropriateness; epidemiology; healthcare services; public health; surveillance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antibiotics are frequently prescribed without indication in hospitals and in primary care settings. The inappropriate use of antibiotics poses a major challenge to public health, as it is one of the leading causes of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The threat of AMR impairs progress in health care and life expectancy. Therefore, better antibiotic use is required to slow the development of AMR and reduce its burden.

The Special Issue “The Appropriate Use of Antibiotics in Hospitals and Outpatient/Primary Care Patients” aims to discuss the progress that has been made in this area over the past few years, in order to improve our understanding of antibiotic use in hospital and outpatient settings.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit original research articles and comprehensive reviews on this topic. With this Special Issue, we aim to create a forum to foster a better understanding of determinants of inappropriate antibiotic use and to propose new research initiatives to address this relevant public health problem.

Dr. Aida Bianco
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial agents
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • Antimicrobial stewardship
  • Appropriateness
  • Hospital, Outpatient

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 883 KiB  
Article
Prediction of Insufficient Beta-Lactam Concentrations in Extracorporeal Membranous Oxygenation Patients
by Amandine Polain, Julie Gorham, Immacolata Romeo, Mirko Belliato, Lorenzo Peluso, Francesco Partipilo, Hassane Njimi, Alexandre Brasseur, Frederique Jacobs, Jacques Creteur, Maya Hites and Fabio Silvio Taccone
Microorganisms 2021, 9(11), 2219; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112219 - 25 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1394
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of insufficient beta-lactam concentrations in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients receiving ECMO support and treated with ceftazidime or cefepime (CEF), piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), or meropenem (MEM). Trough [...] Read more.
Background: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of insufficient beta-lactam concentrations in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients receiving ECMO support and treated with ceftazidime or cefepime (CEF), piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), or meropenem (MEM). Trough drug concentrations (Cmin) were measured before the subsequent dose, according to the decision of the attending physician. Insufficient drug concentrations were identified if Cmin was below the clinical breakpoint of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: A total of 222 Cmin (CEF, n = 41; TZP, n = 85; MEM, n = 96) from 110 patients were included; insufficient concentrations were observed in 26 (12%) antibiotic assessments; 21 (81%) of those occurred during MEM therapy. Insufficient Cmin were associated with a shorter time from initiation of antibiotics to measurement, a lower single dose of antibiotic, a higher creatinine clearance (CrCL), lower sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, and less use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) when compared to others. Conclusions: Insufficient broad-spectrum beta-lactam concentrations were observed in 12% of drug measurement during ECMO therapy. Higher than recommended drug regimens could be considered in the very early phase of therapy and in those patients with augmented renal clearance and with less severe organ dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Appropriate Use of Antibiotic in Hospitals and Outpatient Care Patients)
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