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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Microorganisms and Aging
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Microorganisms and Aging

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 13746

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Thomas Bosch

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Interests: evolutionary developmental biology; stem cells and aging; host–microbe interactions; neuro-microbiome; immunological processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleague,

Microorganisms strongly influence organ functions in an age‐ and diet‐dependent manner, adding an important dimension to aging biology that remains poorly understood. Although age‐related differences in the gut microbiota composition are correlated with age‐related loss of organ function and diseases, including inflammation and frailty, variation exists among the elderly, especially centenarians and people living in areas of extreme longevity. Studies using shortlived as well as nonsenescent model organisms provide surprising functional insights into factors affecting aging and implicate an attenuating effect of microbes. Is the microbiome a major component of healthy aging? Despite substantial progress in our understanding of the gut microbiome, still very little is known about age-associated changes in the microbiome and its metabolic outputs, how these changes influence host physiology, and whether aging patterns within the microbiome simply reflect or actually contribute to long-term health and survival outcomes.

The aim of this Special Issue of Microorganisms is to present a collection of articles that take a closer look at the importance of the microbiome in aging. Manuscripts providing an overview of all aspects of microbes and their functions related to the biology of aging are welcome, including basic research in animal models on the causal role of microbes on host aging, aging patterns within the microbiome, and the mechanisms of host–microbe interactions through to a more applied angle, such as modifiable microbial features that may promote healthy aging and longevity.

Prof. Dr. Thomas Bosch
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • longevity
  • microbiome
  • disease
  • model organisms
  • inflammaging
  • host–microbe interaction
  • holobiont
  • probiotic science

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1946 KiB  
Article
Succession Analysis of Gut Microbiota Structure of Participants from Long-Lived Families in Hechi, Guangxi, China
by Minhong Ren, He Li, Zhen Fu and Quanyang Li
Microorganisms 2021, 9(12), 2524; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122524 - 07 Dec 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2813
Abstract
The gut microbiota structure has been proposed to be involved in longevity. In this study, trajectories of age-related changes in gut microbiota were analyzed by comparing the gut microbiota composition from long-lived families. A specific bacterial community pattern and signature taxa of long-lived [...] Read more.
The gut microbiota structure has been proposed to be involved in longevity. In this study, trajectories of age-related changes in gut microbiota were analyzed by comparing the gut microbiota composition from long-lived families. A specific bacterial community pattern and signature taxa of long-lived people were found in long-lived families, such as the enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae in all age groups and the higher abundances of Christensenellaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Rikenellaceae, Mogibacteriaceae, and Odoribacteraceae in long-lived elderly and the positive correlation between them. The cumulative abundance of the core microbiota was approximately stable along with age, but the genera and species in the core microbiota were rearranged with age, especially in Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Compared with the control group, the proportions of Lachnospiraceae, Roseburia, and Blautia were significantly higher in participants from the long-lived village, but their abundances gradually decreased along with age. Based on functional predictions, the proportions of pathways related to short-chain fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipoic acid metabolism were significantly higher in the long-lived elderly compared with the offspring group. The trajectory of gut microbiota composition along with age in participants from long-lived families might reveal potential health-promoting metabolic characteristics, which could play an important role in healthy aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microorganisms and Aging)
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Review

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17 pages, 909 KiB  
Review
Utilization of Host and Microbiome Features in Determination of Biological Aging
by Karina Ratiner, Suhaib K. Abdeen, Kim Goldenberg and Eran Elinav
Microorganisms 2022, 10(3), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030668 - 21 Mar 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 8461
Abstract
The term ‘old age’ generally refers to a period characterized by profound changes in human physiological functions and susceptibility to disease that accompanies the final years of a person’s life. Despite the conventional definition of old age as exceeding the age of 65 [...] Read more.
The term ‘old age’ generally refers to a period characterized by profound changes in human physiological functions and susceptibility to disease that accompanies the final years of a person’s life. Despite the conventional definition of old age as exceeding the age of 65 years old, quantifying aging as a function of life years does not necessarily reflect how the human body ages. In contrast, characterizing biological (or physiological) aging based on functional parameters may better reflect a person’s temporal physiological status and associated disease susceptibility state. As such, differentiating ‘chronological aging’ from ‘biological aging’ holds the key to identifying individuals featuring accelerated aging processes despite having a young chronological age and stratifying them to tailored surveillance, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome changes along with physiological aging and may play a pivotal role in a variety of age-related diseases, in a manner that does not necessarily correlate with chronological age. Harnessing of individualized gut microbiome data and integration of host and microbiome parameters using artificial intelligence and machine learning pipelines may enable us to more accurately define aging clocks. Such holobiont-based estimates of a person’s physiological age may facilitate prediction of age-related physiological status and risk of development of age-associated diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microorganisms and Aging)
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Other

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7 pages, 256 KiB  
Perspective
Hydra’s Lasting Partnership with Microbes: The Key for Escaping Senescence?
by Jinru He and Thomas C. G. Bosch
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 774; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040774 - 04 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1730
Abstract
Aging results from a complex interplay between genetic endowment and environmental exposures during lifetime. As our understanding of the aging process progresses, so does the need for experimental animal models that allow a mechanistic understanding of the genetic and environmental factors involved. One [...] Read more.
Aging results from a complex interplay between genetic endowment and environmental exposures during lifetime. As our understanding of the aging process progresses, so does the need for experimental animal models that allow a mechanistic understanding of the genetic and environmental factors involved. One such well-studied animal model is the freshwater polyp Hydra. Hydra are remarkable because they are non-senescent. Much of this non-senescence can be ascribed to a tissue consisting of stem cells with continuous self-renewal capacity. Another important fact is that Hydra’s ectodermal epithelial surface is densely colonized by a stable multispecies bacterial community. The symbiotic partnership is driven by interactions among the microbiota and the host. Here, we review key advances over the last decade that are deepening our understanding of the genetic and environmental factors contributing to Hydra’s non-senescent lifestyle. We conclude that the microbiome prevents pathobiont invasion (colonization resistance) and stabilizes the patterning mechanisms, and that microbiome malfunction negatively affects Hydra’s continuous self-renewal capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microorganisms and Aging)
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