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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Gut Microbiome Modulation and Its Consequences to Infant Development
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Gut Microbiome Modulation and Its Consequences to Infant Development

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 5893

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kinga K. Smolen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: mother–infant dyad; immune ontogeny; early life vaccines; innate immune response; vaccine adjuvants; maternal immune transfer; pregnancy; vaccine clinical trials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Bruce German

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
2. Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
Interests: human milk; infant microbiome development; molecular fuel; metabolism; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to assemble a series of articles that address the current understanding of the impact of microbiota in early life, from the features that colonize and guide the microbiome to its interplay with host development, specifically immune system, nutritional transitions, and metabolic contributions; to modes of nutritional influence and maternal factors on the infant microbiome and development; to molecular fuel and microbiome adaptation to nutritional transition.

We welcome Original Research articles and Reviews but, other article types welcomed by the journal will also be considered such as Perspective, Methods, Mini Reviews and Brief Research Reports. Submissions focusing on, but not limited to, the following subtopics related to the association between the human microbiome, early life ontogeny/development, metabolism, and nutrition will be considered:

  • Evolutionary history of infant intestinal health and microbiome
  • Milk; the mechanisms of support of the inoculation, maturation, and functions of the infant microbiome
  • Maternal influence on the infant microbiome and development
  • Modes of nutritional influence on the infant microbiome and development
  • Microbiome adaptation in the transition from breastfeeding/formula to solids foods
  • Molecular Fuel: the metabolites of microbes and their targets of action
  • Parallels of microbiome and immune development
  • Optimal experimental design(s), study design(s) to understand microbiome optimization
  • Analytics, methodology of microbial ecology and metabolism, accurate monitoring of infant development and long term outcomes

text

Manuscripts covering these areas of knowledge, and others related to human microbiome, early life ontogeny/development, metabolism, and nutrition, are of interest for this Special Issue.

Dr. Kinga K. Smolen
Dr. Bruce German
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human milk
  • evolutionary of infant microbiome
  • maternal influence on microbiome
  • infant microbiome (development)
  • microbiome optimization
  • metabolism
  • infant immune ontogeny
  • modes of nutrition
  • microbiome adaptation
  • molecular fuel

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1748 KiB  
Article
Early Life Factors Influencing Children Gut Microbiota at 3.5 Years from Two French Birth Cohorts
by Gaël Toubon, Marie-José Butel, Jean-Christophe Rozé, Ioannis Nicolis, Johanne Delannoy, Cécile Zaros, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Julio Aires and Marie-Aline Charles
Microorganisms 2023, 11(6), 1390; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061390 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2022
Abstract
Early life gut microbiota-influencing factors may play an important role in programming individuals long-term health and substantial efforts have been devoted into studying the development of the gut microbiota in relation to early life events. This study aimed to examine in a single [...] Read more.
Early life gut microbiota-influencing factors may play an important role in programming individuals long-term health and substantial efforts have been devoted into studying the development of the gut microbiota in relation to early life events. This study aimed to examine in a single study, the persistence of associations between 20 factors occurring in the early life and the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of 798 children from two French nationwide birth cohorts, EPIPAGE 2 (very preterm children) and ELFE (late preterm and full-term children). Gut microbiota profiling was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based method. Upon thorough adjustment of confounding factors, we demonstrated that gestational age was one of the factors most associated with gut microbiota differences with a noticeable imprint of prematurity at 3.5 years of age. Children born by cesarean section harbored lower richness and diversity and a different overall gut microbiota composition independently of preterm status. Children who had ever received human milk were associated with a Prevotella-driven enterotype (P_type) compared to those who had never received human milk. Living with a sibling was associated with higher diversity. Children with siblings and those attending daycare centers were associated with a P_type enterotype. Maternal factors including the country of birth and preconception maternal body mass index were associated with some microbiota characteristics: children born to overweight or obese mothers showed increased gut microbiota richness. This study reveals that multiple exposures operating from early life imprint the gut microbiota at 3.5 years that is a pivotal age when the gut microbiota acquires many of its adult characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome Modulation and Its Consequences to Infant Development)
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14 pages, 2400 KiB  
Article
Human Milk Microbiota Profile Affected by Prematurity in Argentinian Lactating Women
by Sofía Oddi, Anastasia Mantziari, Paula Huber, Ana Binetti, Seppo Salminen, Maria Carmen Collado and Gabriel Vinderola
Microorganisms 2023, 11(4), 1090; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041090 - 21 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1635
Abstract
To study (16S rRNA-sequencing) the impact of gestational and corrected ages on the microbiota profile of human milk (HM) of mothers that delivered full-term and pre-term children, HM samples were obtained and classified according to the gestational age as group T (full-term births [...] Read more.
To study (16S rRNA-sequencing) the impact of gestational and corrected ages on the microbiota profile of human milk (HM) of mothers that delivered full-term and pre-term children, HM samples were obtained and classified according to the gestational age as group T (full-term births ≥37 weeks), and group P (pre-term births <37 weeks). Group P was longitudinally followed, and the samples were collected at the full-term corrected gestational age: when the chronological age plus the gestational age were ≥37 weeks (PT group). The HM microbiota composition differed depending on the gestational age (T vs. P). Group T had lower levels of Staphylococcus and higher levels of Rothia and Streptococcus, as compared to group P. The alpha Simpson diversity value was higher in group T than in P, whereas no differences were found between groups T and PT, suggesting a microbial evolution of the composition of group P towards group T over chronological age. Full-term delivery was associated with a greater diversity of microbes in HM. The microbial composition of pre-term HM, at the corrected age, did not show significant differences, as compared to the samples obtained from the full-term group, suggesting that it would be appropriate to consider the corrected age in terms of the composition and the diversity of the milk in future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome Modulation and Its Consequences to Infant Development)
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12 pages, 1226 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Intestinal Microbial Metabolites in Preterm Infants with Different Initial Feeding Methods by In Vitro Fermentation Modeling System
by Yunwei Li, Jingjing Jiang, Liying Zhu, Xin Wang, Weilin Wan, Danhua Wang and Zhenghong Li
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1453; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071453 - 19 Jul 2022
Viewed by 1566
Abstract
We aim to explore the intestinal microbial metabolites in preterm infants with noninvasive methods and analyze the effects of initial feeding methods. Preterm infants with gestational weeks lower than 34 were recruited for fecal sample collection every 7 days. Fecal pH, ammonia, bile [...] Read more.
We aim to explore the intestinal microbial metabolites in preterm infants with noninvasive methods and analyze the effects of initial feeding methods. Preterm infants with gestational weeks lower than 34 were recruited for fecal sample collection every 7 days. Fecal pH, ammonia, bile acid, and secretory IgA (sIgA) were tested. A 1:10 fecal slurry was inoculated into different culture media containing different carbohydrates as the only carbon source: lactose (LAT), fructooligosaccharide (FOS), galactooligosaccharide (GOS), and 2′-fucosyllactose (FL2). After 24 h of anaerobic culture through an in vitro fermentation system, air pressure difference, carbohydrate degradation rate, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content in fermentation pots were measured. Preterm infants were assigned into two groups: group A, preterm infants fed by human milk, including mother’s own milk and donor human milk (DHM); group B, preterm infants fed by preterm formula at first 3 days and fed by human milk (including mother’s own milk and DHM) from day 4 to discharge. Group A included 90 samples and group B included 70 samples. Group A had lower fecal pH (p = 0.023), ammonia (p = 0.001), and bile acids (p = 0.025). Group B also had higher fecal sIgA levels, both in OD (p = 0.046) and concentration (p < 0.0001) methods. Carbohydrates degradation rates in group A were higher than group B, especially in LAT medium (p = 0.017) and GOS medium (p = 0.005). Gas production amount had no significant difference in all four media. Several different SCFAs in four kinds of different culture media in group A were higher than in group B, but valeric acid was lower in group A. The initial feeding methods may affect the preterm infants’ intestinal microecology and microbial metabolites for at least several weeks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome Modulation and Its Consequences to Infant Development)
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