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Membranes
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Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery
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Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2020) | Viewed by 12247

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sandra Rosenberger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences, Albrechtstraße 30, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
Interests: membrane bioreactors; anaerobic digestion; membrane driven nutrient recovery; membrane biomass interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With new contaminants, lower detection limits, and a rising population, traditional contaminant removal concepts for waste and wastewater treatment are under considerable strain. Generating effluents of higher quality continuously increases energy demand and the environmental footprint of the treatment facilities. I am convinced that these limits will provoke a paradigm shift from pollution removal to resource recovery in the near future. Resource recovery offers possibilities for the simultaneous production of clean water, energy, and nutrients. In times of finite mineral resources and increasing fertilizer demand, nutrient recycling will be a necessary subsequent step towards a circular economy.

Rethinking contaminants as resources offers new process solutions for many complex aqueous suspensions like wastewater, agricultural and biowaste streams, livestock manure, and digestates. Due to their modular set-up and selectivity, membranes offer a great potential to increase the technical and economic feasibility of resource recovery. They can be applied as part of the process chain or as an end of pipe solution, depending on the task. They can be used for physical separation or as part of a hybrid system with biological and chemical processes. The membrane toolbox offers various possibilities to recover nutrients and design specific recycling products. Recent work includes the whole range of membrane application from microfiltration to forward osmosis.

I would like to invite you to share your work on nutrient recovery and submit your original research or critical review articles to this Special Issue on “Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery”.

Prof. Dr. Sandra Rosenberger
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • recovery
  • recycling
  • nutrient
  • water
  • energy
  • wastewater
  • sludge
  • waste
  • phosphate
  • ammonia

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4342 KiB  
Article
Influence of Ozone Treatment on Ultrafiltration Performance and Nutrient Flow in a Membrane Based Nutrient Recovery Process from Anaerobic Digestate
by Tobias Gienau, Artjom Ehrmanntraut, Matthias Kraume and Sandra Rosenberger
Membranes 2020, 10(4), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes10040064 - 04 Apr 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3930
Abstract
Membrane filtration of biological suspensions is frequently limited by fouling. This mechanism is well understood for ultrafiltration of activated sludge in membrane bioreactors. A rather young application of ultrafiltration is the recovery of nutrients from anaerobic digestates, e.g., from agricultural biogas plants. A [...] Read more.
Membrane filtration of biological suspensions is frequently limited by fouling. This mechanism is well understood for ultrafiltration of activated sludge in membrane bioreactors. A rather young application of ultrafiltration is the recovery of nutrients from anaerobic digestates, e.g., from agricultural biogas plants. A process chain of solid/liquid separation, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmoses separates the digestate into different products: an organic N-P-fertilizer (solid digestate), a recirculate (UF retentate), a liquid N-K-fertilizer (RO retentate) and water. Despite the preceding particle removal, high crossflow velocities are required in the ultrafiltration step to overcome fouling. This leads to high operation costs of the ultrafiltration step and often limits the economical application of the complete process chain. In this study, under-stoichiometric ozone treatment of the ultrafiltration feed stream is investigated. Ozone treatment reduced the biopolymer concentration and apparent viscosity of different digestate centrates. Permeabilities of centrate treated with ozone were higher than without ozone treatment. In a laboratory test rig and in a pilot plant operated at the site of two full scale biogas plants, ultrafiltration flux could be improved by 50–80% by ozonation. Nutrient concentrations in the fertilizer products were not affected by ozone treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery)
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15 pages, 2031 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Layer-By-Layer Modified Nanofiltration Membrane Stability in Phosphoric Acid
by Kirsten Remmen, Barbara Müller, Joachim Köser, Matthias Wessling and Thomas Wintgens
Membranes 2020, 10(4), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes10040061 - 03 Apr 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2874
Abstract
Nanofiltration (NF) can enable P recovery from waste streams via retaining multivalent impurities from spent pickling acid. However, with the currently available membranes, an economically feasible process is impossible. Layer-by-layer modified NF membranes are a promising solution for the recovery of P from [...] Read more.
Nanofiltration (NF) can enable P recovery from waste streams via retaining multivalent impurities from spent pickling acid. However, with the currently available membranes, an economically feasible process is impossible. Layer-by-layer modified NF membranes are a promising solution for the recovery of P from acidic leachate. LbL membranes show a high level of versatility in terms of fine tuning for ion retention, which is necessary to achieve sufficient phosphorus yields. However, the stability of layer-by-layer modified membranes during phosphoric acid (H3PO4) filtration needs to be further investigated. In our study, we show that a polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane modified with four or eight bi-layers was stable during immersing and filtering of a 15% H3PO4 solution. A sulfonated polyethersulfone (sPES)-based hollow fiber LbL membrane was only stable during filtration. Thus, we show the importance of applying real process conditions to evaluate membranes. Another important aspect is the influence of the high ionic strength of the feed solution on the membrane. We show that a high ionic strength led to a decrease in Mg retention, which could be increased to 85% by adjusting the process parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery)
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13 pages, 4861 KiB  
Case Report
Pilot-Scale Demonstration of Membrane-Based Nitrogen Recovery from Swine Manure
by Beatriz Molinuevo-Salces, Berta Riaño, Matias B. Vanotti, David Hernández-González and María Cruz García-González
Membranes 2020, 10(10), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes10100270 - 01 Oct 2020
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 4866
Abstract
Gas-permeable membranes technology presents a high potential for nitrogen (N) recovery from wastewaters rich in ammonia (NH3). The EU project Ammonia Trapping (AT) is aimed at transferring knowledge from the lab-scale level to on-farm pilot-scale level, using this technology to recover [...] Read more.
Gas-permeable membranes technology presents a high potential for nitrogen (N) recovery from wastewaters rich in ammonia (NH3). The EU project Ammonia Trapping (AT) is aimed at transferring knowledge from the lab-scale level to on-farm pilot-scale level, using this technology to recover NH3 from livestock wastewaters. The goal of this study is to report the results of an on-farm pilot-scale demonstration plant using gas-permeable membranes to recover N from raw swine manure. After a setup optimization of the plant, stable, and continuous operation was achieved. The maximum NH3 recovery rate obtained was 38.20 g NH3-N m−2 membrane day−1. This recovery rate was greatly affected by the temperature of the process. In addition to its contribution to NH3 emissions reduction, this technology contributes to the recovery of nutrients in the form of a concentrated stable ammonium sulphate solution. This solution contained 3.2% of N, which makes it suitable for fertigation. The economic approach revealed an economic feasibility of the technology, resulting in a cost of 2.07 € per kg N recovered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Technologies for Nutrient Recovery)
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