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Toxicity and Functionalization of Nanomaterials
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Toxicity and Functionalization of Nanomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 7968

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Rodica Elena Ionescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Light, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology (L2n), CNRS EMR 7004, University of Technology of Troyes, 12 Rue Marie Curie, CS 42060, CEDEX, 10004 Troyes, France
Interests: disposable biosensors; nanostructuration; biofunctionalization; multiplexed plasmonic sensing; biological nanolithography; bioluminescence; environmental toxicity; lab on a chip
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Nanomaterials are miniaturized active matrices for the immobilization of chemical and biological entities, contributing to the ultrasentive detection of environmental pollution or medical diagnostics at different levels. On the other hand, nanomaterials are used in the preparation of medicines, cosmetics, food and beverages. Many research groups are focusing on the synthesis of naked and (bio)functionalized metallic and non-metallic nanomaterials of controlled or random shapes and sizes. Nowadays, the potential toxicity of such nanomaterials is poorly explored or even ignored. The aim of this Special Issue is to raise awareness among the scientific community of the urgent need to develop sensitive protocols/tools to rapidly assess the toxicity of nanomaterials and to avoid irreversible changes in human health and biotas.

Articles addressing reproducible, robust and specific (bio)functionalization routes of nanomaterials are welcome. Systematic studies on the toxicity of nanomaterials for living cells and microorganisms are highly solicited.

Prof. Rodica Elena Ionescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Synthesis of nanomaterials
  • (Bio)functionalization of nanomaterials
  • Toxicity of metallic nanoparticles
  • Toxicity of carbonaceous nanoparticles
  • Environmental pollution
  • Medical treatments
  • Cosmetics preparation
  • Food and beverages

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5505 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Cellular Internalization of Spherical Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) into Normal and Cancerous Fibroblasts
by Nur Aima Hafiza Shazali, Noorzaileen Eileena Zaidi, Hidayah Ariffin, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, Ferial Ghaemi, Jafri Malin Abdullah, Ichiro Takashima and Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd. Rahman
Materials 2019, 12(19), 3251; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193251 - 04 Oct 2019
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 4494
Abstract
The aim was to isolate cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from commercialized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose nanofibre (CNF) through sulphuric acid hydrolysis and explore its safeness as a potential nanocarrier. Successful extraction of CNC was confirmed through a field emission scanning electron microscope [...] Read more.
The aim was to isolate cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from commercialized oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose nanofibre (CNF) through sulphuric acid hydrolysis and explore its safeness as a potential nanocarrier. Successful extraction of CNC was confirmed through a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transmission infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry analysis. For subsequent cellular uptake study, the spherical CNC was covalently tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), resulting in negative charged FITC-CNC nanospheres with a dispersity (Ð) of 0.371. MTT assay revealed low degree cytotoxicity for both CNC and FITC-CNC against C6 rat glioma and NIH3T3 normal fibroblasts up to 50 µg/mL. FITC conjugation had no contribution to the particle’s toxicity. Through confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), synthesized FITC-CNC manifested negligible cellular accumulation, indicating a poor non-selective adsorptive endocytosis into studied cells. Overall, an untargeted CNC-based nanosphere with less cytotoxicity that posed poor selectivity against normal and cancerous cells was successfully synthesized. It can be considered safe and suitable to be developed into targeted nanocarrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity and Functionalization of Nanomaterials)
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19 pages, 4205 KiB  
Article
Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles Obtained by Laser Ablation Induce Inflammatory Response in Human Lung Fibroblasts
by Sorina Nicoleta Voicu, Mihaela Balas, Miruna Silvia Stan, Bogdan Trică, Andreea Iren Serban, Loredana Stanca, Anca Hermenean and Anca Dinischiotu
Materials 2019, 12(7), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071026 - 28 Mar 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3134
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) represent environmentally born nanomaterials that are used in multiple biomedical applications. Our aim was to study the amorphous SiO2 NP-induced inflammatory response in MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts up to 72 hours of exposure. The intracellular distribution of [...] Read more.
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) represent environmentally born nanomaterials that are used in multiple biomedical applications. Our aim was to study the amorphous SiO2 NP-induced inflammatory response in MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts up to 72 hours of exposure. The intracellular distribution of SiO2 NPs was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test was used for cellular viability evaluation. We have also investigated the lysosomes formation, protein expression of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18), COX-2, Nrf2, TNF-α, and nitric oxide (NO) production. Our results showed that the level of lysosomes increased in time after exposure to the SiO2 NPs. The expressions of interleukins and COX-2 were upregulated, whereas the expressions and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased in a time-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrated that the exposure of MRC-5 cells to 62.5 µg/mL of SiO2 NPs induced an inflammatory response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity and Functionalization of Nanomaterials)
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