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Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2022) | Viewed by 8400

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
Interests: materials chemistry; carbon nanomaterials; composites; coatings; energy storage; aerospace; biomedical; oilfield applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Functional nanomaterials are nanomaterials that fulfill a certain task. For many specific applications, the engineering of multifunctional properties in nanomaterials is highly desirable. Multi-functionality can be introduced by the combination of at least two different physicochemical properties such as, for example, optical (fluorescence) and magnetic. Chemical functionalization of nanomaterials plays important role in engineering and expanding their functional applications. For instance, this approach has been explored in the biomedical multitasking applications like sensing and manipulations. Chemical strategies have become largely accessible for engineering nanomaterial properties that cannot be produced by conventional chemical reactions leading to a large field of applications in biology, medicine, environment, energy, communications, and computer technology.

The scope of this Special Issue, entitled “Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials” is to provide the state-of-the-art of research on the production, characterization, properties, and broad applications of multifunctional nanomaterials, as well as to cover the current challenges and opportunities in industrial acceptance of the nanomaterials and nanotechnologies.

Prof. Dr. Valery N. Khabashesku
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • production
  • characterization
  • functionalization
  • physico-chemical properties
  • multi-functionality
  • sensing
  • imaging
  • applications
  • biology
  • medicine
  • energy
  • communications

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3628 KiB  
Article
Fluorinated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Coated Separator Mitigates Polysulfide Shuttle in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
by Devashish Salpekar, Changxin Dong, Eliezer F. Oliveira, Valery N. Khabashesku, Guanhui Gao, Ved Ojha, Robert Vajtai, Douglas S. Galvao, Ganguli Babu and Pulickel M. Ajayan
Materials 2023, 16(5), 1804; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051804 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1914
Abstract
Li-S batteries still suffer from two of the major challenges: polysulfide shuttle and low inherent conductivity of sulfur. Here, we report a facile way to develop a bifunctional separator coated with fluorinated multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mild fluorination does not affect the inherent graphitic [...] Read more.
Li-S batteries still suffer from two of the major challenges: polysulfide shuttle and low inherent conductivity of sulfur. Here, we report a facile way to develop a bifunctional separator coated with fluorinated multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mild fluorination does not affect the inherent graphitic structure of carbon nanotubes as shown by transmission electron microscopy. Fluorinated carbon nanotubes show an improved capacity retention by trapping/repelling lithium polysulfides at the cathode, while simultaneously acting as the “second current collector”. Moreover, reduced charge-transfer resistance and enhanced electrochemical performance at the cathode-separator interface result in a high gravimetric capacity of around 670 mAh g−1 at 4C. Unique chemical interactions between fluorine and carbon at the separator and the polysulfides, studied using DFT calculations, establish a new direction of utilizing highly electronegative fluorine moieties and absorption-based porous carbons for mitigation of polysulfide shuttle in Li-S batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials)
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17 pages, 8837 KiB  
Article
On Growth and Morphology of TiO2 Nanotubes on CP-Ti by Anodic Oxidation in Ethylene Glycol Electrolyte: Influence of Electrolyte Aging and Anodization Parameters
by Bruno Ribeiro, Ruben Offoiach, Stefano Rossetti, Elisa Salatin, Maria Lekka and Lorenzo Fedrizzi
Materials 2022, 15(9), 3338; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15093338 - 6 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1795
Abstract
Anodic oxidation of CP-Ti, for production of TiO2 nanotubes, has been extensively described in terms of the electrochemical mechanism of tubular growth or the effect of the parameters on the final tube morphology. Recently, a kinetic growth model was proposed to describe [...] Read more.
Anodic oxidation of CP-Ti, for production of TiO2 nanotubes, has been extensively described in terms of the electrochemical mechanism of tubular growth or the effect of the parameters on the final tube morphology. Recently, a kinetic growth model was proposed to describe the distinct morphologies of the anodic oxide layer as phases of the nanotubular development process, offering a new perspective for the tuning of nanotube production. In this work, the anodizing behavior of a CP-Ti alloy in an ethylene glycol electrolyte was investigated in light of this new model. The final morphology of the nanotubes was characterized by SEM, considering the effects of electrolyte aging, the microstructure, the applied potential difference and time on the morphological development of nanotubes. Electrolyte aging was shown to lead to a decreased dissolution effect on the oxide. The applied potential difference was shown to lead to an increased dissolution effect and more rapid nanotube growth kinetics, while time resulted in extended dissolution. Moreover, the obtained results were analyzed considering a previous study focused on the anodizing behavior of the α- and β-phases of Ti6Al4V alloy. Overall, the tube morphology resembled that obtained for the Al-containing α-phase of the Ti6Al4V alloy, but the growth kinetics were considerably slower on CP-Ti. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials)
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15 pages, 4329 KiB  
Article
On Growth and Morphology of TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti6Al4V by Anodic Oxidation in Ethylene Glycol Electrolyte: Influence of Microstructure and Anodization Parameters
by Bruno Ribeiro, Ruben Offoiach, Ehsan Rahimi, Elisa Salatin, Maria Lekka and Lorenzo Fedrizzi
Materials 2021, 14(10), 2540; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102540 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2472
Abstract
Different studies demonstrated the possibility to produce TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) on Ti6Al4V alloy by electrochemical anodization. However, the anodizing behavior of α and β-phases in organic electrolytes is not yet clarified. This study reports on the anodizing behavior of the two phases [...] Read more.
Different studies demonstrated the possibility to produce TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) on Ti6Al4V alloy by electrochemical anodization. However, the anodizing behavior of α and β-phases in organic electrolytes is not yet clarified. This study reports on the anodizing behavior of the two phases in an ethylene glycol electrolyte using different applied potentials and anodizing times. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopies were used to highlight the anodic oxides differences in morphology. It was demonstrated that the initial compact oxide grew faster over the β-phase as the higher Al content of the α-phase caused its re-passivation, and the higher solubility of the V-rich oxide led to earlier pores formation over the β-phase. The trend was inverted once the pores formed over the compact oxide of the α-phase. The growth rate of the α-phase TNTs was higher than that of the β-phase ones, leading to the formation of long and well defined nanotubes with thin walls and a honeycomb tubular structure, while the ones grown over the β-phase were individual, shorter, and with thicker walls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials)
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Review

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12 pages, 1802 KiB  
Review
Advances in Material Nanosensitization: Refractive Property Changes as the Main Parameter to Indicate Organic Material Physical–Chemical Feature Improvements
by Natalia V. Kamanina
Materials 2022, 15(6), 2153; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062153 - 15 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1470
Abstract
In the current paper, the results of the sensitization process’ influence on the refractive organic materials’ features are shown. The correlation between the refractive properties and the intermolecular charge transfer effect of doped organic thin films are shown via estimation of the laser-induced [...] Read more.
In the current paper, the results of the sensitization process’ influence on the refractive organic materials’ features are shown. The correlation between the refractive properties and the intermolecular charge transfer effect of doped organic thin films are shown via estimation of the laser-induced change in the refractive index. The refractive parameter is shown for a model organics matrix based on a polyimide doped with fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxides, etc. A second harmonic of the Nd-laser was used to record the holographic gratings in the Raman–Nath diffraction conditions at different spatial frequencies. The laser-induced refractive index change was considered to be an indicator in order to estimate the basic organic materials’ physical–chemical characteristics. Additional data are presented for the liquid crystal cells doped with nanoparticles. The correlation between the content of the nanoobjects in the organics’ bodies and the contact angle at the thin film surfaces is shown. Some propose to use this effect for general optoelectronics, for the optical limiting process, and for display application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials)
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