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Investigations and Modelling of the Fracture Process in Metallic Materials (Second Volume)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanics of Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 3550

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics and Machine Desing, Department of Machine Design Fundamentals, Kielce University of Technology, Aleja Tysiaclecia Panstwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
Interests: fracture mechanics; experimental methods; numerical modeling; environment influence on materials state
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The current Special Issue will collect articles on the modern methods used in the analysis of the fracture process of metals and their alloys. The problem of accurate analysis of the cracking process is very important, and finding adequate solutions to it will allows us to understand the mechanisms of crack formation and development in structural elements made of metals. This, in turn, allows us to assess the strength of the elements at the design stage and after long-term service operation under high thermal influence, both in corrosive environments and with an active hydrogen. Analysis of the fracture process requires a comprehensive approach—conducting research using various methods aimed at achieving a common goal. Experimental research, specially when supplemented with metallographic tests of material microstructure and fractographic assessments of fracture surface, provides the information necessary to create numerical models. Calculations of mechanical field distributions, made during the simulation of the load of the tested specimens, allows us to determine the critical levels of stress and strain field characteristics—the stress triaxiality factor, the equivalent plastic strain, and the Lode factor. The comparison of the critical characteristics to those that occur in the tested elements will allow assessments of its current state and estimations of the remaining time of use. Nondestructive methods of testing—ultrasonic, acoustic emission, and others—also play an important role, allowing the identification of defects in structural elements and the tracking of their development during operation.

In this Special Issue, we welcome articles that comprehensively consider the problem of the cracking process of metal materials, as well as articles in which contemporary research methods for the individual stages of the fracture process are presented.

Prof. Dr. Ihor Dzioba
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fracture process
  • testing methods
  • numerical modeling
  • environment influence

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 7838 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Nickel-Based Superalloy MAR-M247
by Yue Wang, Jinshan He, Pinpin Hu, Chengbo Xiao and Xitao Wang
Materials 2024, 17(5), 982; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17050982 - 20 Feb 2024
Viewed by 760
Abstract
Heat treatment is an important process for optimizing the microstructures of superalloys, and the cooling rate after solid solution treatment is one of the most critical parameters. In this work, we treated solid solution MAR-M247 alloys with water quenching, air cooling, and furnace [...] Read more.
Heat treatment is an important process for optimizing the microstructures of superalloys, and the cooling rate after solid solution treatment is one of the most critical parameters. In this work, we treated solid solution MAR-M247 alloys with water quenching, air cooling, and furnace cooling. Microstructure characterization, hardness, and room temperature tensile tests were conducted to investigate the effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of MAR-M247 alloys. The results showed that the cooling rate after solid solution treatment mainly affected the precipitation behavior of the secondary γ′ phase, but it had few effects on other microstructure characterizations, including grain size, γ/γ′ eutectic, and MC carbide. The water-quenched sample had the highest cooling rate (400 °C/s) and hardness (400 HV) but suffered from premature fracture because of quenching cracks. A further decrease in cooling rate from 1.5 °C/s to 0.1 °C/s deteriorated hardness (384 HV to 364 HV) and yield strength (960 MPa to 771 MPa) but increased elongation (8.5% to 13.5%). Moreover, the deformation mechanism was transformed from dislocation shearing to Orowan bypassing. The decreased yield strength was mainly due to the weakened precipitation strengthening resulting from γ′-phase coarsening. The improved elongation was attributed to not only the higher work-hardening index caused by interface dislocation networks but also the more uniform deformation, which delayed necking. Full article
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16 pages, 16525 KiB  
Article
Specimen Size Effect on the Tensile Properties of Rolled Steel of Long-Term-Operated Portal Crane
by Olha Zvirko, Ihor Dzioba, Myroslava Hredil, Robert Pała, Oleksandr Oliynyk and Piotr Furmańczyk
Materials 2023, 16(8), 3017; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083017 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1286
Abstract
This paper presents the research results on the mechanical behavior of the low-carbon rolled steel of a sea portal crane after a 33-year operation depending on the operational stresses and rolling direction in order to assess its serviceability. The tensile properties of steels [...] Read more.
This paper presents the research results on the mechanical behavior of the low-carbon rolled steel of a sea portal crane after a 33-year operation depending on the operational stresses and rolling direction in order to assess its serviceability. The tensile properties of steels were investigated using rectangular cross-section specimens with different thicknesses and the same width. Strength indicators were slightly dependent on the considered factors (operational conditions, the cutting direction, and thickness of specimens). However, a clear trend of higher ultimate strength for thinner specimens was noticed, especially in the case of more brittle material due to its operational degradation. Plasticity of the tested steel specimens was more sensitive to the influence of the above-mentioned factors than strength but less sensitive than impact toughness. Uniform elongation was slightly less for thinner specimens regardless of the investigated steel state or the orientation of specimens relative to the rolling direction. The post-necking elongation was lower for transversal specimens compared with longitudinal ones, and the effect was more significant when testing steel with the lowest brittle fracture resistance. Among the tensile properties, non-uniform elongation was demonstrated to be the most effective for assessing the operational changes in the state of rolled steels. Full article
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Review

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30 pages, 6858 KiB  
Review
Voids Development in Metals: Numerical Modelling
by Wiktor Wciślik and Sebastian Lipiec
Materials 2023, 16(14), 4998; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144998 - 14 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1172
Abstract
The article is a continuation of two previous review papers on the fracture mechanism of structural metals through the nucleation, growth and coalescence of voids. In the present paper, the literature on the numerical modelling of void nucleation and development has been reviewed. [...] Read more.
The article is a continuation of two previous review papers on the fracture mechanism of structural metals through the nucleation, growth and coalescence of voids. In the present paper, the literature on the numerical modelling of void nucleation and development has been reviewed. The scope of the work does not include porous material models and their numerical implementation. As part of the discussion on void initiation, nucleation around second phase particles and nucleation as an effect of the discontinuity of the crystal structure were discussed separately. The basic void cell models, finite element method (FEM) models of periodically distributed particles/voids and models based on the results of the observations of the actual microstructure of materials have been characterised. Basic issues related to the application of the cohesive approach in void nucleation modelling have been considered. A separate issue is the characteristics of atomistic simulations and peridynamic modelling, which have been developed in recent years. Numerical approaches to modelling the growth and coalescence of voids are described, with particular emphasis on the influence of the stress state and strain localisation. Basic conclusions from the simulation are presented, pointing to the contribution of FEM modelling to the understanding of microstructural phenomena leading to ductile fracture. Full article
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