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Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials
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Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 14854

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Carlo Maria Carbonaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Interests: time-resolved photoluminescence; Raman spectroscopy; hybrid materials; carbon dots; drug delivery; lanthanides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is with great pleasure that I present this Special Issue of the journal Materials, which aims to illustrate how spectroscopy methods can make a significant difference in the study of materials. Spectroscopic methods and techniques play a key role in fundamental and applied studies, allowing information to be gathered regarding the properties and characteristics of materials to understand the physical laws that govern the observed phenomena, and to exploit those properties for technological applications and the development of new materials. In probing the material with electromagnetic radiation, one can investigate its elemental and chemical composition, atomic structure, the interactions among different atoms and groups, the order/disorder features of the system and its dynamics, and the electronic structure and properties from nano- to macroscale. The methods include, but are not limited to, optical absorption and emission spectroscopy (both stationary and time resolved), Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman and FTIR vibrational spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, energy loss, and cathodoluminescence spectroscopies up to theoretical spectroscopy, based on first principle density functional theory computations.

The goal of this issue is to bring the expertise and competences in different fields of science together—spanning from photonics to analytical chemistry, from cultural heritage to environment, from electronic and thermal transport to biology and biomedicine—to give readers an overview of the hot topics and the state of the art regarding the application of spectroscopy techniques to materials science.

Prof. Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • spectroscopy
  • materials science

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6529 KiB  
Article
Formation of Citrazinic Acid Ions and Their Contribution to Optical and Magnetic Features of Carbon Nanodots: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach
by Francesca Mocci, Chiara Olla, Antonio Cappai, Riccardo Corpino, Pier Carlo Ricci, Daniele Chiriu, Marcello Salis and Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Materials 2021, 14(4), 770; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14040770 - 06 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2303
Abstract
The molecular model is one of the most appealing to explain the peculiar optical properties of Carbon nanodots (CNDs) and was proven to be successful for the bottom up synthesis, where a few molecules were recognized. Among the others, citrazinic acid is relevant [...] Read more.
The molecular model is one of the most appealing to explain the peculiar optical properties of Carbon nanodots (CNDs) and was proven to be successful for the bottom up synthesis, where a few molecules were recognized. Among the others, citrazinic acid is relevant for the synthesis of citric acid-based CNDs. Here we report a combined experimental and computational approach to discuss the formation of different protonated and deprotonated species of citrazinic acid and their contribution to vibrational and magnetic spectra. By computing the free energy formation in water solution, we selected the most favoured species and we retrieved their presence in the experimental surface enhanced Raman spectra. As well, the chemical shifts are discussed in terms of tautomers and rotamers of most favoured species. The expected formation of protonated and de-protonated citrazinic acid ions under extreme pH conditions was proven by evaluating specific interactions with H2SO4 and NaOH molecules. The reported results confirm that the presence of citrazinic acid and its ionic forms should be considered in the interpretation of the spectroscopic features of CNDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials)
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16 pages, 2897 KiB  
Article
Micro- and Nanoscale Spectroscopic Investigations of Threonine Influence on the Corrosion Process of the Modified Fe Surface by Cu Nanoparticles
by Dominika Święch, Czesława Paluszkiewicz, Natalia Piergies, Ewa Pięta, Kamila Kollbek and Wojciech M. Kwiatek
Materials 2020, 13(20), 4482; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13204482 - 10 Oct 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1887
Abstract
The work presents a comprehensive vibrational analysis of the process of adsorption of threonine (Thr) onto an Fe surface with deposited Cu nanoparticles (NPs) (of about 4–5 nm in size) in a corrosive environment. The application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and surface-enhanced [...] Read more.
The work presents a comprehensive vibrational analysis of the process of adsorption of threonine (Thr) onto an Fe surface with deposited Cu nanoparticles (NPs) (of about 4–5 nm in size) in a corrosive environment. The application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA) provides the opportunity for detailed description of adsorption geometry of amino acid onto a metal surface. The combination of conventional infrared spectroscopy (IR) with atomic force microscopy (AFM) resulted in a nano-SEIRA technique which made it possible to provide a precise description of adsorbate binding to the metal surface. The studies presented confirmed that there is a very good correlation between the spectra recorded by the SERS, SEIRA, and nano-SEIRA techniques. Threonine significantly influenced the process of corrosion of the investigated surface due to the existing strong interaction between the protonated amine and carboxylate groups and the CuNPs deposited onto the Fe surface. In addition, the application of two polarization modulations (s and p) in nano-SEIRA allows subtle changes to be observed in the molecule geometry upon adsorption, with the carboxylate group of Thr being almost horizontally oriented onto the metal surface; whereas the amine group that contains nitrogen is oriented perpendicular to this surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials)
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10 pages, 2988 KiB  
Article
Fluorescence Spectroscopy Study of Protoporphyrin IX in Optical Tissue Simulating Liquid Phantoms
by Huihui Lu, Francesco Floris, Marc Rensing and Stefan Andersson-Engels
Materials 2020, 13(9), 2105; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092105 - 02 May 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3020
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy has been extensively investigated for disease diagnosis. In this framework, optical tissue phantoms are widely used for validating the biomedical device system in a laboratory environment outside of clinical procedures. Moreover, it is fundamental to consider that there are several scattering [...] Read more.
Fluorescence spectroscopy has been extensively investigated for disease diagnosis. In this framework, optical tissue phantoms are widely used for validating the biomedical device system in a laboratory environment outside of clinical procedures. Moreover, it is fundamental to consider that there are several scattering components and chromophores inside biological tissues and the interplay between scattering and absorption may result in a distortion of the emitted fluorescent signal. In this work, the photophysical behaviour of a set of liquid, tissue-like phantoms containing different compositions was analysed: phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was used as the background medium, low fat milk as a scatterer, Indian ink as an absorber and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) dissolved in dimethyl formamide (DMF) as a fluorophore. We examined the collected data in terms of the impact of surfactant Tween-20 on the background medium, scattering effects and combination of scattering and absorption within a luminescent body on PpIX. The results indicated that the intrinsic emission peaks are red shifted by the scattering particles or surfactant, whilst the scattering agent and the absorbent can alter the emission intensity substantially. We corroborated that phantoms containing higher surfactant content (>0.5% Tween 20) are essential to prepare stable aqueous phantoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials)
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Review

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29 pages, 5699 KiB  
Review
Application of Spectroscopy in Additive Manufacturing
by Jingjunjiao Long, Ashveen Nand and Sudip Ray
Materials 2021, 14(1), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010203 - 04 Jan 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4479
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly expanding material production technique that brings new opportunities in various fields as it enables fast and low-cost prototyping as well as easy customisation. However, it is still hindered by raw material selection, processing defects and final product [...] Read more.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly expanding material production technique that brings new opportunities in various fields as it enables fast and low-cost prototyping as well as easy customisation. However, it is still hindered by raw material selection, processing defects and final product assessment/adjustment in pre-, in- and post-processing stages. Spectroscopic techniques offer suitable inspection, diagnosis and product trouble-shooting at each stage of AM processing. This review outlines the limitations in AM processes and the prospective role of spectroscopy in addressing these challenges. An overview on the principles and applications of AM techniques is presented, followed by the principles of spectroscopic techniques involved in AM and their applications in assessing additively manufactured parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials)
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17 pages, 4912 KiB  
Review
Application of Raman Spectroscopy to Ancient Materials: Models and Results from Archaeometric Analyses
by Daniele Chiriu, Francesca Assunta Pisu, Pier Carlo Ricci and Carlo Maria Carbonaro
Materials 2020, 13(11), 2456; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112456 - 28 May 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2514
Abstract
Numerous experimental techniques of analysis find applications in many branches of the archaeometry. Among them, Raman spectroscopy carved out a niche in the field of diagnostic and conservation of cultural heritage. The exceptional ability to predict and discover the structural properties of materials [...] Read more.
Numerous experimental techniques of analysis find applications in many branches of the archaeometry. Among them, Raman spectroscopy carved out a niche in the field of diagnostic and conservation of cultural heritage. The exceptional ability to predict and discover the structural properties of materials set for Raman spectroscopy, an exclusive role among the analytic techniques, is further boosted when it is coupled with mathematical or statistical models able to deepen the studied phenomena. In this work, we present a review of recent studies where pairing Raman spectroscopy and mathematical models allowed achieving important results in the case of potteries, porcelains, ancient and modern paper, ancient jewelry, and pigment degradation. The potentialities of this approach are evidenced and analyzed in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Methods for Applied Sciences and Study of Materials)
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