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Research Progress of the Fatigue, Crack and Failure Mechanisms of Materials and Structures

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 1428

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
UNIDEMI, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Interests: biomechanics; mechanical characterisation of materials and structures; full-field optical methods in experimental mechanics; mechanical and fracture identification methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science & Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: fatigue; fracture; structural integrity; failure analysis; mechanical behaviour of materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the study of fatigue, crack formation, and failure mechanisms in various materials and structures. These developments have improved mechanical design, enhanced structural integrity, and enabled more accurate failure analysis. Understanding these failure mechanisms is crucial to ensure the safety and longevity of structures and to develop more reliable materials for a wide range of applications.

The exploration of failure mechanisms encompasses a diverse array of materials and structures, including metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, and biological tissues. The inclusion of biological tissues in the study of failure mechanisms is also essential, as it provides valuable insights for biomedical applications, prosthetics, and tissue engineering.

The failure mechanisms encountered in various materials and structures encompass a broad range of phenomena. These include fatigue, corrosion, creep, brittle fracture, material degradation, and other complex processes. Through extensive research and experimentation, scientists and engineers have gained a deeper understanding of these mechanisms, leading to the development of innovative materials and structures. For instance, the utilization of high-strength or high-entropy alloys has demonstrated improved mechanical resistance to different failure mechanisms. Additionally, the exploration of renewable and sustainable materials, such as wood, has provided alternative solutions with lower carbon footprints.

Advancements in additive manufacturing technologies have also presented new challenges related to failure mechanisms and structural integrity. The development and widespread industrial use of additive manufacturing have led to the need for comprehensive research into failure mechanisms in 3D-printed materials and structures. Understanding the behaviour of these materials under various loading conditions is crucial for ensuring their reliability and safety.

Furthermore, emerging fields, such as hydrogen energy, introduce unique failure mechanisms and structural integrity considerations. The production, storage, transportation, and utilization of hydrogen as a fuel for industrial processes, fuel cell vehicles, and hydrogen combustion engines require in-depth research to understand and mitigate potential failure modes.

In this Special Issue, we aim to explore the research progress made in understanding the fatigue, crack formation, and failure mechanisms of materials and structures. We invite researchers and practitioners from various disciplines to contribute their expertise and insights to further enhance our understanding in these areas. By incorporating diverse materials, such as biological tissues, and considering the challenges posed by additive manufacturing and emerging fields like hydrogen energy, we can pave the way for safer, more reliable, and sustainable materials and structures in the future.

Dr. José Xavier
Dr. Rui C. Martins
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fatigue
  • crack formation
  • failure mechanisms
  • mechanical design
  • structural integrity
  • additive manufacturing
  • biological tissues

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5680 KiB  
Article
Study of Fatigue Crack Initiation and the Propagation Mechanism Induced by Pores in a Powder Metallurgy Nickel-Based FGH96 Superalloy
by Shuang Yi, Shichao Zhang, Denghui Wang, Jianxing Mao, Zheng Zhang and Dianyin Hu
Materials 2024, 17(6), 1356; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17061356 - 15 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Thermally induced pores (TIPs) are generally the source of fatigue crack initiation in the powder metallurgy (PM) Ni-based FGH96 superalloy. The effect of TIPs on fatigue crack initiation on the surface of the FGH96 superalloy was detected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The [...] Read more.
Thermally induced pores (TIPs) are generally the source of fatigue crack initiation in the powder metallurgy (PM) Ni-based FGH96 superalloy. The effect of TIPs on fatigue crack initiation on the surface of the FGH96 superalloy was detected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cause of fatigue crack deflection was studied using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The results indicated that there are two states of TIPs including isolated TIPs and clustered TIPs located at the grain boundary. The investigation of crack initiation and propagation around TIPs was conducted in detail through the comprehensive integration of experimental findings and computational results. For cracks initiated by isolated TIPs, the maximum equivalent size and the ratio of the vertical–parallel axis to the loading direction of the TIPs reveal a linear relationship, and both of them determine crack initiation. Regarding clustered TIPs, the constituent pores of the clustered TIPs will compete to initiate cracks based on the experimental results, and the largest pore will be more likely to initiate cracking. Moreover, the results showed that fatigue crack propagation can be hindered by hard-orientation grains and twins with a low Schmid factor (SF). Large-angle crack deflection due to twins with a low SF can significantly increase crack length and resistance to crack propagation. Full article
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14 pages, 41365 KiB  
Article
Structural, Microstructural and Compositional Changes of the AISI 314 Steel Used in the Sintering Furnace Belt Depending on the Operating Time
by Călin-Virgiliu Prica, Niculina Argentina Sechel, Miklos Tamas, Traian Florin Marinca, Florin Popa and Nurulla Orayev
Materials 2023, 16(23), 7286; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16237286 - 23 Nov 2023
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Abstract
The damage due to embrittlement of the sintering furnace belt and its replacement after a certain time of use represents a problem for the manufacturers of sintered parts. Finding out the reason for the damage could help to increase the duration of its [...] Read more.
The damage due to embrittlement of the sintering furnace belt and its replacement after a certain time of use represents a problem for the manufacturers of sintered parts. Finding out the reason for the damage could help to increase the duration of its operation. This research aimed to investigate the causes of embrittlement, considering both the temperatures and atmosphere of the sintering furnace to which the furnace belt is exposed during its operation. The furnace belt was made of AISI 314 stainless steel. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction and the Vickers hardness tests were used to analyze the microstructural, structural, compositional and hardness changes of the belt used for 45 weeks. Cr and Mn carbides, the oxides of Fe, Cr, Mn and Si were found to form at the edge of the furnace belt. The grains grew after 45 weeks of use, approximately 10 times, due to thermal cycles in an endothermic gas atmosphere to which the belt was exposed. Also, the hardness increased from 226 to 338 HV0.05, due to the formation of carbide and oxide-type compounds. All these results represent a starting point in optimizing the lifetime of the sintering furnace belt. Full article
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