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Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments
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Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 22981

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Judit Telegdi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: corrosion inhibition; microbiologicallyinfluenced corrosion, nanolayers against corrosion and biofilms/biofouling; self-healing and slow-release microsphers/microcapsules
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is my pleasure to invite and welcome you to contribute to the Special Issue “Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environment”. The aim of this issue is to discuss the main challenges of all kind of materials and special coatings with respect to novel materials and areas of applications under extreme environments in order to improve efficiency in areas like transport, space, energy, communication, deep sea technologies, transport, etc. Coatings for extreme environments represent materials that modify the surface but do not change the bulk material properties and, at the same time, face severe combined chemical, wear, thermal, and mechanical loads.

From year to year, there is a significant development in the efficiency of operating systems where the environment is very hot or cold or corrosive and the materials are under high friction, radiation loading, and pressure. Special conditions require a different selection of bulk and coating substances. A limited number of materials are available for combined resistivity, e.g., for controlled thermal and mechanical as well as thermal and corrosive stability. With contributions from researchers of different specialties, this issue will explore the latest advances and challenges in materials and coatings applied under extreme environments and will demonstrate the development in functional coatings, the breakthrough and innovation in technologies as well as in methodologies to characterize novel materials. This Special Issue would like to invite leading academics, researchers, scientists, and engineers to share their research achievements in these fields.

The hot topics to be covered by this Special Issue will serve as a forum for publications in the following categories:

  • Scientific fundamentals for composite materials operating under extreme conditions; relationship between structures and properties; materials for extreme physical/chemical environment and irradiation conditions;
  • Advanced ceramic coatings used under extreme environments, principle of design; materials for low and ultra-low temperatures;
  • Thermal barrier coatings for the aerospace industry, materials for future aerospace programs; fireproof materials;
  • Self-lubricating hard/composite coatings for extreme environments;
  • Advanced coatings for corrosion protection in extreme environments; materials for extreme corrosive, acid, and alkali conditions;
  • Chameleon coatings to reduce friction and wear in extreme environments.

The papers could cover original research work and can review one of the aforementioned topics.

Prof. Dr. Judit Telegdi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coatings
  • extreme environment
  • high/low temperature
  • friction
  • wear
  • ceramic coatings
  • anticorrosion coatings
  • self-lubricant coatings

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4034 KiB  
Article
Scale Deposition Inhibiting Composites by HDPE/Silicified Acrylate Polymer/Nano-Silica for Landfill Leachate Piping
by Min Li, Rui Zhao, Sude Ma and Tianxue Yang
Materials 2020, 13(16), 3497; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13163497 - 07 Aug 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2392
Abstract
Scaling commonly occurs at pipe wall during landfill leachate collection and transportation, which may give rise to pipe rupture, thus posing harm to public health and environment. To prevent scaling, this study prepared a low surface energy nanocomposite by incorporating silicone-acrylate polymer and [...] Read more.
Scaling commonly occurs at pipe wall during landfill leachate collection and transportation, which may give rise to pipe rupture, thus posing harm to public health and environment. To prevent scaling, this study prepared a low surface energy nanocomposite by incorporating silicone-acrylate polymer and hydrophobically modified nano-SiO2 into the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) substrate. Through the characterization of contact angle, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry, the results showed that the prepared composite has low wettability and surface free energy, excellent thermal stability and acid-base resistance. In addition, the prepared composite was compared with the commercial HDPE pipe material regarding their performance on anti-scaling by using an immersion test that places their samples into a simulated landfill leachate. It was apparent that the prepared composite shows better scaling resistance. The study further expects to provide insight into pipe materials design and manufacture, thus to improve landfill leachate collection and transportation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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14 pages, 5195 KiB  
Article
Pitting Corrosion of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings
by Agnieszka Królikowska, Leszek Komorowski and Pier Luigi Bonora
Materials 2020, 13(9), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092031 - 26 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3488
Abstract
Lead (Pb) addition to hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) baths affects the physical characteristics of zinc coatings and is also useful to protect kettles. The influence of lead additions on both corrosion rate and morphology as well as on structure of zinc coating is less [...] Read more.
Lead (Pb) addition to hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) baths affects the physical characteristics of zinc coatings and is also useful to protect kettles. The influence of lead additions on both corrosion rate and morphology as well as on structure of zinc coating is less investigated. In this paper, three different additions, (Pb = 0.4–0.8–1.2 w/w) were chosen for three series of steel substrates, plus references without lead. The three steels chosen as substrates contained silicon (Si) = 0.18, 0.028, 0.225 w/w, respectively. The experimental part included both macro- and micro-electrochemical measurements, weight loss vs. time plots, Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOS) and SEM/EDX microanalysis of both surface and cross-section of samples. Lead concentration is responsible for evident bimetallic coupling in the surrounding of lead inclusion with consequent increased dissolution rate, chunk effect, and rougher surface morphology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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21 pages, 2580 KiB  
Article
Service Life and Early Age Durability Enhancement due to Combined Metakaolin and Nanosilica in Mortars for Marine Applications
by Ramiro García, Encarnación Reyes, Paula Villanueva, Miguel Ángel de la Rubia, Jaime Fernández and Amparo Moragues
Materials 2020, 13(5), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13051169 - 05 Mar 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1959 | Correction
Abstract
The addition of a range of micro- and nano-particles to high-performance concrete has been the focus of recent research. At present, studies are mainly aimed at designing customised mortars, providing them with specific properties for each application. Improving the durability of mortars is [...] Read more.
The addition of a range of micro- and nano-particles to high-performance concrete has been the focus of recent research. At present, studies are mainly aimed at designing customised mortars, providing them with specific properties for each application. Improving the durability of mortars is one of the main objectives in such research, as a result of increasing environmental concern. The research presented herein analyses the synergistic effect of nanosilica and metakaolin as additives on the service life of cement-based mortars subject to aggressive environments (i.e., chloride exposure) at early ages. The effects of the additives on the durability properties of submerged samples after two and three days of curing were analysed. Tests were conducted on several different properties: resistivity, porosity, mechanical properties, chloride diffusion, and service life. It is observed that metakaolin and nanosilica exhibit a synergistic effect as additives, which is related to porosity refinement and chloride ion binding capacity, which contributes to enhanced resistance against chloride penetration from very early ages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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14 pages, 5887 KiB  
Article
Characterization of PTFE Film on 316L Stainless Steel Deposited through Spin Coating and Its Anticorrosion Performance in Multi Acidic Mediums
by Waseem Akram, Amer Farhan Rafique, Nabeel Maqsood, Afzal Khan, Saeed Badshah and Rafi Ullah Khan
Materials 2020, 13(2), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020388 - 14 Jan 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4795
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was coated on 316L stainless steel (SS) substrate through a spin coating technique to enhance its corrosion resistance properties in hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3) medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the morphology of the coated and [...] Read more.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was coated on 316L stainless steel (SS) substrate through a spin coating technique to enhance its corrosion resistance properties in hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3) medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the morphology of the coated and uncoated substrates and showed a uniform and crack-free PTFE coating on 316L SS substrate, while a damaged surface with thick corrosive layers was observed after the electrochemical test on the uncoated sample. However, an increased concentration of HCl and HNO3 slightly affected the surface morphology by covering the corrosive pits. An atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the average surface roughness on 316L SS and PTFE coating was 26.3 nm and 24.1 nm, respectively. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used for the compositional analysis, which confirmed the presence of PTFE coating. The micro Vickers hardness test was used to estimate the hardness of 316L SS and PTFE-coated substrate, while the scratch test was used to study the adhesion properties of PTFE coating on 316L SS. The anticorrosion measurements of 316L SS and PTFE-coated substrates were made in various HCl and HNO3 solutions by using the electrochemical corrosion test. A comparison of the corrosion performance of PTFE-coated substrate with that of bare 316L SS substrate in HCl medium showed a protection efficiency (PE) of 96.7%, and in the case of HNO3 medium, the PE was 99.02%, by slightly shifting the corrosion potential of the coated sample towards the anodic direction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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17 pages, 3158 KiB  
Article
The Photocatalytic Degradation of Vehicle Exhausts by an Fe/N/Co–TiO2 Waterborne Coating under Visible Light
by Huiyun Xia, Guanyu Liu, Rui Zhang, Lifang Song and Huaxin Chen
Materials 2019, 12(20), 3378; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203378 - 16 Oct 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2549
Abstract
Based on the three-dimensional network structure of a polymer and the principle of photocatalysts, a visible-light-responsive and durable photocatalytic coating for the degradation of vehicle exhaust (VE) has been constructed using a waterborne acrylic acid emulsion as the coating substrate; Fe/N/Co–TiO2 nanoparticles [...] Read more.
Based on the three-dimensional network structure of a polymer and the principle of photocatalysts, a visible-light-responsive and durable photocatalytic coating for the degradation of vehicle exhaust (VE) has been constructed using a waterborne acrylic acid emulsion as the coating substrate; Fe/N/Co–TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as photocatalytic components; and water, pigments, and fillers as additives. The visible-light-responsive Fe/N/Co–TiO2 NPs with an average size of 100 nm were prepared by sol-gel method firstly. The co-doping of three elements extended the absorption range of the modified TiO2 nanoparticles to the visible light region, and showed the highest light absorption intensity, which was confirmed by the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra (UV-Vis). X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements showed that element doping prevents the transition from anatase to rutile and increases the transition temperature. TiO2 was successfully doped due to the reduction of the chemical binding energy of Ti, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The degradation rates of NOX, CO, and CO2 in VE by Fe/N/Co–TiO2 NPs under visible light were 71.43%, 23.79%, and 21.09%, respectively. In contrast, under the same conditions, the degradation efficiencies of coating for VE decreased slightly. Moreover, the elementary properties of the coating, including pencil hardness, adhesive strength, water resistance, salt, and alkali resistance met the code requirement. The photocatalytic coating exhibited favorable reusability and durability, as shown by the reusability and exposure test. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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11 pages, 19736 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Post Weld Heat Treatment Precipitation on Duplex Stainless Steels Weld Overlay towards Pitting Corrosion
by Bernard-Maxmillan Sim, Tang-Sai Hong, Mohamed Arif-Azmah Hanim, Edwin-Jong Nyon Tchan and Mahesh-Kumar Talari
Materials 2019, 12(20), 3285; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203285 - 10 Oct 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2897
Abstract
Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are complex materials and they have been widely used in the marine environment and gas industries, primarily offering a better resistance of pitting corrosion and good mechanical properties. In the present work, the effects of heat treatment on duplex [...] Read more.
Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are complex materials and they have been widely used in the marine environment and gas industries, primarily offering a better resistance of pitting corrosion and good mechanical properties. In the present work, the effects of heat treatment on duplex stainless steel (DSS) weld overlay samples that were heat treated at three different temperatures, namely 350 °C, 650 °C, and 1050 °C, and followed by air cooling and water quenching were studied. Stress relief temperature at 650 °C had induced sigma phase precipitation in between delta ferrite and austenite (δ/γ) grain boundaries, resulting in the loss of corrosion resistance in the weld metal. Interestingly, post weld heat treatment (PWHT) test samples that were reheated to solution annealing temperature had shown no weight loss. The ferrite count determination in the region of weld metal overlay increased at hydrogen relief and decreased at stress relief temperatures due to slow cooling, which is more favorable to austenite formation. The amount of ferrite in the weld metals was significantly reduced with the increment of solution anneal temperature to 1050 °C because of sufficient time for the formation of austenite and giving optimum equilibrium fraction in the welds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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13 pages, 2248 KiB  
Article
Effect of Ultraviolet–Ozone Treatment on the Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide Sol-Gel Film
by Ji-Hyeon Kim, Junfei Ma, Seunghun Lee, Sungjin Jo and Chang Su Kim
Materials 2019, 12(15), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12152422 - 29 Jul 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4145
Abstract
To combat infectious diseases, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been identified as an effective antibacterial agent; however, its performance can be adversely affected by harsh application environments. The ozone impact on ZnO antibacterial film needs to be evaluated prior to its application in an [...] Read more.
To combat infectious diseases, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been identified as an effective antibacterial agent; however, its performance can be adversely affected by harsh application environments. The ozone impact on ZnO antibacterial film needs to be evaluated prior to its application in an ozone disinfection system. In this study, ZnO films synthesized via sol-gel/spin-coating were subjected to ultraviolet–ozone (UVO) treatment for different periods. Surface investigations using scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the treatment-induced film changes. With longer UVO treatment, the surface porosity of the film gradually increased from 5% to 30%, causing the transmittance reduction and absorbance increase in visible-light range. Phase transformation of Zn(OH)2 to ZnO occurred during the first 10 min of UVO treatment, followed by oxygen uptake as a consequence of the reaction with reactive oxygen species generated during UVO treatment. However, despite these surface changes, the satisfactory antibacterial activity of the synthesized ZnO film against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was sustained even after 120 min of UVO treatment. This indicates that the UVO-induced surface changes do not have a significant effect on the antibacterial performance and that the ZnO sol-gel film possesses good functional durability in ozone environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Coatings for Extreme Environments)
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