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Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties
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Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 4153

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Karol Strzałkowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: mixed crystals; crystal growth; physical properties; thermal properties and characterization; thermal wave methods; materials engineering; photoluminescence; photopyroelectric spectroscopy; infrared thermography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to publish the latest academic work on the characterization and design of semiconducting materials in the field of heat transfer. These materials are finding applications in many areas, including security, industrial process monitoring, medicine, basic science, astronomy, energy production, and more. Thermal parameters can explain the mechanism of thermal energy dissipation via these materials and structure modification. The contact and non-contact methods can directly measure heat oscillations, allowing for thermal characterization. The crystal's quality is a critical property of the material used in many applications and significantly impacts the prospective detector's sensitivity and effectiveness. The performance of room-temperature detectors based on compound semiconductors is mainly limited by crystal imperfections, including micro-defects such as small clusters of lattice defects, precipitates, and clustered doping non-uniformities. Therefore, the lattice disorder needs to be defined. Growing and designing new materials usually requires mixing or/and introducing some dopants into the crystal host structure. The substitution of the native element with a foreign atom within the crystal always leads to undesired effects, such as disordered structure, defects generation, etc. However, the nature of these phenomena is sometimes ambiguous.

The Issue aims to improve understanding around the fundamental physics and chemistry of these materials, as well as growth and design processes. The areas of interest include material growth, design and characterization, material engineering, intrinsic and extrinsic defects, dopants, mixing, disorder effects, surface chemistry, fabrication processes, thermal and electrical properties, modeling, charge transport, optical properties, electro-optical and magneto-optical properties, as well as interactions among all of these.

Dr. Karol Strzałkowski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crystal growth and design
  • mixed alloys
  • physical properties
  • thermal characterization
  • thermal conductivity
  • thermal wave methods
  • materials engineering
  • defects and dopants
  • fabrication processes
  • disorder effects

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3758 KiB  
Article
Non-Contact and Self-Calibrated Photopyroelectric Method for Complete Thermal Characterization of Porous Materials
by Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Carmen Tripon, Robert Gutt, Alexandra Farcas, Marcel Bojan, Dorota Korte, Irina Kacso, Mladen Franko and Dorin Dadarlat
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5242; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155242 - 26 Jul 2023
Viewed by 584
Abstract
A general theory of a photopyroelectric (PPE) configuration, based on an opaque sample and transparent pyroelectric sensor, backing and coupling fluids is developed. A combined back-front detection investigation, based on a frequency scan of the phase of the PPE signals, followed by a [...] Read more.
A general theory of a photopyroelectric (PPE) configuration, based on an opaque sample and transparent pyroelectric sensor, backing and coupling fluids is developed. A combined back-front detection investigation, based on a frequency scan of the phase of the PPE signals, followed by a self-normalization of the phases’ behavior, leads to the possibility of simultaneously measuring both thermal effusivity and diffusivity of a solid sample. A particular case of this configuration, with no coupling fluid at the sample/backing interface and air instead of coupling fluid at the sample/sensor interface (non-contact method) is suitable for simultaneous measurement ofboth thermal diffusivity and effusivity (in fact complete thermal characterization) of porous solids. Compared with the already proposed configurations for investigations of porous materials, this novel configuration makes use of a fitting procedure with only one fitting parameter, in order to guarantee the uniqueness of the solution. The porous solids belong to a class of materials which are by far not easy to be investigated using PPE. To the best of our knowledge, porous materials represent the only type of compounds, belonging to condensed matter, which were not taken into consideration (until recently) as potential samples for PPE calorimetric investigations. Consequently, the method proposed in this paper complete the area of applications of the PPE method. Applications on some porous building materials and cellulose-based samples validate the theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties)
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13 pages, 4713 KiB  
Article
Alloy Disordering Effects on the Thermal Conductivity and Energy Gap Temperature Dependence of Cd1−xZnxSe Ternary Crystals Grown by the Bridgman Method
by Karol Strzałkowski, Ali Abouais, Amine Alaoui-Belghiti, Diksha Singh and Abdelowahed Hajjaji
Materials 2023, 16(11), 3945; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113945 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 850
Abstract
Investigated in this work, Cd1−xZnxSe-mixed ternary compounds were grown by the Bridgman method. Several compounds with zinc content varying in the range 0 < x < 1 were produced between two binary parents, CdSe and ZnSe crystals. Using the [...] Read more.
Investigated in this work, Cd1−xZnxSe-mixed ternary compounds were grown by the Bridgman method. Several compounds with zinc content varying in the range 0 < x < 1 were produced between two binary parents, CdSe and ZnSe crystals. Using the SEM/EDS technique, the accurate composition of formed crystals was determined along the growth axis. Thanks to that, the grown crystals’ axial and radial uniformity were determined. Characterization of the optical and thermal properties was undertaken. The energy gap was measured using photoluminescence spectroscopy for different compositions and temperatures. The bowing parameter describing the behavior of the fundamental gap with composition for this compound was found to be 0.416 ± 0.06. The thermal characteristics of grown Cd1−xZnxSe alloys were systematically studied. The thermal diffusivity and effusivity of the crystals under investigation were experimentally determined, allowing the calculation of the thermal conductivity. We applied the semi-empirical model that Sadao Adachi developed to analyze the results. Thanks to that, it was possible to estimate the contribution arising from chemical disorder to the crystal’s total resistivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties)
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12 pages, 3844 KiB  
Article
Improved Photopyroelectric (PPE) Configuration for Thermal Effusivity Investigations of Porous Solids
by Carmen Tripon, Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Nicoleta Cobirzan, Dorota Korte, Robert Gutt, Marcel Bojan, Mladen Franko and Dorin Dadarlat
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2880; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072880 - 04 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1099
Abstract
A new photopyroelectric detection configuration is proposed in order to measure the thermal effusivity of porous solids. Compared with the previously reported detection scheme this configuration makes use of a transparent window in front of the pyroelectric sensor. In such a way, the [...] Read more.
A new photopyroelectric detection configuration is proposed in order to measure the thermal effusivity of porous solids. Compared with the previously reported detection scheme this configuration makes use of a transparent window in front of the pyroelectric sensor. In such a way, the heat losses by convection at the sensor’s irradiated surface are eliminated, and consequently, the conduction remains the only process responsible for the heat propagation in the whole detection cell. In the paper, the mathematical model for this new configuration is developed, with the main conclusion that the sample’s thermal effusivity can be finally obtained via a fitting procedure with only two fitting parameters (instead of three as previously reported); in such a way, the possible degeneracy of the results is eliminated. The suitability of the method is demonstrated with application on some porous building materials and cellulose-based pressed powders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties)
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12 pages, 4370 KiB  
Article
Reflecting the Quality Degradation of Engine Oil by the Thermal Diffusivity: Radiative and Nonradiative Analyses
by Vijayakumar Gokul, Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Dorota Korte and Sankaranarayana Iyer Sankararaman
Materials 2023, 16(2), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020773 - 12 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1115
Abstract
Ageing of engine oil is an important issue determining the engine life and performance. The present work attempts to delineate the ageing-induced changes in engine oil through the mode-mismatched dual-beam thermal lens (MMDBTL) technique and other conventional spectroscopic techniques. For the analyses, engine [...] Read more.
Ageing of engine oil is an important issue determining the engine life and performance. The present work attempts to delineate the ageing-induced changes in engine oil through the mode-mismatched dual-beam thermal lens (MMDBTL) technique and other conventional spectroscopic techniques. For the analyses, engine oil samples were collected after every 200 km of runtime. As the thermal diffusivity is related to the nonradiative deexcitation upon optical absorption, comprehensive radiative and nonradiative analyses were carried out. The Ultraviolet-Visible, Fourier transform infrared, and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses point to the structural modification as a result of the breaking of the long-chain hydrocarbons into ketones, aldehydes, esters, and other compounds. This modifies the absorption pattern, which can also be understood from the nonlinear refractive index study using the Z-scan technique. The compositional variations associated with the degradation upon ageing, the length of the hydrocarbon chain, and the formation of newer molecules account for the enhancement of the thermal diffusivity revealed through the MMBDTL techniques. The complementary nature of the radiative and nonradiative emission is understood from the fluorescence study. Thus, the study reveals the possibility of thermal diffusivity measurement as an effective tool for the quality monitoring of engine oil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallographic Design of Material Thermal Properties)
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