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Materials Formed under Extreme Conditions in Additive Manufacturing: Creation of Materials by Super-Thermal Field

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 3370

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yuichiro Koizumi

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1. Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan
2. Anisotropic Design & Additive Manufacturing Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 565-0871 Suita, Japan
Interests: additive manufacturing; microstructure; structural materials; 4D printing; computer simulation; materials processing; strength of materials

Prof. Dr. Takayoshi Nakano

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Distinguished Professor in Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Interests: additive manufacturing; matal 3d printing; biomaterials; bone substitute; crystallographic texture; deformation mechanism; regenerative medicine; biomimetic materials; implantology
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Prof. Dr. Yoshitaka Adachi

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Department of Materials Design Innovation Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Interests: materials informatics; advanced steels

Prof. Dr. Kouhei Morishita

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Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Interests: composites; crystal growth; melting; solidification

Dr. Kazuhisa Sato

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Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan
Interests: materials science; electron microscopy; structural physics; microstructure characterization; thin film processing

Dr. Toda Yoshiaki

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Research Center for Structural Materials, High Temperature Materials Design Group, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
Interests: precipitation strengthening; creep strength; microstructure; heat-resistant steel

Prof. Dr. Takuya Ishimoto

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Aluminium Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
Interests: nanotechnology; materials; structural and functional materials; titanium; biomaterials; additive manufacturing

Dr. Teiichi Kimura

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Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya, Japan
Interests: ceramics; laser CVD; microstructure control; thermoelectric materials; sputtering; ultra-high-speed synthesis; intermetallic compounds; seebeck coefficient; zirconia

Prof. Dr. Albert C. To

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Interests: mechanics of 3D printed/ additive manufactured materials; multiscale mechanics theory and methods; mechanics of nano- and bio- materials; nonequilibrium thermomechanical processes; wave propagation and dynamic fracture; inverse problems and acoustic emission

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a process that creates materials with unique microstructures and properties under extreme conditions such as high cooling rates, temperature gradients, and solidification rates. These conditions affect various materials such as metals, alloys, and advanced materials. However, the characteristics of these materials depend on their physical properties and the process conditions. Therefore, there have been various attempts to control the microstructure in AM by applying specially designed processes and optimizing the parameters. This Special Issue aims to present the latest research on materials with unique microstructures and properties formed under extreme conditions in AM. It will cover topics such as:

Formation mechanisms and the characterization of microstructures in AM;
Effects of residual stress and compositional modulation on materials’ properties in AM;
Methods and techniques to control and optimize the microstructure in AM;
Applications and challenges of materials formed under extreme conditions in AM;
Anisotropy of highly oriented materials’ properties of materials’ crystal growth under extreme condition in PBF;
The creation of new materials by utilizing a large temperature gradient and rapid solidification;
Influences of thermal stress on materials’ properties fabricated in additive manufacturing, and their mitigation;
Experimental studies, computational modeling, and data-driven studies relevant to the above-mentioned phenomena.

This special issue was organized by the Organizing Committee of the international conference "Creation of Materials by Super-Thermal Field (CMSTF) 2023," which will be held in Osaka from November 15 to 17, 2023. Submissions are encouraged in conjunction with participation in the conference, but we welcome submissions regardless of whether you are able to attend.” For more detail about the conference, please visit the website of the conference at https://www-mat.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp/CMSTF2023/

Prof. Dr. Yuichiro Koizumi
Prof. Dr. Takayoshi Nakano
Prof. Dr. Yoshitaka Adachi
Prof. Dr. Kouhei Morishita
Dr. Kazuhisa Sato
Dr. Toda Yoshiaki
Prof. Dr. Takuya Ishimoto
Dr. Teiichi Kimura
Prof. Dr. Albert C. To
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

additive manufacturing
microstructure control
biomaterials
high-temperature structural materials
data science
computer simulation
materials processing
solidification
crystal growth
texture
solute segregation
phase transformation
thermal stress
melting
dislocation
4D printing

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 7302 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Delineating the Ultra-Low Misorientation between the Dislocation Cellular Structures in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel

by Fei Sun, Yoshitaka Adachi, Kazuhisa Sato, Takuya Ishimoto, Takayoshi Nakano and Yuichiro Koizumi

Materials 2024, 17(8), 1851; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17081851 - 17 Apr 2024

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Abstract

Sub-micro dislocation cellular structures formed during rapid solidification break the strength–ductility trade-off in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed 316L stainless steel through high-density dislocations and segregated elements or precipitates at the cellular boundaries. The high-density dislocation entangled at the cellular boundary accommodates solidification strains among the cellular structures and cooling stresses through elastoplastic deformation. Columnar grains with cellular structures typically form along the direction of thermal flux. However, the ultra-low misorientations between the adjacent cellular structures and their interactions with the cellular boundary formation remain unclear. In this study, we revealed the ultra-low misorientations between the cellular structures in LPBF-processed 316L stainless steel using conventional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The conventional EBSD and TKD analysis results could provide misorientation angles smaller than 2°, while the resolution mainly depends on the specimen quality and scanning step size, and so on. A TEM technique with higher spatial resolution provides accurate information between adjacent dislocation cells with misorientation angles smaller than 1°. This study presents evidence that the TEM method is the better and more precise analytical method for the misorientation measurement of the cellular structures and provides insights into measuring the small misorientation angles between adjacent dislocation cells and nanograins in nanostructured metals and alloys with ultrafine-grained microstructures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Formed under Extreme Conditions in Additive Manufacturing: Creation of Materials by Super-Thermal Field)

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15 pages, 4198 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Persistent Homology Analysis of the Microstructure of Laser-Powder-Bed-Fused Al–12Si Alloy

by Asuka Suzuki, Yusuke Sasa, Makoto Kobashi, Masaki Kato, Masahito Segawa, Yusuke Shimono and Sukeharu Nomoto

Materials 2023, 16(22), 7228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16227228 - 18 Nov 2023

Viewed by 958

Abstract

The laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process provides the cellular microstructure (primary α phase surrounded by a eutectic Si network) inside hypo-eutectic Al–Si alloys. The microstructure changes to the particle-dispersed microstructure with heat treatments at around 500 °C. The microstructural change leads to a significant reduction in the tensile strength. However, the microstructural descriptors representing the cellular and particle-dispersed microstructures have not been established, resulting in difficulty in terms of discussion regarding the structure–property relationship. In this study, an attempt was made to analyze the microstructure in L-PBF-built and subsequently heat-treated Al–12Si (mass%) alloys using the persistent homology, which can analyze the spatial distributions and connections of secondary phases. The zero-dimensional persistent homology revealed that the spacing between adjacent Si particles was independent of Si particle size in the as-built alloy, whereas fewer Si particles existed near large Si particles in the heat-treated alloy. Furthermore, the first principal component of a one-dimensional persistent homology diagram would represent the microstructural characteristics from cellular to particle-dispersed morphology. These microstructural descriptors were strongly correlated with the tensile and yield strengths. This study provides a new insight into the microstructural indices describing unique microstructures in L-PBF-built alloys. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Formed under Extreme Conditions in Additive Manufacturing: Creation of Materials by Super-Thermal Field)

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15 pages, 7894 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fusion of Ni Plating on CP-Titanium by Electron Beam Single-Track Scanning: Toward a New Approach for Fabricating TiNi Self-Healing Shape Memory Coating

by Lei Wang, Masayuki Okugawa, Hirokazu Konishi, Yuheng Liu, Yuichiro Koizumi and Takayoshi Nakano

Materials 2023, 16(15), 5449; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155449 - 03 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1308

Abstract

The limited wear resistance of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) hinders its use in abrasive and erosive environments, despite its good strength–weight ratio and corrosion resistance. This paper reports the first study proposing a novel method for wear-resistant TiNi coating through Ni plating and electron beam (EB) irradiation in an in situ synthetic approach. Single-track melting experiments were conducted using the EB to investigate the feasibility of forming a TiNi phase by fusing the Ni plate with the CP-Ti substrate. Varying beam powers were employed at a fixed scanning speed to determine the optimal conditions for TiNi phase formation. The concentration of the melt region was found to be approximate as estimated from the ratio of the Ni-plate thickness to the depth of the melt region, and the region with Ni-48.7 at.% Ti was successfully formed by EB irradiation. The study suggests that the mixing of Ti atoms and Ni atoms was facilitated by fluid flow induced by Marangoni and thermal convections. It is proposed that a more uniform TiNi layer can be achieved through multi-track melting under appropriate conditions. This research demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing EB additive manufacturing as a coating method and the potential for developing TiNi coatings with shape memory effects and pseudoelasticity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials Formed under Extreme Conditions in Additive Manufacturing: Creation of Materials by Super-Thermal Field)

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