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Marine Drugs
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Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products
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Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biotechnology Related to Drug Discovery or Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 6170

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cecilia Faraloni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of BioEconomy, IBE, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
Interests: carotenoids; polyphenols; antioxidants; microalgae; plants; photosynthesis
Dr. Eleftherios Touloupakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
Interests: microalgae; photosynthesis; photobioreactor; fluorescence; immobilisation; photofermentation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interest in the employment of High-Value Products from natural sources for application in human health, the food and cosmetics industry, and animal feed has increased significantly as consumers opt for natural ingredients and show concerns about the toxic effects of synthetic compounds.

Photosynthetic organisms have evolved different strategies to survive under complex and extreme environmental conditions (high light, high salinity, extreme temperature, nutrient deficiency, UV- radiation) by adapting their metabolism. 

Various species of algae are capable of producing a large amount of secondary metabolites such as carotenoids, polyphenols and essential oils, which have a wide range of therapeutic properties, due to their antioxidant activity. This peculiarity may depend mainly on the species, strains, genetic diversity and/or abiotic stress. For this reason, numerous studies have been carried out to increase knowledge in this field and to optimize the recovery of natural antioxidant compounds under different growing conditions and with different stress factors. This Special Issue focuses on promoting algae capable of producing High-Value Products, as well as cultivation technologies, strategies and growth conditions that will lead to the popularization of these compounds; techniques for the extraction and purification of these compounds and their potential applications will also be explored.

Dr. Cecilia Faraloni
Dr. Eleftherios Touloupakis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • algae
  • photosynthesis
  • antioxidant
  • stress
  • carotenoids
  • polyphenols
  • physiology
  • high-value
  • photobioreactor
  • biotechnology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4695 KiB  
Article
Maximizing Polysaccharides and Phycoerythrin in Porphyridium purpureum via the Addition of Exogenous Compounds: A Response-Surface-Methodology Approach
by Sanjiong Yi, Ai-Hua Zhang, Jianke Huang, Ting Yao, Bo Feng, Xinghu Zhou, Yadong Hu and Mingxuan Pan
Mar. Drugs 2024, 22(3), 138; https://doi.org/10.3390/md22030138 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 783
Abstract
Phycoerythrin and polysaccharides have significant commercial value in medicine, cosmetics, and food industries due to their excellent bioactive functions. To maximize the production of biomass, phycoerythrin, and polysaccharides in Porphyridium purpureum, culture media were supplemented with calcium gluconate (CG), magnesium gluconate (MG) [...] Read more.
Phycoerythrin and polysaccharides have significant commercial value in medicine, cosmetics, and food industries due to their excellent bioactive functions. To maximize the production of biomass, phycoerythrin, and polysaccharides in Porphyridium purpureum, culture media were supplemented with calcium gluconate (CG), magnesium gluconate (MG) and polypeptides (BT), and their optimal amounts were determined using the response surface methodology (RSM) based on three single-factor experiments. The optimal concentrations of CG, MG, and BT were determined to be 4, 12, and 2 g L−1, respectively. The RSM-based models indicated that biomass and phycoerythrin production were significantly affected only by MG and BT, respectively. However, polysaccharide production was significantly affected by the interactions between CG and BT and those between MG and BT, with no significant effect from BT alone. Using the optimized culture conditions, the maximum biomass (5.97 g L−1), phycoerythrin (102.95 mg L−1), and polysaccharide (1.42 g L−1) concentrations met and even surpassed the model-predicted maximums. After optimization, biomass, phycoerythrin, and polysaccharides concentrations increased by 132.3%, 27.97%, and 136.67%, respectively, compared to the control. Overall, this study establishes a strong foundation for the highly efficient production of phycoerythrin and polysaccharides using P. purpureum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products)
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10 pages, 5717 KiB  
Article
Effect of Iron Concentration on the Co-Production of Fucoxanthin and Fatty Acids in Conticribra weissflogii
by Ke Peng, David Kwame Amenorfenyo, Xiangyu Rui, Xianghu Huang, Changling Li and Feng Li
Mar. Drugs 2024, 22(3), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/md22030106 - 24 Feb 2024
Viewed by 976
Abstract
The production of fucoxanthin and fatty acids in Conticribra weissflogii has been examined, but there is still a lack of understanding regarding the impact of trace elements, including iron, on their co-production. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the effects of [...] Read more.
The production of fucoxanthin and fatty acids in Conticribra weissflogii has been examined, but there is still a lack of understanding regarding the impact of trace elements, including iron, on their co-production. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the effects of FeCl3·6H2O on the growth, fucoxanthin, and fatty acids of C. weissflogii. The findings revealed that the highest cell density (1.9 × 106 cells mL−1), cell dry weight (0.89 ± 0.15 g L−1), and total fatty acid concentration (83,318.13 µg g−1) were achieved at an iron concentration of 15.75 mg L−1, while the maximum carotenoid and fucoxanthin contents were obtained at an iron concentration of 3.15 mg L−1. The study demonstrated that the content of the active substance in C. weissflogii could be increased by adjusting the iron concentration, providing new information as to the more efficient co-production of fucoxanthin and fatty acids and offering experimental support for large-scale production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products)
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19 pages, 2746 KiB  
Article
Description and Characterization of the Odontella aurita OAOSH22, a Marine Diatom Rich in Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Fucoxanthin, Isolated from Osan Harbor, Korea
by Sung Min An, Kichul Cho, Eun Song Kim, Hyunji Ki, Grace Choi and Nam Seon Kang
Mar. Drugs 2023, 21(11), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/md21110563 - 27 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1891
Abstract
Third-generation biomass production utilizing microalgae exhibits sustainable and environmentally friendly attributes, along with significant potential as a source of physiologically active compounds. However, the process of screening and localizing strains that are capable of producing high-value-added substances necessitates a significant amount of effort. [...] Read more.
Third-generation biomass production utilizing microalgae exhibits sustainable and environmentally friendly attributes, along with significant potential as a source of physiologically active compounds. However, the process of screening and localizing strains that are capable of producing high-value-added substances necessitates a significant amount of effort. In the present study, we have successfully isolated the indigenous marine diatom Odontella aurita OAOSH22 from the east coast of Korea. Afterwards, comprehensive analysis was conducted on its morphological, molecular, and biochemical characteristics. In addition, a series of experiments was conducted to analyze the effects of various environmental factors that should be considered during cultivation, such as water temperature, salinity, irradiance, and nutrients (particularly nitrate, silicate, phosphate, and iron). The morphological characteristics of the isolate were observed using optical and electron microscopes, and it exhibited features typical of O. aurita. Additionally, the molecular phylogenetic inference derived from the sequence of the small-subunit 18S rDNA confirmed the classification of the microalgal strain as O. aurita. This isolate has been confirmed to contain 7.1 mg g−1 dry cell weight (DCW) of fucoxanthin, a powerful antioxidant substance. In addition, this isolate contains 11.1 mg g−1 DCW of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is one of the nutritionally essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, this indigenous isolate exhibits significant potential as a valuable source of bioactive substances for various bio-industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products)
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15 pages, 2360 KiB  
Article
Scenedesmus rubescens Heterotrophic Production Strategies for Added Value Biomass
by Gonçalo Espírito Santo, Ana Barros, Margarida Costa, Hugo Pereira, Mafalda Trovão, Helena Cardoso, Bernardo Carvalho, Maria Soares, Nádia Correia, Joana T. Silva, Marília Mateus and Joana L. Silva
Mar. Drugs 2023, 21(7), 411; https://doi.org/10.3390/md21070411 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1924
Abstract
Microalgae attract interest worldwide due to their potential for several applications. Scenedesmus is one of the first in vitro cultured algae due to their rapid growth and handling easiness. Within this genus, cells exhibit a highly resistant wall and propagate both auto- and [...] Read more.
Microalgae attract interest worldwide due to their potential for several applications. Scenedesmus is one of the first in vitro cultured algae due to their rapid growth and handling easiness. Within this genus, cells exhibit a highly resistant wall and propagate both auto- and heterotrophically. The main goal of the present work is to find scalable ways to produce a highly concentrated biomass of Scenedesmus rubescens in heterotrophic conditions. Scenedesmus rubescens growth was improved at the lab-scale by 3.2-fold (from 4.1 to 13 g/L of dry weight) through medium optimization by response surface methodology. Afterwards, scale-up was evaluated in 7 L stirred-tank reactor under fed-batch operation. Then, the optimized medium resulted in an overall productivity of 8.63 g/L/day and a maximum biomass concentration of 69.5 g/L. S. rubescens protein content achieved approximately 31% of dry weight, similar to the protein content of Chlorella vulgaris in heterotrophy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algal Cultivation for Obtaining High-Value Products)
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