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Lubricants
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Friction and Wear of Alloys
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Friction and Wear of Alloys

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 5009

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chenbing Ni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: surface engineering; advanced manufacturing
Prof. Dr. Youqiang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: tribology; surface engineering; surface texture
Prof. Dr. Ping Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Interests: surface engineering; advanced manufacturing
Dr. Kai An

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: surface technology; functional coating

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The friction and wear of alloys often manifests in gears, bearings, guide rails, pistons, cutting tools, etc. Improving the friction and wear behavior of alloys is essential to improving the reliability of mechanical components, reducing energy consumption, and promoting sustainable development. Currently, the friction and wear behaviors of alloys in engineering applications are receiving more and more attention. Some advanced surface treatment technologies, such as surface modification technology, surface alloying technology, surface coating technology, and surface texture technology, are being used to improve the friction and wear properties of alloys. Moreover, changes in lubrication conditions, such as nanoparticle lubrication, magnetic fluid lubrication, etc., are also being used to improve the tribological properties of alloys. The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest research on the friction and wear properties of alloys. Possible topics of interest for this Special Issue may include, but are not limited to, advanced testing and characterization methods for the tribological properties of alloys, in-depth wear mechanism analysis of alloys, advanced methods for improving the tribological properties of alloys, frictional properties of alloys under different lubrication conditions, modeling the frictional properties and wear processes of alloys, etc. We welcome both original research papers and review articles.

Dr. Chenbing Ni
Prof. Dr. Youqiang Wang
Prof. Dr. Ping Zhang
Dr. Kai An
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • friction and wear properties
  • wear mechanism
  • alloys
  • surface treatment technologies
  • lubrication conditions

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6099 KiB  
Article
Influence of Lubrication Status on Milling Performance of Bionic Micro-Textured Tools
by Hu Shi, Chunlu Ma, Baizhong Wang and Qinghua Li
Lubricants 2024, 12(4), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12040118 - 02 Apr 2024
Viewed by 541
Abstract
Titanium alloy material has physical properties such as low thermal conductivity, high hardness, and surface resilience, which are prone to problems such as large milling force, low machining efficiency, and poor surface quality in processed products during dry milling. This document details our [...] Read more.
Titanium alloy material has physical properties such as low thermal conductivity, high hardness, and surface resilience, which are prone to problems such as large milling force, low machining efficiency, and poor surface quality in processed products during dry milling. This document details our process of isolating micro-textures from biological structures, applying them to cutting tool surfaces to create micro-texture milling cutters, and employing this micro-texture technique to reduce friction and prevent wear on these cutters. According to the milling dosage and the installation position between the tool and the workpiece, the effective working area of the cutting edge of the ball-end milling cutter is calculated. At the same time, a self-lubricating cutter was constructed by using a laser to process micro-textures and filling solid lubricant inside the micro-textures. An analysis was conducted to compare the milling efficiency of bionic microtextured cutters in both dry and micro-lubricated environments. It was found that the self-lubricating tool promoted a 3% to 5% decrease in milling force, a reduction in the coefficient of friction, a high surface finish of the machined workpiece, and an alleviation of chip sticking at the edge area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Friction and Wear of Alloys)
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16 pages, 5461 KiB  
Article
An Investigation of the High-Speed Machinability of 7050 Aluminum Alloy Based on Different Prefabricated Crystal Orientations
by Chenbing Ni, Wei Lu, Youqiang Wang, Chengguo Zong, Dejian Liu and Guoliang Liu
Lubricants 2023, 11(9), 413; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11090413 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 933
Abstract
This study investigated the high-speed cutting performance of 7050 aluminum alloy with prefabricated crystal orientations under dry-cutting conditions. Three specimens with different crystal orientations were prefabricated using pre-deformations of 10, 15, and 20%, and the effects of cutting parameters on cutting force, surface [...] Read more.
This study investigated the high-speed cutting performance of 7050 aluminum alloy with prefabricated crystal orientations under dry-cutting conditions. Three specimens with different crystal orientations were prefabricated using pre-deformations of 10, 15, and 20%, and the effects of cutting parameters on cutting force, surface morphology, and tool wear were analyzed. The results showed that the three-dimensional cutting force initially increased and then decreased with the increase in cutting speed. In addition, the three-dimensional cutting force increased with the increase in cutting depth and feed rate. Under the same cutting parameters, the three-dimensional cutting force of 7050 aluminum alloy was in the following order: 20% pre-deformation > 10% pre-deformation > 15% pre-deformation. During high-speed cutting, different degrees of plowing, bulging, and sticky chips appeared on the machined surface, and the surface morphology of the 15% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy was better than that of the other two pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloys. During the high-speed cutting process, tool wear mainly occurred in the forms of collapse edge, adhesion, flaking, and breakage, and wear mechanisms were usually adhesive, diffusion, and oxidation wears. Under the same cutting parameters, the tool wear of the 15% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy was lighter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Friction and Wear of Alloys)
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13 pages, 4297 KiB  
Article
Comparative Micro-Scale Abrasive Wear Testing of Thermally Sprayed and Hard Chromium Coatings
by Georgiana Chișiu, Roxana-Alexandra Gheța, Alina-Maria Stoica and Nicolae-Alexandru Stoica
Lubricants 2023, 11(8), 350; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11080350 - 17 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 854
Abstract
Nowadays, due to the carcinogenic effects of chrome, replacing the hard chromium used for hydraulic components like rods and cylinders is becoming increasingly requested. Thermally sprayed coatings are a solution to the problem; however, proper understanding and characterisation of their tribological behaviour are [...] Read more.
Nowadays, due to the carcinogenic effects of chrome, replacing the hard chromium used for hydraulic components like rods and cylinders is becoming increasingly requested. Thermally sprayed coatings are a solution to the problem; however, proper understanding and characterisation of their tribological behaviour are essential for the successful exploitation of surface engineering. Thus, the main aim of this study is to evaluate the abrasive wear characteristics of two metal sprayed layers, tungsten carbide (WC) deposited through the high-velocity oxygen fuel coating (HVOF) method and Fe alloy coating deposited through thermal spraying with an electric arc with a wire-electrode G3Si1, and compare the results with those of an electrochemically deposited hard chromium layer. Their wear resistance is then related to their hardness. The results highlight the tribological performances of the thermally sprayed coatings. The HVOF WC10Co4Cr coating has a wear coefficient and a material wear volume that are hundreds of times lower than those of the other two coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Friction and Wear of Alloys)
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18 pages, 20818 KiB  
Article
Influence of Ball Burnishing on Lubricated Fretting of the Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V
by Slawomir Swirad
Lubricants 2023, 11(8), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11080341 - 10 Aug 2023
Viewed by 773
Abstract
Ball burnishing is a very promising alternative to grinding because of it produces little environmental pollution. It can cause improvement of the functional properties of machine parts, such as friction and wear. The connection between the ball burnishing and the lubricated fretting has [...] Read more.
Ball burnishing is a very promising alternative to grinding because of it produces little environmental pollution. It can cause improvement of the functional properties of machine parts, such as friction and wear. The connection between the ball burnishing and the lubricated fretting has not been analysed yet. In this study, it was found that ball burnishing discs from titanium alloy Ti6Al4V caused a decrease in the height of the roughness up to 84% and an increase in the microhardness up to 26% compared to the turned surface. Tribological experiments were carried out under lubricated fretting conditions. Ceramic balls from WC material co-acted with the burnished discs. Ball burnishing resulted in significant improvement in the tribological behaviour of the ball-on-disc sliding pair. Due to ball burnishing, the friction coefficient decreased up to 45% and the volumetric wear of the disc decreased up to 50% compared to the turned disc. The smallest friction and disc wear were achieved for the sample burnished with a pressure of 30 MPa; this sample was characterised by a low roughness height and great microhardness. The turned disc sample corresponded to high friction and wear. Wear losses of the balls were negligible due to the large difference between the hardness values of the balls and discs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Friction and Wear of Alloys)
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19 pages, 3345 KiB  
Article
Prediction of Wear Rate in Al/SiC Metal Matrix Composites Using a Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence (NSAI)-Based Algorithm
by Akshansh Mishra and Vijaykumar S. Jatti
Lubricants 2023, 11(6), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11060261 - 14 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1018
Abstract
This research paper delves into an innovative utilization of neurosymbolic programming for forecasting wear rates in aluminum-silicon carbide (Al/SiC) metal matrix composites (MMCs). The study scrutinizes compositional transformations in MMCs with various weight percentages of SiC (0%, 3%, and 5%), employing comprehensive spectroscopic [...] Read more.
This research paper delves into an innovative utilization of neurosymbolic programming for forecasting wear rates in aluminum-silicon carbide (Al/SiC) metal matrix composites (MMCs). The study scrutinizes compositional transformations in MMCs with various weight percentages of SiC (0%, 3%, and 5%), employing comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. The effect of SiC integration on the compositional distribution and ratio of elements within the composite is meticulously examined. In a novel move for this field of research, the study introduces and applies neurosymbolic programming as a novel computational modeling approach. The performance of this cutting-edge methodology is compared to a traditional simple artificial neural network (ANN). The neurosymbolic algorithm exhibits superior performance, providing lower mean squared error (MSE) values and higher R-squared (R2) values across both training and validation datasets. This highlights its potential for delivering more precise and resilient predictions, marking a significant development in the field. Despite the promising results, the study recognizes that the performance of the model might vary based on specific characteristics of the composite material and operational conditions. Thus, it encourages future studies to authenticate and expand these innovative findings across a wider spectrum of materials and conditions. This research represents a substantial advancement towards a more profound understanding of wear rates in Al/SiC MMCs and emphasizes the potential of the novel neurosymbolic programming in predictive modeling of complex material systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Friction and Wear of Alloys)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Comparing Performance of Bio-Ester and Mineral Oil Emulsions on Tool Wear Rate and Surface Integrity in Finish Turning a Ni-Based Superalloy
Authors: Paul Wood 1, Andrew Mantle 2, Fathi Boud 1, Wayne Carter 1, Urvashi Gunputh 1, Marzena Pawlik 1, Yiling Lu 1, José Díaz-Álvarez 1,3,* and María Henar Miguélez Garrido 3
Affiliation: 1 Institute of Innovation in Sustainable Engineering, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB, UK 2 Rolls-Royce Plc, P.O. Box 31, Moor Lane, Derby DE24 8BJ, UK 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
Abstract: This paper describes finish turning of Inconel 718 in the very hard condition to compare four metal working fluids (MWFs) on tool wear and surface integrity. Two MWFs were bio-ester based and the other two were conventional mineral oil emulsions that complied with the latest H&S and COSHH requirements. To compare MWFs in finish turning a small tool nose radius (0.4 mm), small depth of cut (250 um), and a lean MWF concentrate diluted at 6.5% with water was used to turn down workpieces in the hardest condition which has not been studied. In the experiments, 52.5 mm diameter bars were turned down with multiple passes to reach a tool flank wear of 200 μm. During each test, the machining was interrupted at several stages to measure the flank wear, surface roughness, and compare the chip forms. The cutting forces were measured throughout all tests. Subsurface deformation of etched samples obtained for each MWF test were examined using high magnification optics. The findings suggest the bio-ester was capable of equivalent machining performance as the conventional mineral-oil emulsion, and one performance measure displayed significant improvement.

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