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Land
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The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services
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The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil-Sediment-Water Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2023) | Viewed by 7348

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pavel Krasilnikov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
Interests: soil geography; soil genesis and classification; carbon cycling; soil policy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Soils Department, Agronomy Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) BR 465, km7 Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro 23.897-000, Brazil
Interests: soil genesis and classification; soil management; soil organic carbon; soil education
Prof. Dr. Ligang Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Interests: ecohydrology; carbon sequestration; soil organic carbon; wetlands
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The introduction of the concepts of natural capital and ecosystem services allowed linking sustainable development to land use issues. The idea that ecosystem services have value appeared to be productive and has been applied for the assessment of the capacity of landscapes to reduce and compensate for a negative anthropogenic impact. One of the critical issues in the use of the ecosystem services concept was the monetary evaluation of such services because of their non-market nature. In this respect, carbon sequestration potential is one of the services that may be easily estimated using market CO2 prices. Thus, various aspects of the mechanisms and consequences of carbon sequestration in water and land ecosystems are extensively studied worldwide. Accumulation of carbon in biomass and organic matter of soil and sediments, in its turn, may have multiple consequences for ecosystem services, and this phenomenon is much less studied than other aspects of carbon cycling.

The aim of the current Special Issue is to reflect the state of the art of studies focused on carbon cycling in terrestrial and tidal ecosystems and the effect of carbon accumulation on multiple ecosystem services. The Special Issue attempts to bring together experts from different knowledge areas such as biologists, soil scientists, geologists, hydrologists, social and economic scientists, and others.

The main themes proposed for this Special Issue are:

  • Ecosystem services are dependent on carbon storage and cycling;
  • Mechanisms of carbon accumulation in natural terrestrial ecosystems;
  • Carbon sequestration in tidal ecosystems;
  • Agriculture and agroforestry potential in carbon sequestration and ecosystem services provision;
  • Carbon sequestration in urban environments;
  • Economic and social value of carbon sequestration and corresponding ecosystem services.

Both research papers and reviews are welcomed.

Dr. Pavel Krasilnikov
Prof. Dr. Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos
Prof. Dr. Ligang Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Land is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon cycling
  • biomass
  • ecosystem services
  • climatic change
  • natural capital
  • agricultural land use

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2953 KiB  
Article
Carbon Stock in Coastal Ecosystems of Tombolos of the White and Baltic Seas
by Ilya Bagdasarov, Michail Tseits, Iuliia Kryukova, Kseniya Taskina, Anna Bobrik, Igor Ilichev, Junxiang Cheng, Ligang Xu and Pavel Krasilnikov
Land 2024, 13(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/land13010049 - 31 Dec 2023
Viewed by 869
Abstract
“Blue carbon”, apart from marine humus, includes the carbon (C) stock of coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrass meadows, which have been overlooked until recently. Information about the role of coastal wetlands in C sequestration and providing other ecosystem services is [...] Read more.
“Blue carbon”, apart from marine humus, includes the carbon (C) stock of coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrass meadows, which have been overlooked until recently. Information about the role of coastal wetlands in C sequestration and providing other ecosystem services is still insufficient. In the present study, we assessed the C reserves of soils and vegetation biomass in two complex coastal landscapes (tombolos) located on the coasts of the White and Baltic seas. The soil and plant C stocks were slightly higher at the plot on the Baltic Sea (93.4 ± 46.7 Mg C·ha−1 and 5.22 ± 2.51 Mg C·ha−1, respectively) than at the plot on the White Sea (71.4 ± 38.2 Mg C·ha−1 and 3.95 ± 2.42 Mg C·ha−1, respectively). We attributed the higher values of the C reserved to a warmer climate and less saline water at the plot on the Baltic Sea. Both soil and plant C showed high heterogeneity due to geomorphological complexity and differences in vegetative communities. The Phragmites australis community showed the highest plant biomass and, in some places, high soil C reserves. Allochthonous C contributed to the soil C stock at the site on the White Sea. Though P. australis sequestered more C than other communities, its effect on ecosystem services was mostly negative because the invasion of reeds reduced the biological diversity of the marshes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services)
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16 pages, 5919 KiB  
Article
Sediment Carbon Stock in Natural and Transplanted Mangroves in Bahrain, Arabian Gulf
by Humood Abdulla Naser
Land 2023, 12(11), 2055; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12112055 - 12 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
Mangroves in the Arabian Gulf provide several biological, ecological, and environmental services. They are also considered among the largest carbon sinks. However, mangroves along the coastlines of the Arabian Gulf have degraded in recent decades, mainly due to urbanization and coastal development. Therefore, [...] Read more.
Mangroves in the Arabian Gulf provide several biological, ecological, and environmental services. They are also considered among the largest carbon sinks. However, mangroves along the coastlines of the Arabian Gulf have degraded in recent decades, mainly due to urbanization and coastal development. Therefore, restoration and afforestation programs have been initiated to enhance the services and functions of mangrove ecosystems and as part of national targets to mitigate climate change. Increasing carbon sinks by quadrupling the current areas covered by mangroves through afforestation programs by 2035 is one of the strategies to mitigate climate change in Bahrain. The aim of the present study was to estimate the organic carbon stocks in the sediments of natural and transplanted mangroves in Bahrain. Within the protected areas of Tubli and Arad Bays, sediment samples were taken down to a depth of 70 cm from natural and transplanted mangroves as well as a bare mudflat. The findings of the present study indicated that the total sediment organic carbon concentrations at three sampling sites of natural and transplanted mangroves and the mudflat were 200.54 ± 24.52, 112.36 ± 55.51, and 81.56 ± 8.92 Mg C/ha, respectively. The natural mangroves in Tubli Bay differed considerably from those in Arad Bay (p ≤ 0.001), based on the concentrations of organic carbon in sediments. However, there was a noticeable similarity seen in the organic carbon of the mangroves in Arad Bay that were transplanted 25 years prior and the natural mangroves in Tubli Bay, indicating the importance of a long-term mangrove afforestation strategy to mitigate climate change in the Arabian Gulf. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services)
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11 pages, 849 KiB  
Article
Physical Properties of Retisol under Secondary Pulp and Paper Sludge Application
by Marina Butylkina and Elena Ikkonen
Land 2023, 12(11), 2022; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12112022 - 06 Nov 2023
Viewed by 806
Abstract
A positive effect of pulp and paper mill sludges as a rich source of organic substrates on soil properties was previously found for some types of sludge and soil. In this study, the effect of secondary pulp and paper sludge on water characteristics [...] Read more.
A positive effect of pulp and paper mill sludges as a rich source of organic substrates on soil properties was previously found for some types of sludge and soil. In this study, the effect of secondary pulp and paper sludge on water characteristics and thermal properties of Retisol, as well as the growth parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), was tested on the basis of a pot experiment when watering plants with a 20 or 40% sludge solution. The sludge application enhanced plant growth with an increase in biomass accumulation of 21 and 53%, respectively, for 20 and 40% sludge treatments. When the sludge dose was increased from 0 to 40%, the number of leaves increased by 25%, and the leaf mass per area value increased by 42%. Due to the accumulation of more biomass in the shoots than in the roots, sludge causes a change in the allocation of plant biomass. A significant effect of the sludge application on soil particle and microaggregate sized compositions, as well as on the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, was not found in this study. However, fitted soil water retention curves showed an increased soil water content in sludge-treated soil at all water content values exceeding field capacity. Secondary sludge application led to an increase in the saturated water content from 0.50 to 0.56 cm3 cm−3. The 40% sludge solution increased soil thermal conductivity from 0.92 to 0.98 W m−1 K−1 under saturated water content and from 0.83 to 0.92 W m−1 K−1 under field capacity. The thermal conductivity was higher in the sludge-treated than untreated soil due to a more pronounced positive effect of increased saturated water content than the negative effect of the increased organic matter content on heat transfer. The positive impact of secondary sludge application on both plant growth parameters and physical properties of Retisol, such as increased soil water-holding capacity and thermal conductivity coefficient confirms the possibility of using it to improve soil characteristics and plant productivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services)
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15 pages, 8925 KiB  
Article
Grazing Decreases Soil Aggregation and Has Different Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Storage across Different Grassland Types in Northern Xinjiang, China
by Lianlian Fan, Yuanye Liang, Xiaofeng Li, Jiefei Mao, Guangyu Wang, Xuexi Ma and Yaoming Li
Land 2023, 12(8), 1575; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12081575 - 09 Aug 2023
Viewed by 988
Abstract
Soil aggregates, as the basic component of soil, make great contributions to the stability of soil structure and soil carbon (C) sequestration. Recently, grasslands have been experiencing continuous grazing, which has had a significant impact on soil aggregation and soil C storage. However, [...] Read more.
Soil aggregates, as the basic component of soil, make great contributions to the stability of soil structure and soil carbon (C) sequestration. Recently, grasslands have been experiencing continuous grazing, which has had a significant impact on soil aggregation and soil C storage. However, how soil aggregates and soil C in different grasslands respond to grazing remains unclear. Therefore, three national fenced grassland-monitoring sites that represented mountain meadow (MM), temperate steppe (TS), and temperate steppe desert (TSD) were selected to investigate the differences in the responses of soil aggregates and soil C among grazing of different types of grasslands. Soil samples of 0–10 cm was collected from both inside and outside the fence of each site to analyze soil properties and soil aggregate characteristics. The results showed that soil nutrients varied greatly among the three grassland types, with the highest values in MM. At each site, grazing increased the content of sand and decreased the contents of silt and clay compared to fenced plots. Soil aggregate composition showed significant responses to both grassland type and grazing, especially the proportions of soil aggregates >2 mm, which significantly decreased by 51.7% on average in grazing plots compared with fenced plots. A significant decrease (on average, 25.1%) in the mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil aggregates under grazing was detected across all grassland types. The effect of grazing on nutrients in macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) was greater than that in microaggregates (<0.25 mm). Aggregate-associated SOC concentration decreased under grazing in MM and TS. However, grazing had no significant influence on the SOC density of MM, while it led to a significant decrease in TS and an increase in TSD. The magnitude of grazing effect size on aggregate-associated SOC varied with different soil particle sizes, with greater responses in aggregates >2 mm and the biggest value in TDS. In addition, the results of the correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (PDA) indicated that soil bulk density and nutrients made the main contribution to soil composition and stability of soil aggregates. Overall, grazing had a significant influence on soil aggregation, stability, and SOC, playing a crucial role in grassland soil stability and the accumulation of SOC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services)
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15 pages, 1142 KiB  
Article
Role of Traditional Agroforestry Systems in Climate Change Mitigation through Carbon Sequestration: An Investigation from the Semi-Arid Region of Pakistan
by Ghulam Yasin, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Farooq Azhar, Matoor Mohsin Gilani, Muhammad Nadeem Ashraf, Anzhen Qin and Shafeeq Ur Rahman
Land 2023, 12(2), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020513 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2754
Abstract
Several agroforestry systems prevail in different agro-ecological zones of Pakistan, and cover a remarkable area of 19.3 million hectares. They not only play an important role in slowing down CO2 emissions, but also contribute to mitigating climate change. However, in many regions, [...] Read more.
Several agroforestry systems prevail in different agro-ecological zones of Pakistan, and cover a remarkable area of 19.3 million hectares. They not only play an important role in slowing down CO2 emissions, but also contribute to mitigating climate change. However, in many regions, the relevant effect of agroforestry systems on overall carbon (C) stock and their reliance on various factors are quite unidentified. This study was planned to assess the biomass accumulation and C stocks of different commonly practiced agroforestry systems (boundary, bund, scattered, agri-horticulture) and their constituent land use types (tree + cropland) through a non-destructive approach (allometric equations) in a semi-arid region of Punjab, Pakistan. The results showed that the highest plant biomass (87.12 t ha−1) increased by 46%, 17%, 78%, and 339%, and C stock (42.77 t ha−1) increased by 49.51%, 20%, 82%, and 361% in the boundary planting system compared to the bund, scattered, agri-horti and sole cropland, respectively. The soil organic carbon (SOC) stock at all three depths, 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm & 30–45 cm, was found in the following order: boundary planting system > bund planting system > agri-horti system > scattered planting system > agricultural system, with a maximum in the boundary planting system and minimum in the sole cropping system at all three depths. Overall, the total C stock of the ecosystem’s vegetation + soil C (0–30 cm) in the forested area was 275 t ha−1, equating to 37 t ha−1 in the agricultural system alone. Our results highlighted that agroforestry systems have the highest potential for C sequestration. We suggest that research and investment in agroforestry systems can be a successful way for Pakistan to achieve some of its climate change mitigation goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Ecosystem Services)
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