Individualized Diagnostic and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Methodology, Drug and Device Discovery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2020) | Viewed by 3367

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
Interests: prostate cancer; risk modeling; magnetic resonance imaging; risk production of prostate cancer; radiomics; radiogenomics and PSMA PET imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by extensive clinical and histomorphological heterogeneity and tumor multifocality. In recent years, considerable improvements have been made in the radiological (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based) detection of significant PCa foci. The largest and most suspicious lesions detected by standardized multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) may be representative of index lesions on the final pathology and might be treated in a targeted fashion in the future. In this context, different evidence has been gathered in recent years, proposing that mpMRI and targeted biopsies be applied to men at risk of PCa even in biopsy-naïve men. In addition, MRI and clinical parameters have been integrated into various risk models, such as the most recent ERSPC risk calculator, to predict individuals’ risk of harboring a significant disease. However, whether and to what extent these improvements in diagnostics contribute to treatment or follow-up of PCa, such as in active surveillance of low-risk disease, is largely unknown and one of the key questions in current research.  

This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine aims to highlight the current state of the science and showcase some of the latest findings in the field of personalized diagnostics and treatment in prostate cancer. Studies include those that explore the role not only of mpMRI and standard clinical parameters, but also of screening and integration of more sophisticated genomic predictors and imaging texture analysis. For follow-up of low-risk disease, the manuscripts will elucidate the role of sophisticated imaging and genomics. Lastly, for advanced and metastatic disease, the role of state-of-the-art prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging will be investigated.

Scientific advances in the field of PCa diagnostics will continue to pave the path towards personalized diagnosis and treatment.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jan Philipp Radtke
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Prostate cancer
  • Radiomics
  • MR imaging
  • Radiogenomics
  • Prostate cancer screening
  • Prostate specific membrane antigen
  • Imaging of prostate cancer at Active surveillance
  • Targeted biopsy of prostate cancer

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2416 KiB  
Article
Transcript Levels of Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Subfamily C (AKR1C) Are Increased in Prostate Tissue of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
by Andras Franko, Lucia Berti, Jörg Hennenlotter, Steffen Rausch, Marcus O. Scharpf, Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis, Arnulf Stenzl, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Andreas Peter, Stefan Z. Lutz, Hans-Ulrich Häring and Martin Heni
J. Pers. Med. 2020, 10(3), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10030124 - 12 Sep 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3062
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 (AKR1) enzymes play a crucial role in diabetic complications. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cancer progression, we investigated the impact of diabetes on AKR1 gene expression in the context of prostate cancer (PCa) development. In this [...] Read more.
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 (AKR1) enzymes play a crucial role in diabetic complications. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cancer progression, we investigated the impact of diabetes on AKR1 gene expression in the context of prostate cancer (PCa) development. In this study, we analyzed benign (BEN) prostate and PCa tissue of patients with and without T2D. Furthermore, to replicate hyperglycemia in vitro, we treated the prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC3 with increasing glucose concentrations. Gene expression was quantified using real-time qPCR. In the prostate tissue of patients with T2D, AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 transcripts were higher compared to samples of patients without diabetes. In PC3 cells, high glucose treatment induced the gene expression levels of AKR1C1, C2, and C3. Furthermore, both in human tissue and in PC3 cells, the transcript levels of AKR1C1, C2, and C3 showed positive associations with oncogenes, which are involved in proliferation processes and HIF1α and NFκB pathways. These results indicate that in the prostate glands of patients with T2D, hyperglycemia could play a pivotal role by inducing the expression of AKR1C1, C2, and C3. The higher transcript level of AKR1C was furthermore associated with upregulated HIF1α and NFκB pathways, which are major drivers of PCa carcinogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Individualized Diagnostic and Treatment of Prostate Cancer)
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