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Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology
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Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2023) | Viewed by 13160

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Angela Sardo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
Interests: employment of microalgae for drug discovery and drug delivery systems; as food or feed supplements; for bioremediation purposes; novel culture strategies and technologies to increase the yields of marine primary and secondary metabolites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giovanna Romano

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
Interests: bioactive metabolites from marine organisms for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications; novel strategies to identify marine-derived compounds; including-omic approaches
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

marine organisms, and especially microorganisms, have been and still are studied as source of biofuel or novel compounds for biotechnological applications. Exploring marine-derived secondary metabolites thus paves the way for the detection of new drugs of natural origin, or bioactive compounds potentially useful as for food and feed supplements, or as ingredients in cosmetic formulates. The capacity of some marine organisms to adsorb and/or incorporate persistent pollutants, or to degrade contaminants in less toxic/dangerous compounds, proves that it is also possible to make progress in the research filed of bioremediation. Finally, the employment of natural resources from aquatic environments for production of biofuels and other kinds of energies is needful to overcome problems related to the intensive exploitation of non-renewable energy sources.

Current research in marine biotechnology is also aimed at discovering new methodologies and new technologies to enhance the production on industrial scale of marine-derived compounds in an environmentally and economically-sustainable way.

In the above context, this Special Issue invites original scientific contributions on topics including:

  • discovery of new bioactive molecules, biomaterials and energies from marine organisms/microorganisms;
  • insights and development of new techniques enhancing the feasibility of industrial applications of marine-derived products.

Research and review articles, and case studies regarding recent advances in marine biotechnology are welcome.

Dr. Angela Sardo
Dr. Giovanna Romano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine-derived drugs, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals
  • biomaterials from marine organisms/microorganisms
  • bioenergy from marine organisms/microorganisms
  • use of marine sources for bioremediation
  • novel techniques for industrial production of marine-derived compounds

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1332 KiB  
Article
Thermophilic Hydrocarbon-Utilizing Bacilli from Marine Shallow Hydrothermal Vents as Producers of Biosurfactants
by Vincenzo Zammuto, Antonio Spanò, Marco Sebastiano Nicolò, Emanuela Grillo, Maria Teresa Caccamo, Salvatore Magazù, Simone Cappello and Concetta Gugliandolo
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(8), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081077 - 5 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1863
Abstract
The exploitation of thermophilic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacilli could provide novel environmentally friendly surfactants. In this work, 80 thermophilic bacilli isolated from shallow hydrothermal vents of the Eolian Islands (Italy) were screened for their ability to utilize hydrocarbons and produce biosurfactants (BSs). Among them, 15 [...] Read more.
The exploitation of thermophilic hydrocarbon-utilizing bacilli could provide novel environmentally friendly surfactants. In this work, 80 thermophilic bacilli isolated from shallow hydrothermal vents of the Eolian Islands (Italy) were screened for their ability to utilize hydrocarbons and produce biosurfactants (BSs). Among them, 15 strains grew with kerosene or gasoline (2% v/v) as the only carbon and energy source, and most of them were positive to the methylene blue agar as prescreening assay for BSs production and displayed emulsifying activity. The cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from two selected strains, Bacillus licheniformis B3-15 and Bacillus horneckiae SBP3, were both surface active and able to emulsify different hydrocarbons and vegetable oils. BSs from B3-15 (910 mg L−1) and SBP3 (950 mg L−1) were chemically different surfactin-like lipopeptides, with specific mineral-, castor- and crude oil removal ability from the cotton matrix. CFSs from the 15 thermophilic strains, which harbor both lipolytic and surfactant abilities, could be suitable for industrial-based applications and environmental issues, such as oil recovery and removal from polluted areas or surfaces, (e.g., oil pipelines, bilge tankers, or industrial silos), whereas the crude BSs, as high-value compounds, may be used in different fields of application, as detergent, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology)
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17 pages, 4308 KiB  
Article
Characterisation and Bioactivity Analysis of Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Protein (PCP) Isolated from Symbiodinium tridacnidorum CS-73
by Kanoknate M. Supasri, Manoj Kumar, Anna Segečová, Janice I. McCauley, Andrei Herdean, Matthew P. Padula, Tim O’Meara and Peter J. Ralph
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(12), 1387; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121387 - 6 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3065
Abstract
Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Proteins (PCP) are the major light harvesting proteins in photosynthetic dinoflagellates. PCP shows great variation in protein length, pigment ratio, sequence, and spectroscopic properties. PCP conjugates (PerCP) are widely used as fluorescent probes for cellular and tissue analysis in the biomedical [...] Read more.
Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Proteins (PCP) are the major light harvesting proteins in photosynthetic dinoflagellates. PCP shows great variation in protein length, pigment ratio, sequence, and spectroscopic properties. PCP conjugates (PerCP) are widely used as fluorescent probes for cellular and tissue analysis in the biomedical field. PCP consists of a peridinin carotenoid; thereby, it can potentially be used as a bioactive compound in pharmaceutical applications. However, the biological activities of PCP are yet to be explored. In this study, we extracted, purified, and partially characterised the PCP from Symbiodinium tridacnidorum (CS-73) and explored its antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammation bioactivities. The PCP was purified using an ÄKTA™ PURE system and predicted to be of 17.3 kDa molecular weight (confirmed as a single band on SDS-PAGE) with an isoelectric point (pI) 5.6. LC-MS/MS and bioinformatic analysis of purified PCP digested with trypsin indicated it was 164 amino acids long with >90% sequence similarity to PCP of SymA3.s6014_g3 (belonging to clade A of Symbiodinium sp.) confirmed with 59 peptide combinations matched across its protein sequence. The spectroscopic properties of purified PCP showed a slight shift in absorption and emission spectra to previously documented analysis in Symbiodinium species possibly due to variation in amino acid sequences that interact with chl a and peridinin. Purified PCP consisted of a 19-amino-acid-long signal peptide at its N terminal and nine helixes in its secondary structure, with several protein binding sites and no DNA/RNA binding site. Furthermore, purified PCP exhibited antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammation bioactivities, and anti-cancer activities against human metastatic breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) and human colorectal (HTC-15) cancer cell lines. Together, all these findings present PCP as a promising candidate for continued investigations for pharmaceutical applications to cure chronic diseases, apart from its existing application as a fluorescent-probe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology)
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17 pages, 3709 KiB  
Article
Statistical Optimisation and Kinetic Studies of Molybdenum Reduction Using a Psychrotolerant Marine Bacteria Isolated from Antarctica
by Syazani Darham, Khadijah Nabilah Mohd Zahri, Azham Zulkharnain, Suriana Sabri, Claudio Gomez-Fuentes, Peter Convey, Khalilah Abdul Khalil and Siti Aqlima Ahmad
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(6), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9060648 - 11 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2745
Abstract
The extensive industrial use of the heavy metal molybdenum (Mo) has led to an emerging global pollution with its traces that can even be found in Antarctica. In response, a reduction process that transforms hexamolybdate (Mo6+) to a less toxic compound, [...] Read more.
The extensive industrial use of the heavy metal molybdenum (Mo) has led to an emerging global pollution with its traces that can even be found in Antarctica. In response, a reduction process that transforms hexamolybdate (Mo6+) to a less toxic compound, Mo-blue, using microorganisms provides a sustainable remediation approach. The aim of this study was to investigate the reduction of Mo by a psychrotolerant Antarctic marine bacterium, Marinomonas sp. strain AQ5-A9. Mo reduction was optimised using One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Subsequently, Mo reduction kinetics were further studied. OFAT results showed that maximum Mo reduction occurred in culture media conditions of pH 6.0 and 50 ppt salinity at 15 °C, with initial sucrose, nitrogen and molybdate concentrations of 2.0%, 3.0 g/L and 10 mM, respectively. Further optimization using RSM identified improved optimum conditions of pH 6.0 and 47 ppt salinity at 16 °C, with initial sucrose, nitrogen and molybdate concentrations of 1.8%, 2.25 g/L and 16 mM, respectively. Investigation of the kinetics of Mo reduction revealed Aiba as the best-fitting model. The calculated Aiba coefficient of maximum Mo reduction rate (µmax) was 0.067 h−1. The data obtained support the potential use of marine bacteria in the bioremediation of Mo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology)
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Review

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16 pages, 1042 KiB  
Review
Microalgae-Based PUFAs for Food and Feed: Current Applications, Future Possibilities, and Constraints
by Anna Santin, Sergio Balzano, Monia Teresa Russo, Fortunato Palma Esposito, Maria Immacolata Ferrante, Martina Blasio, Elena Cavalletti and Angela Sardo
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(7), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070844 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2635
Abstract
Microalgae are currently considered an attractive source of highly valuable compounds for human and animal consumption, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Several microalgae-derived compounds, such as ω-3 fatty acids, pigments, and whole dried biomasses are available on the market and are mainly produced [...] Read more.
Microalgae are currently considered an attractive source of highly valuable compounds for human and animal consumption, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Several microalgae-derived compounds, such as ω-3 fatty acids, pigments, and whole dried biomasses are available on the market and are mainly produced by culturing microalgae in open ponds, which can be achieved with low setup and maintenance costs with respect to enclosed systems. However, open tanks are more susceptible to bacterial and other environmental contamination, do not guarantee a high reproducibility of algal biochemical profiles and productivities, and constrain massive cultivation to a limited number of species. Genetic engineering techniques have substantially improved over the last decade, and several model microalgae have been successfully modified to promote the accumulation of specific value-added compounds. However, transgenic strains should be cultured in closed photobioreactors (PBRs) to minimize risks of contamination of aquatic environments with allochthonous species; in addition, faster growth rates and higher yields of compounds of interest can be achieved in PBRs compared to open ponds. In this review, we present information collected about the major microalgae-derived commodities (with a special focus on PUFAs) produced at industrial scale, as well genetically-engineered microalgae to increase PUFA production. We also critically analyzed the main bottlenecks that make large-scale production of algal commodities difficult, as well as possible solutions to overcome the main problems and render the processes economically and environmentally safe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Advance in Marine Biotechnology)
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