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Two-Phase Flows in Marine Propulsion and Engineering
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Two-Phase Flows in Marine Propulsion and Engineering

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 November 2023) | Viewed by 2638

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sergey M. Frolov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC), Moscow 119991, Russia
Interests: combustion; detonation; multiphase flows; advanced propulsion; waste processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will include experimental, computational, and theoretical contributions on the various aspects of two-phase flows arising in marine propulsion and engineering, such as the following:

  • Two-phase flows in ship air lubrication systems implemented for drag reduction by introducing air in the form of bubbles/layers between water and the ship hull, possibly equipped with bottom internal/external air cavities; approaches to suppress flow instabilities under different navigation conditions.
  • Two-phase flows caused by propeller/impeller cavitation; approaches to avoid cavitation.
  • Two-phase flows in marine ramjets utilizing gaseous, liquid, or solid metallized fuels.
  • Two-phase flows and accidental explosions in large-scale marine diesel crankcases caused by the formation and ignition of lubricating oil mist and vapors in air, e.g., as a result of contact with an overheated engine part; alternative explanations of crankcase explosions; oil mist flammability; means of explosion prevention and mitigation; explosion relief valves, etc.
  • Two-phase flows in underwater explosions; bubbly detonations; and the mitigation of underwater explosions by bubbly barriers.
  • Other manifestations of two-phase flow phenomena in marine propulsion and engineering.

Prof. Dr. Sergey M. Frolov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • two-phase flow
  • ship air lubrication system
  • drag reduction
  • propeller/impeller cavitation
  • marine ramjet
  • marine diesel
  • crankcase explosion
  • lubricating oil mist
  • underwater explosion
  • bubbly detonation
  • bubbly barriers

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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33 pages, 32167 KiB  
Article
Crankcase Explosions in Marine Diesel Engines: A Computational Study of Unvented and Vented Explosions of Lubricating Oil Mist
by Vladislav S. Ivanov, Sergey M. Frolov, Ilya V. Semenov and Marina S. Belotserkovskaya
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(1), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010082 - 29 Dec 2023
Viewed by 949
Abstract
Accidental crankcase explosions in marine diesel engines are presumably caused by the inflammation of lubricating oil in air followed by flame propagation and pressure buildup. This manuscript deals with the numerical simulation of internal unvented and vented crankcase explosions of lubricating oil mist [...] Read more.
Accidental crankcase explosions in marine diesel engines are presumably caused by the inflammation of lubricating oil in air followed by flame propagation and pressure buildup. This manuscript deals with the numerical simulation of internal unvented and vented crankcase explosions of lubricating oil mist using the 3D CFD approach for two-phase turbulent reactive flow with finite-rate turbulent/molecular mixing and chemistry. The lubricating oil mist was treated as either monodispersed with a droplet size of 60 μm or polydispersed with a trimodal droplet size distribution (10 μm (10 wt%), 250 μm (10 wt%), and 500 μm (80 wt%)). The mist was partly pre-evaporated with pre-evaporation degrees of 60%, 70%, and 80%. As an example, a typical low-speed two-stroke six-cylinder marine diesel engine was considered. Four possible accidental ignition sites were considered in different linked segments of the crankcase, namely the leakage of hot blow-by gases through the faulty stuffing box, a hot spot on the crankpin bearing, electrostatic discharge in the open space at the A-frame, and a hot spot on the main bearing. Calculations show that the most important parameter affecting the dynamics of crankcase explosion is the pre-evaporation degree of the oil mist, whereas the oil droplet size distribution plays a minor role. The most severe unvented explosion was caused by the hot spot ignition of the oil mist on the main bearing and flame breaking through the windows connecting the crankcase segments. The predicted maximum rate of pressure rise in the crankcase attained 0.6–0.7 bar/s, whereas the apparent turbulent burning velocity attained 7–8 m/s. The rate of heat release attained a value of 13 MW. Explosion venting caused the rate of pressure rise to decrease and become negative. However, vent opening does not lead to an immediate pressure drop in the crankcase: the pressure keeps growing for a certain time and attains a maximum value that can be a factor of 2 higher than the vent opening pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Phase Flows in Marine Propulsion and Engineering)
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14 pages, 4809 KiB  
Article
Open-Sea Testing of Two-Phase Marine Ramjet Propulsion
by Shlomit Valensi and Alon Gany
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2220; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122220 - 23 Nov 2023
Viewed by 674
Abstract
Open-sea testing of a two-phase marine ramjet vehicle has been conducted. This experimental phase was accomplished following comprehensive theoretical research. The concept of two-phase marine ramjet propulsion consists of a submerged propulsor acquiring water through an inlet due to the vehicle’s motion. Thrust [...] Read more.
Open-sea testing of a two-phase marine ramjet vehicle has been conducted. This experimental phase was accomplished following comprehensive theoretical research. The concept of two-phase marine ramjet propulsion consists of a submerged propulsor acquiring water through an inlet due to the vehicle’s motion. Thrust is generated by injecting and dispersing air (or gas) bubbles within the water flowing through the propulsion unit channel and expelling a jet of the two-phase flow through an exit nozzle. The bubbles injected into the internal flow transmit their expansion work to the outgoing jet, resulting in an increase in the jet velocity, hence generating thrust. The article briefly describes the thrust generation concept, then it presents the overall system and thrust units attached to the test vessel, and finally, it summarizes the open-sea experimental results. Good correspondence between the theoretical prediction and actual test data is shown, revealing the feasibility of the two-phase ramjet concept at the low to intermediate cruise velocity range and a smaller relative thrust margin over the hydrodynamic resistance at the high-speed range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Phase Flows in Marine Propulsion and Engineering)
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Review

Jump to: Research

25 pages, 2122 KiB  
Review
A Review on Navigating Sustainable Naval Design: LCA and Innovations in Energy and Fuel Choices
by Filippo Cucinotta, Emmanuele Barberi and Fabio Salmeri
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(3), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12030520 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 688
Abstract
The naval sector holds paramount importance for the global economy, yet it entails significant environmental impacts throughout the entire life cycle of ships. This review explores the application of life-cycle assessment (LCA) in the naval sector, a methodology for evaluating the environmental impacts [...] Read more.
The naval sector holds paramount importance for the global economy, yet it entails significant environmental impacts throughout the entire life cycle of ships. This review explores the application of life-cycle assessment (LCA) in the naval sector, a methodology for evaluating the environmental impacts associated with all the life stages of a product or service. LCA analysis in the naval context is essential for identifying and mitigating environmental impacts, thus promoting more sustainable development of the sector. This work provides a comprehensive overview of current LCA applications in the naval sector, highlighting major environmental impacts, in particular focusing on greenhouse-gas emissions and climate change. Additionally, this study integrates an analysis of greenhouse-gas emissions using a normalization approach, which has enabled the comparison of various types of fuels and ships, thereby enhancing our understanding of their environmental impacts. Moreover, the limits and challenges to applying LCA in the naval sector are discussed, offering insights for future research and developments in the field. This review aims to raise awareness among policymakers, designers, and operators in the naval sector about the importance of adopting LCA for more sustainable and responsible management of naval activities, thereby contributing to the protection of the marine and global environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Two-Phase Flows in Marine Propulsion and Engineering)
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