New Insights into the Management of Advanced (Stage D) Heart Failure

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 1501

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
German Ctr Heart & Circulatory Res DZHK Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Interests: ventricular function; heart failure; mechanical circulatory support; heart transplantation; echocardiography; cardiac physiology; cardiac immunology; right ventricle; pulmonary hypertension

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The management of advanced heart failure (HF) refractory to pharmacological therapy and cardiac rhythm control (HF stage D) is highly challenging, necessitating particularly demanding treatment strategies such as mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or heart transplantation (HTx). Thanks to the continuous evolution of MCS technology, the growing knowledge around patient management, and the increasingly better understanding of device-related adverse events, the outcomes with newer, durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) in the early years after implantation have approached that of HTx. Despite its known limitations, HTx still remains the most optimal therapy for irreversible advanced chronic HF. Nevertheless, due to the shortage of donor hearts, HTx cannot keep pace with the rising demand for life-saving circulatory support, and therefore, only the alternative to implant a LVAD (± additional right ventricular temporary support) or a durable bi-ventricular assist device can improve patient outcomes. 

The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide additional findings regarding the management of life-threatening end-stage HF with the aim to enhance the theoretical and practical knowledge of those engaged in this particularly demanding and still highly topical field of cardiovascular medicine. 

The topics expected to be addressed by the authors should, therefore, be linked to MCS therapy and/or HTx in patients with advanced HF of different etiologies (e.g., pathophysiological aspects, diagnostic challenges, surgical procedures, risks and complications, perioperative management, long-term surveillance and outcomes, etc.).   

Dr. Michael Dandel
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • advanced heart failure
  • mechanical circulatory support
  • ventricular assist devices
  • bridge-to-transplantation
  • destination therapy
  • unloading-promoted cardiac remission/recovery
  • heart transplantation
  • immunosuppression
  • acute rejection
  • cardiac allograft vasculopathy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

32 pages, 1789 KiB  
Review
Cardiological Challenges Related to Long-Term Mechanical Circulatory Support for Advanced Heart Failure in Patients with Chronic Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
by Michael Dandel
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(20), 6451; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206451 - 10 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
Long-term mechanical circulatory support by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), with or without an additional temporary or long-term right ventricular (RV) support, is a life-saving therapy for advanced heart failure (HF) refractory to pharmacological treatment, as well as for both device and [...] Read more.
Long-term mechanical circulatory support by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), with or without an additional temporary or long-term right ventricular (RV) support, is a life-saving therapy for advanced heart failure (HF) refractory to pharmacological treatment, as well as for both device and surgical optimization therapies. In patients with chronic non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), timely prediction of HF’s transition into its end stage, necessitating life-saving heart transplantation or long-term VAD support (as a bridge-to-transplantation or destination therapy), remains particularly challenging, given the wide range of possible etiologies, pathophysiological features, and clinical presentations of NICM. Decision-making between the necessity of an LVAD or a biventricular assist device (BVAD) is crucial because both unnecessary use of a BVAD and irreversible right ventricular (RV) failure after LVAD implantation can seriously impair patient outcomes. The pre-operative or, at the latest, intraoperative prediction of RV function after LVAD implantation is reliably possible, but necessitates integrative evaluations of many different echocardiographic, hemodynamic, clinical, and laboratory parameters. VADs create favorable conditions for the reversal of structural and functional cardiac alterations not only in acute forms of HF, but also in chronic HF. Although full cardiac recovery is rather unusual in VAD recipients with pre-implant chronic HF, the search for myocardial reverse remodelling and functional improvement is worthwhile because, for sufficiently recovered patients, weaning from VADs has proved to be feasible and capable of providing survival benefits and better quality of life even if recovery remains incomplete. This review article aimed to provide an updated theoretical and practical background for those engaged in this highly demanding and still current topic due to the continuous technical progress in the optimization of long-term VADs, as well as due to the new challenges which have emerged in conjunction with the proof of a possible myocardial recovery during long-term ventricular support up to levels which allow successful device explantation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Management of Advanced (Stage D) Heart Failure)
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