Exercise and Health: Cellular and Molecular Perspectives
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 372
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Exercise plays a pivotal role in promoting health, and understanding its impact requires exploring cellular and molecular perspectives. At the cellular level, regular exercise induces adaptations, such as increased mitochondrial density, enhancement of the cell’s ability to generate energy and improved overall cellular function. Molecular changes associated with exercise involve the activation of various signaling pathways, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mTOR, influencing protein synthesis, cellular metabolism, and growth. Exercise has been shown to modulate gene expression, promoting the production of proteins involved in antioxidant defense, inflammation regulation, and cellular repair. Aerobic exercise, such as running or cycling, triggers the release of neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), fostering brain health and cognitive function at the molecular level. Resistance training induces molecular changes in muscle and bone tissue, stimulating the synthesis of contractile proteins and enhancing muscle strength and endurance. Cellular responses to exercise include improved insulin sensitivity, which is crucial in preventing and managing metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes. Chronic inflammation, a contributor to various health issues, is mitigated by regular exercise through molecular mechanisms that regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory mediators. Telomere length, a molecular marker of cellular aging, appears to be positively influenced by exercise, potentially slowing down the aging process at the cellular level. Understanding the intricate interplay between exercise, cellular adaptations, and molecular signaling provides valuable insights for developing targeted interventions to optimize health and prevent a range of chronic diseases.
Prof. Dr. Annamaria Mancini
Guest Editor
Manuscript Submission Information
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Keywords
- promoting health
- anti-inflammatory action
- anti-ageing action
- mental health
- mitochondrial adaptation
- cellular function
- regulation of gene expression
- metabolic response to exercise
