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Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland
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Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemoenvironment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 6810

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Wentao Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
Interests: heavy metal(loid)s; microplastic; contamination; soil remediation; biochar; rice; health risk assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Human activities such as overexploitation of resources in mining, metallurgy, and agriculture have resulted in various degrees of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils in regions of the world. These contaminants in soils have been of considerable concern to governments and scholars because of their susceptibility to human health hazards through the food chain. A solid evidence base linking the bioactivities of heavy metals in soil–crop systems to human health has been accumulated in the last decade or so. However, the evaluation of the exposure risk of heavy metals and the remediation strategies of soil heavy metals are subject to a great deal of uncertainty among agricultural lands in various regions. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to solicit studies from different disciplines and regions to improve our understanding of heavy metal contamination evaluation as well as soil heavy metal remediation strategies to support mitigation in different heavy-metal-contaminated soils. 

Research papers and reviews involving the evaluation of soil heavy metal health risks and the soil environmental thresholds are welcome in this Special Issue. Papers dealing with new approaches and understanding of heavy-metal-contaminated agricultural land management, remediation strategies, and translocation processes and fate of heavy metals in agricultural land are also welcome. 

We will accept manuscripts from a variety of disciplines, including environmental science, environmental engineering, soil science, earth science, chemistry, and plant science. Some examples of topics that could be addressed in this Special Issue are as follows: 

  • Contamination assessment of heavy metals;
  • Translocation processes and fate of heavy metals;
  • Environmental thresholds;
  • Health risk assessment model;
  • Translocation of heavy metals in the soil–plant system;
  • Management of contaminated soils;
  • Remediation strategies.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Agriculture.

Dr. Wentao Yang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heavy metals
  • soil
  • contamination evaluation
  • environmental effects
  • health risk
  • food safety
  • environmental thresholds
  • translocation
  • land management
  • remediation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 5453 KiB  
Article
Status, Sources and Assessment of Potentially Toxic Element (PTE) Contamination in Roadside Orchard Soils of Gaziantep (Türkiye)
by Mustafa Demir, Erdihan Tunç, Sören Thiele-Bruhn, Ömer Çelik, Awet Tekeste Tsegai, Nevzat Aslan and Sevgi Arslan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2467; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032467 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1606
Abstract
To identify the sources of contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in roadside orchard soils and to evaluate the potential ecological and environmental impacts in Gaziantep, soil samples from 20 mixed pistachio and olive orchards on roadsides with different traffic densities and at [...] Read more.
To identify the sources of contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in roadside orchard soils and to evaluate the potential ecological and environmental impacts in Gaziantep, soil samples from 20 mixed pistachio and olive orchards on roadsides with different traffic densities and at different distances to the roads were analyzed. Concentrations were 23,407.36 ± 4183.76 mg·kg−1 for Fe, 421.78 ± 100.26 mg·kg−1 for Mn, 100.20 ± 41.92 mg·kg−1 for Ni, 73.30 ± 25.58 mg·kg−1 for Cr, 65.03 ± 12.19 mg·kg−1 for Zn, 60.38± 7.91 mg·kg−1 for Pb, 17.74 ± 3.35 mg·kg−1 for Cu, 14.93 ± 4.94 mg·kg−1 for Co, and 0.30 ± 0.12 mg·kg−1 for Cd. It was found that the Ni content in 51% and the Cr content in 18% of orchard soils were above the legal limits for agricultural soils (pH > 6) in Türkiye. Factor analysis (FA) showed that Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb loaded on the first factor (FC1), while Cd and Zn loaded mostly on the second factor (FC2). It was found that Cr, Ni, and Pb were primarily enriched through pedogenic processes, whereas Cd most likely originated from agricultural activities, while the impact of road traffic as source of PTE contamination was insignificant. It has been revealed that the soils are of low quality for agricultural production due to PTE contamination (PIave ≥ 1). The SOPI values from environmental and ecological individual indices showed that the soil pollution level was moderate for Cd, Ni, and Pb, and low for Cr. The soil pollution index (SOPI) proved to be suitable for evaluating and comparing PTE pollution in regions with different soil properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland)
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23 pages, 2503 KiB  
Article
Contamination Evaluation and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Karst Soil Using UNMIX Model and Pb-Cd Isotopes
by Enjiang Yu, Hongyan Liu, Faustino Dinis, Qiuye Zhang, Peng Jing, Fang Liu and Xianhang Ju
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12478; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912478 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1464
Abstract
Karst terrain is the typical area covered with a high background of heavy metals under geochemical anomaly. This research explored the accumulation of geochemical elements and soil sources in karst terrain from rock and soil exposed in carbonate areas. The comprehensive ecological risk [...] Read more.
Karst terrain is the typical area covered with a high background of heavy metals under geochemical anomaly. This research explored the accumulation of geochemical elements and soil sources in karst terrain from rock and soil exposed in carbonate areas. The comprehensive ecological risk and enrichment of heavy metals from parent rock weathered to soil was investigated in 11 formations in the carbonate and clastic areas of the Weining and Hezhang counties in northwest Guizhou. The single factor pollution index, geoaccumulation index, and the potential risk coefficient were used to assess the environmental risk. The results revealed that the heavy metals in an overall geologically high background level of soil in northwest Guizhou is at a slight risk level. However, except for Cd, the heavy metals did not exceed the standard pollution reference. Moreover, the UNMIX model and Cd and Pb isotopes were used to analyze the source of heavy metals, comprising of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), and the geochemical elements of silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca). The study showed that most elements in the soil carbonate area exceed the national standard, and the heavy metals in the soil showed a strong enrichment, while the major elements Si and Mg display strong loss. Heavy metal concentrations in soil in the carbonate area were higher than in the clastic area. Geological sources and atmospheric deposition were the main contributors to heavy metal concentrations in both carbonate and clastic areas, and their concentrations differ according to soils developing in different formations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland)
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14 pages, 1447 KiB  
Article
Calcareous Materials Effectively Reduce the Accumulation of Cd in Potatoes in Acidic Cadmium-Contaminated Farmland Soils in Mining Areas
by Sitong Gong, Hu Wang, Fei Lou, Ran Qin and Tianling Fu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11736; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811736 - 17 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1486
Abstract
The in situ chemical immobilization method reduces the activity of heavy metals in soil by adding chemical amendments. It is widely used in farmland soil with moderate and mild heavy metal pollution due to its high efficiency and economy. However, the effects of [...] Read more.
The in situ chemical immobilization method reduces the activity of heavy metals in soil by adding chemical amendments. It is widely used in farmland soil with moderate and mild heavy metal pollution due to its high efficiency and economy. However, the effects of different materials depend heavily on environmental factors such as soil texture, properties, and pollution levels. Under the influence of lead–zinc ore smelting and soil acidification, Cd is enriched and highly activated in the soils of northwestern Guizhou, China. Potato is an important economic crop in this region, and its absorption of Cd depends on the availability of Cd in the soil and the distribution of Cd within the plant. In this study, pot experiments were used to compare the effects of lime (LM), apatite (AP), calcite (CA), sepiolite (SP), bentonite (BN), and biochar (BC) on Cd accumulation in potatoes. The results showed that the application of LM (0.4%), AP (1.4%), and CA (0.4%) had a positive effect on soil pH and cations, and that they effectively reduced the availability of Cd in the soil. In contrast, the application of SP, BN, and BC had no significant effect on the soil properties and Cd availability. LM, AP, and CA treatment strongly reduced Cd accumulation in the potato tubers by controlling the total ‘flux’ of Cd into the potato plants. In contrast, the application of SP and BN promoted the migration of Cd from the root to the shoot, while the effect of BC varied by potato genotype. Overall, calcareous materials (LM, CA, and AP) were more applicable in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils in the study area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland)
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17 pages, 4660 KiB  
Article
Source Identification and Superposition Effect of Heavy Metals (HMs) in Agricultural Soils at a High Geological Background Area of Karst: A Case Study in a Typical Watershed
by Qiuye Zhang, Hongyan Liu, Fang Liu, Xianhang Ju, Faustino Dinis, Enjiang Yu and Zhi Yu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11374; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811374 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1405
Abstract
Exogenous sources and the superposition effect of HMs in agricultural soils made the idenfication of sources complicated in a karst area. Here, a typical watershed, a research unit of the karst area, was chosen as the study area. The smaller-scale study of watersheds [...] Read more.
Exogenous sources and the superposition effect of HMs in agricultural soils made the idenfication of sources complicated in a karst area. Here, a typical watershed, a research unit of the karst area, was chosen as the study area. The smaller-scale study of watersheds allowed us to obtain more precise results and to guide local pollution control. In this study, sources of HMs in agricultural soil were traced by a CMB model. Superposition effects were studied by spatial analysis of HMs and enrichment factor (EF) and chemical fraction analysis. The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in surface soils were 8.71, 333, 154, 51.7, 61.5 and 676 mg∙kg−1, respectively, which exceeded their corresponding background values. The main sources of Cd, Pb and Zn in agricultural soil were rock weathering, atmospheric deposition and livestock manure, and their contributions were 47.7%, 31.0% and 21.2% for Cd; 7.63%, 78.7% and 13.4% for Pb; and 17.0%, 52.3% and 28.1% for Zn. Cr mainly derived from atmospheric deposition (73.8%) and rock weathering (20.0%). Cu and Ni mainly came from livestock manure (81.3%) and weathering (87.5%), respectively, whereas contributions of pesticides and fertilizers were relatively limited (no more than 1.04%). Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu were easily enriched in surface soils near the surrounding pollution sources, whereas Cr and Ni were easily enriched in the high-terrain area, where there was less of an impact of anthropogenic activities. The superposition of exogenous sources caused accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in topsoil, contaminated the subsoil through leaching and improved bioavailability of Cd and Pb, causing high ecological risk for agricultural production. Therefore, Cd and Pb should be paid more attention in future pollution control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heavy Metal Contamination Evaluation and Remediation Strategies in Farmland)
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