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The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 11973

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Laura Castro-Santos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Naval and Industrial Engineering, University of A Coruña, Escola Politécnica Superior, Esteiro, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
Interests: marine renewable energies; offshore wind energy; wave energy; feasibility studies; geographic information systems (GIS)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemist, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
Interests: marine renewable energies; offshore wind energy; wave energy; feasibility studies; Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The environment is a crucial part of our lives from various points of view: It gives us the oxygen to breathe, the food to feed us, and the raw materials to produce our products. In this context, our oceans occupy seventy percent of our world. Therefore, we must take advantage of their resources: marine biological species that can cure our diseases, alternative food (new ways of marine aquaculture), offshore energy (economics of offshore energy, offshore wind, wave energy, tidal energy, gradients, currents, etc.), maritime transport (new types of vessels, new routes of transport, etc.), water pollution (plastics, waste, etc.), energy production (renewable energy, energy efficiency), etc. Papers related to these or similar topics are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Laura Castro-Santos
Dr. Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ocean
  • marine biological species
  • marine aquaculture
  • offshore energy
  • offshore wind
  • wave energy
  • maritime transport
  • water pollution

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 363 KiB  
Article
Valuation of a Company Producing and Trading Seaweed for Human Consumption: Classical Methods vs. Real Options
by Raisa Pérez-Vas, Félix Puime Guillén and Joaquín Enríquez-Díaz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(10), 5262; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105262 - 15 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2811
Abstract
Aquaculture is an increasingly relevant sector in the exploitation of natural resources; therefore, it is appropriate to propose various models that include the fundamental variables for its economic-financial valuation from a business point of view. The objective of this paper is to analyze [...] Read more.
Aquaculture is an increasingly relevant sector in the exploitation of natural resources; therefore, it is appropriate to propose various models that include the fundamental variables for its economic-financial valuation from a business point of view. The objective of this paper is to analyze different models for the valuation of investment projects in a company in the aquaculture sector in order to conclude whether there is a model that represents a better valuation. Therefore, in this study, four valuation models have been applied, three classical models (net present value, internal rate of return, and payback) and a more recent model, real options (RO) for a company producing and marketing seaweed in Galicia (region located in the northwest of Spain). The results obtained, RO (€5,527,144.04) and net present value (€5,479,659.19), conclude that the RO model estimates a higher added value by taking into account in its calculations the flexibility given by the expansion option. Future lines of research include the application of valuation models that have been applied to companies belonging to the same sector in order to compare whether the results found are similar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy)
16 pages, 2648 KiB  
Article
Economic Feasibility of Floating Offshore Wind Farms Considering Near Future Wind Resources: Case Study of Iberian Coast and Bay of Biscay
by Laura Castro-Santos, Maite deCastro, Xurxo Costoya, Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso, Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Americo Ribeiro, João M. Dias and Moncho Gómez-Gesteira
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(5), 2553; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052553 - 04 Mar 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2702
Abstract
Wind energy resources are subject to changes in climate, so the use of wind energy density projections in the near future is essential to determine the viability and profitability of wind farms at particular locations. Thus, a step forward in determining the economic [...] Read more.
Wind energy resources are subject to changes in climate, so the use of wind energy density projections in the near future is essential to determine the viability and profitability of wind farms at particular locations. Thus, a step forward in determining the economic assessment of floating offshore wind farms was taken by considering current and near-future wind energy resources in assessing the main parameters that determine the economic viability (net present value, internal rate of return, and levelized cost of energy) of wind farms. This study was carried out along the Atlantic coast from Brest to Cape St. Vincent. Results show that the future reduction in wind energy density (2%–6%) mainly affects the net present value (NPV) of the farm and has little influence on the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). This study provides a good estimate of the economic viability of OWFs (Offshore Wind Farms) by taking into account how wind resources can vary due to climate change over the lifetime of the farm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy)
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19 pages, 1971 KiB  
Article
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Consumption of Coastal Ecosystem Enhancement Programme through Sustainable Artificial Reefs in Galicia
by Luis Carral, Juan José Cartelle Barros, Humberto Carro Fidalgo, Carolina Camba Fabal and Alicia Munín Doce
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(4), 1909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041909 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2278
Abstract
The principle of sustainability should condition a project in which artificial reefs are being installed to protect biodiversity as well as enhance costal ecosystems. In particular, this principle should be taken into account in the logistical processes related to manufacture and transport. This [...] Read more.
The principle of sustainability should condition a project in which artificial reefs are being installed to protect biodiversity as well as enhance costal ecosystems. In particular, this principle should be taken into account in the logistical processes related to manufacture and transport. This study assesses the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED) of developing a coastal ecosystem enhancement programme in the estuary region of Galicia, north-western Spain. The focus is on the processes involved in creating green artificial reefs (GARs): manufacture, transport and installation. The starting point is the supply chain for the green artificial reef (GAR) units; greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and energy needs for each phase are analysed. Various scenarios are considered to determine which options are indeed available when it comes to establishing the supply chain. Different types of energy supplies, different options for the location of production centres, as well as different means of transport were studied. Results reveal the critical phases for selecting how the GAR units must be produced, transported by road and sea and then installed in their permanent location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy)
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24 pages, 1957 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Materials Employed in Green Artificial Reefs for the Galician Estuaries in Terms of Circular Economy
by Luis Carral, Carolina Camba Fabal, Mª Isabel Lamas Galdo, Mª Jesús Rodríguez-Guerreiro and Juan José Cartelle Barros
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(23), 8850; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238850 - 28 Nov 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2879
Abstract
To exploit marine resources in a sustainable way, efficient management systems must be used such as green artificial reefs (GARs). These reefs are mostly made up of renewable and organic materials. When adopting the circular economy (CE) model, industrial processes must be reconsidered. [...] Read more.
To exploit marine resources in a sustainable way, efficient management systems must be used such as green artificial reefs (GARs). These reefs are mostly made up of renewable and organic materials. When adopting the circular economy (CE) model, industrial processes must be reconsidered. By adapting how conventional artificial reefs (CARs) are engineered and produced to embrace the principles of the CE, certain materials can be used. Renewable resources are designed to be reintroduced into the biosphere without producing harmful organic residues or nutrients. Within a framework that covers economic, environmental and social considerations, this study offers four new proposals related to substituting the materials destined for the components in an artificial reef. For the first time, two different methodologies were applied to determine the best alternative in terms of its contribution to both sustainability and CE. From the results obtained, the best solutions are in line with substituting a certain amount of the cement and sand with mussel shells. The importance of the results lies in the fact that the canning industry in Galicia (northwest Spain) generates shell residues which promote grave environmental consequences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Environment: New Uses of the Ocean and Energy)
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